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 +--------------------------------------------------------------+ | Transcriber's Note: | | | | This is a very old document which contains inconsistent and | | unusual spelling. While most of the unusual spelling has | | been preserved, a number of obvious typographical errors | | have been corrected. For a complete list, please see the | | end of this document. | | | | The illustration mentioned on the Frontispiece has been | | lost. | | | +--------------------------------------------------------------+

DIRECTIONSFor Navigating on Part of theSouth Coast of Newfoundland, WITHA CHART thereof, Including the ISLANDS ofSt. PETER's and MIQUELON, And a particular ACCOUNT of theBays, Harbours, Rocks, Land-Marks, Depths of Water, Latitudes, Bearings, and Distances from Place to Place, the Setting of the Currents, and Flowing of theTides, _&c. _

From an actual SURVEY, taken by Order of

Commodore PALLISSER, Governor of _Newfoundland_, _Labradore_, &c. 

By JAMES COOK, Surveyor of _Newfoundland_. 

LONDON:

Printed for the AUTHOR, and Sold by J. MOUNT and T. PAGE on_Tower-Hill_, M, DCC, LXVI. 

[Illustration]

DIRECTIONS

FOR

Navigating on Part of the South Coast of _NEWFOUNDLAND_. 

N. B. _All Bearings and Courses hereafter-mentioned, are the trueBearings and Courses, and not by Compass. _

[Sidenote: Cape Chapeaurouge. ]

Cape _Chapeaurouge_, or the Mountain of the _Red Hat_, is situated onthe West side of _Placentia Bay_, in the Latitude of 46° 53' North, and lies nearly West 17 or 18 Leagues from Cape St. _Maries_; it isthe highest and most remarkable Land on that Part of the Coast, appearing above the rest something like the Crown of a Hat, and may beseen in clear Weather 12 Leagues. 

[Sidenote: Harbours of St. Laurence]

Close to the Eastward of Cape _Chapeaurouge_ are the Harbours of_Great_ and _Little St. Laurence_. To sail into _Great St. Lawrence_, which is the Westermost, there is no Danger but what lies very nearthe Shore; taking Care with Westerly, and particularly S. W. Winds, notto come too near the _Hat Mountain_, to avoid the Flerrys and EddyWinds under the high Land. The Course in is first N. W. Till you openthe upper Part of the Harbour, then N. N. W. Half W. The best Place forgreat Ships to Anchor, and the best Ground is before a Cove on theEast-side of the Harbour in 13 Fathom Water. A little above _BlueBeach Point_, which is the first Point on the West-side; here you lieonly two Points open: You may Anchor any where between this Point andthe Point of _Low Beach_, on the same Side near the Head of theHarbour, observing that close to the West Shore, the Ground is not sogood as on the other Side. Fishing Vessels lay at the Head of theHarbour above the Beach, sheltered from all Winds. 

To sail into _Little St. Laurence_ you must keep the West Shore onBoard, in order to avoid a sunken Rock which lies a little without thePoint of the _Peninsula_, which stretches off from the East-side ofthe Harbour: You Anchor above this _Peninsula_, (which covers you fromthe Sea Winds) in 3 and 4 Fathom Water, a fine sandy Bottom. In theseHarbours are good Fishing Conveniencies, and plenty of Wood and Water. Ships may Anchor without the _Peninsula_ in 12 Fathom good Ground, butopen to the S. S. E. Winds. 

[Sidenote: Sauker Head. ]

_Sauker-Head_ lies 3 Miles to the Eastward of Cape _Chapeaurouge_, itis a pretty high round Point, off which lie some sunken Rocks, about aCable's Length from the Shore. 

[Sidenote: Garden Bank]

This Bank whereon is from 7 to 17 Fathom Water, lies about half a Mileoff from _Little St. Laurence_, with _Blue Beach Point_ on with theEast Point of _Great St. Laurence_. 

[Sidenote: Ferryland Head. ]

_Ferryland head_ lies S. W. 1 Mile from Cape _Chapeaurouge_, it is ahigh rocky Island, just seperated from the Main; it and Cape_Chapeaurouge_ are sufficient Marks to know the Harbours of St. _Laurence_. 

[Sidenote: Bay of Laun. ]

West 5 Miles from _Ferryland-Head_, lies the Bay of _Laun_, in theBottom of which are two small Inlets, called _Great_ and _LittleLaun_. _Little Laun_, which is the Eastermost, lies open to the S. W. Winds, which generally prevails upon this Coast, and therefore noPlace to Anchor in. _Great Laun_ lies in about N. By E. 2 Miles, isnear half a Mile wide, whereon is from 14 to 3 Fathom Water. To sailinto it, you must be careful to avoid a sunken Rock, which lies abouta quarter of a Mile off from the East Point. The best Place to Anchoris on the East-side, about half a Mile from the Head, in 6 and 5Fathom; the Bottom is pretty good, and you are shelter'd from allWinds, except S. And S. By W. Which blow right in, and cause a greatswell. At the Head of this Place is a Bar Harbour, into which Boatscan go at half Tide; and Conveniences for a Fishery, and plenty ofWood and Water. 

[Sidenote: Laun Islands. ]

Off the West Point of _Laun Bay_ lay the Islands of the same Name, notfar from the Shore; the Westermost and outermost of which lie W. Southerly 10 Miles from _Ferryland-head_; near a quarter of a Mile tothe Southward of this Island is a Rock whereon the Sea breaks in verybad Weather: There are other sunken Rocks about these Islands, butthey are no ways Dangerous, being very near the Shore. 

[Sidenote: Taylor's Bay. ]

This Bay which lies open to the Sea, lies 3 Miles to the Westward of_Laun_ Islands; off the East Point are some sunken Rocks near aquarter of a Mile from the Shore. 

[Sidenote: Point Aux Gaul. ]

A little to the Westward of _Taylors Bay_ there stretches out a lowPoint of Land, called _Point Aux Gaul_; off which lies a Rock aboveWater, half a Mile from the Shore, called _Gaul Shag Rock_; this Rocklies West three quarters South 5 Leagues from _Ferryland-Head_, youhave 14 Fathom close to the off Side of it, but between it and thePoint are some sunken Rocks. 

[Sidenote: Lamelin Bay. ]

From _Point Aux Gaul Shag Rock_, to the Islands of _Lamelin_ is Westthree quarters N. 1 League, between them is the Bay of _Lamelin_, wherein is very shallow Water, and several small Islands, and Rocksboth above and under Water, and in the Bottom of it is a Salmon River. 

[Sidenote: Lamelin Islands. ]

The two Islands of _Lamelin_ (which are but low) lie off the WestPoint of the Bay of the same Name, and lie West three quarters South, 6 Leagues from the Mountain of the _Red Hat_; but in steering alongShore make a W. By S. Course good, will carry you clear of all Danger. Small Vessels may Anchor in the Road between these Islands in 4 and 5Fathom, tolerably well shelter'd from the Weather: Nearly in theMiddle of the Passage going in between the two Islands, is a sunkenRock, which you avoid by keeping nearer to one Side than the other, the most Room is on the East-side. The Eastermost Island communicateswith the Main at Low-water, by a narrow Beach, over which Boats can goat High-water, into the N. W. Arm of _Lamelin Bay_, where they lay insafety. Here are Conveniences for a Fishery, but little or no Wood ofany Sort. Near to the South Point of the Westermost Island is a Rockpretty high above Water, called _Lamelin Shag Rock_; in going into theRoad between the Islands, you leave this Rock on your Larboard Side. 

[Sidenote: Lamelin Ledges. ]

These Ledges lay along the Shore, between _Lamelin Islands_ and _PointMay_, which is 3 Leagues, and are very Dangerous, some of them being 3Miles from the Land. To avoid these Ledges in the Day-time, you mustnot bring the Islands of _Lamelin_ to the Southward of East, until_Point May_, or the Western extremity of the Land bear N. By E. Fromyou; you may then steer to the Northward with safety, between _PointMay_ and _Green Island_. In the Night, or foggy Weather, you ought tobe very careful not to approach these Ledges within 30 Fathom Water, least you get intangled amongst them. Between them and the Main arevarious Soundings from 16 to 5 Fathom. 

[Sidenote: Observations. ]

All the Land about Cape _Chapeaurouge_ and _Laun_, is high and hillyclose to the Sea; from _Laun Islands_ to _Lamelin_ it is of a moderateHeight; from _Lamelin_ to _Point May_, the Land near the Shore is verylow, with sandy Beaches, but a little way inland are Mountains. 

[Sidenote: Island of St. Peter's. ]

The Island of St. _Peter_'s lies in the Latitude 46 Degrees 46 MinutesNorth. West by South near 12 Leagues from Cape _Chapeaurouge_, andWest by South half South 5 Leagues from the Islands of _Lamelin_; itis about 5 Leagues in circuit, and pretty high, with a craggy, broken, uneven Surface. Coming from the Westward, as soon as you raise_Gallantry Head_, which is the South Point of the Island, it will makein a round Hommock like a small Island and appears if seperated fromSt. _Peter_'s. On the East-side of the Island, a little to the N. E. Of _Gallentry-Head_ lay three small Islands, the innermost of which isthe largest, called _Dog-Island_; within this Island is the Road andHarbour of St. _Peter_'s; the Harbour is but small, and hath in itfrom 12 to 20 Feet Water; but there is a Bar across the Entrance, whereon there is but 6 Feet at Low-water, and 12 or 14 Feet atHigh-water. The Road which lies on the N. W. Side of _Dog-Island_ willadmit Ships of any Burthen, but it is only fit for the Summer Season, being open to the N. E. Winds; you may lay in 8, 10, and 12 Fathom, andfor the most Part is a hard rocky Bottom, there is very little clearGround; Ships of War commonly Buoy their Cables; the best Ground isnear the North Shore. Going in or out, you must not rainge too nearthe East-side of _Boar-Island_, which is the Eastermost of the threeIslands above-mentioned, for fear of some sunken Rocks which lie Eastabout 1 Mile from it, and which is the only Danger about St. _Peter_'s, but what lay very near the Shore. 

[Sidenote: Island of Columbo. ]

This Island is of a small circuit, but pretty high, and lies very nearthe N. E. Point of St. _Peter_'s; between them is a very good Passage, one-third of a Mile wide, wherein is 12 Fathom Water. On theNorth-side of the Island is a Rock pretty high above Water, called_Little Columbo_; and about a quarter of a Mile N. E. From this Rock isa sunken Rock, whereon is 2 Fathom Water. 

[Sidenote: Island of Langley. ]

The Island of _Langley_, which lies on the N. W. Side of St. _Peter_'s, is about 8 Leagues in Circuit, of a moderate and pretty equal height, except the N. End, wich is a low Point with Sand Hills along it; it isflat a little way off the low Land on both Sides of it, but all thehigh Part of the Island is very bold too, and the Passage between itand St. _Peter_'s (which is 1 League broad) is clear of Danger. Youmay Anchor on the N. E. Side of the Island, a little to the Southwardof the _Sand Hills_, in 5 and 6 Fathom, a fine sandy Bottom, shelteredfrom the Southerly, S. W. And N. W. Winds. 

[Sidenote: Island of Miquelon. ]

From the North Point of _Langley_, to the South Point of _Miquelon_ isabout 1 Mile; it is said that a few Years since they join'd togetherat this Place by a Neck of Sand, which the Sea has wash'd away andmade a Channel, wherein is 2 Fathom Water. The Island of _Miquelon_ is4 Leagues in Length from North to South, but of an unequal Breadth;the Middle of the Island is high Land, called the high Land of _Dunn_;but down by the Shore it is low, except Cape _Miquelon_, which is alofty Promontory at the Northern extremity of the Island. 

[Sidenote: Dunn Harbour. ]

On the S. E. Side of the Island, to the Southward of the high Land, isa pretty large Bar-Harbour, called _Dunn Harbour_, which will admitFishing Shallops at half Flood, but can never be of any Utility for aFishery. 

[Sidenote: Miquelon Rocks and Bank. ]

_Miquelon Rocks_ stretches off from the East Point of the Island, under the high Land 1 Mile and a quarter to the Eastward, some areabove and some under Water; the outermost of these Rocks are aboveWater, and you have 12 Fathom close to them, and 18 and 20 Fathom 1Mile off. N. E. Half N. 4 or 5 Miles from these Rocks lie _MiquelonBank_ whereon is 6 Fathom Water. 

[Sidenote: Road of Miquelon. ]

The Road of _Miquelon_ (which is large and spacious) lies at theNorth-end, and on the East-side of the Island, between Cape _Miquelon_and a very remarkable round Mountain near the Shore, called_Chapeaux_: Off the South Point of the Road are some sunken Rocks, about a quarter of a Mile from the Shore, but every where else it isclear of Danger. The best Anchorage is near the Bottom of the Road in6 and 7 Fathom, fine sandy Bottom; you lay open to the Easterly Winds, which Winds seldom blow in the Summer. 

[Sidenote: Cape Miquelon. ]

Cape _Miquelon_, or the Northern extremity of the Island is high bluffLand; and when you are 4 or 5 Leagues to the Eastward or Westward ofit, you would take it for an Island, by reason the Land at the Bottomof the Road is very low. 

[Sidenote: Seal Rocks]

The _Seal Rocks_ are two Rocks above Water, lying 1 League and a halfoff from the Middle of the West-side of the Island _Miquelon_; thePassage between them and the Island is very safe, and you have 14 or15 Fathom within a Cable's Length all round them. 

[Sidenote: Green Island. ]

This Island which is about three-quarters of a Mile in Circuit, andlow, lies N. E. 5 Miles from St. _Peter_'s, and nearly in the Middle ofthe Channel, between it and _Point May_ on _Newfoundland_; on theSouth-side of this Island are some Rocks both above and under Water, extending themselves 1 Mile and a quarter to the S. W. 

_Description of_ Fortune Bay. 

_Fortune Bay_ is very large, the Entrance is form'd by _Point May_ and_Pass Island_, which are 12 Leagues N. By E. And S. By W. From eachother, and it is about 23 Leagues deep, wherein are a great many Bays, Harbours, and Islands. 

[Sidenote: Island of Brunet. ]

The Island of _Brunet_ is situated nearly in the Middle of theEntrance into _Fortune Bay_, it is about 5 Leagues in Circuit, and ofa tolerable Height; the East-end appears at some Points of view likeIslands, by reason it is very low and narrow in two Places. On theN. E. Side of the Island is a Bay, wherein is tolerable good Anchoragefor Ships in 14 and 16 Fathom, shelter'd from Southerly and WesterlyWinds; you must not run too far in for fear of some sunken Rocks inthe Bottom of it, a quarter of a Mile from the Shore; opposite thisBay on the South-side of the Island, is a small Cove, wherein smallVessels and Shallops can lay pretty secure from the Weather, in 6Fathom Water; in the Middle of the Cove is a Rock above Water, and aChannel on each Side of it. The Islands laying at the West-end of_Brunet_, called _Little Brunets_, afford indifferent Shelter forShallops in blowing Weather; you may approach these Islands, and theIsland of _Brunet_, within a quarter of a Mile all round, there beingno Danger but what lay very near the Shore. 

[Sidenote: Plate Islands]

_Plate Islands_ are three Rocks of a moderate Height, lying S. W. 1League from the West-end of _Great Brunet_. The Southermost andoutermost of these Rocks, lay W. By S. Half S. 11 Miles from Cape_Miquelon_, and in a direct Line between _Point May_ and _PassIsland_, 17 Miles from the former and 19 from the later; S. E. Aquarter of a Mile from the _Great Plate_ (which is the Northermost) isa sunken Rock, whereon the Sea breaks, which it the only Danger aboutthem. 

[Sidenote: Observations]

There are several strong and irregular Settings of the Tides orCurrents about the _Plate_ and _Brunet Islands_, which seem to have nodependency on the Moon, and the Course of the Tides on the Coast. 

[Sidenote: Island of Sagona. ]

The Island of _Sagona_, which lies N. N. E. 2 Leagues from the East-endof _Brunet_, is about 3 Miles and a half in circuit, of a moderateHeight, and bold too all round, at the S. W. End is a small Creek thatwill admit Fishing Shallops; in the Middle of the Entrance is a sunkenRock which makes it exceeding narrow, and difficult to get in or out, except in fine Weather. 

[Sidenote: Point May. ]

_Point May_ is the Southern Extremity of _Fortune Bay_, and the S. W. Extremity of this Part of _Newfoundland_; it may be known by a greatblack Rock, nearly joining to the Pitch of the Point, and somethinghigher than the Land, which makes it look like a black Hommock on thePoint; near a quarter of a Mile right off from the Point, or thisround black Rock, are three sunken Rocks, whereon the Sea alwaysbreaks. 

[Sidenote: Dantzic Coves. ]

Near 2 Miles North from _Point May_, is _Little Dantzic Cove_, andhalf a Leag. From _Little Dantzic_ is _Great Dantzic Cove_; theseCoves are no Places of safety, being open to the Westerly Winds; theLand about them is of a moderate Height, bold too, and clear of Wood. 

[Sidenote: Fortune. ]

From _Dantzic Point_ (which is the North Point of the Coves) to_Fortune_ the Course is N. E. Near 3 Leagues; the Land between themnear the Shore is of a moderate Height, and bold too; you will have inmost Places 10 and 12 Fathom two Cables Length from the Shore, 30 and40 one Mile off, and 70 and 80 two Miles off. _Fortune_ lies Northfrom the East-end of _Brunet_, it is a Bar Place that will admitFishing Boats at a quarter Flood; and a Fishing Village situated inthe Bottom of a small Bay, wherein is Anchorage for Shipping in 6, 8, 10, and 12 Fathom; the Ground is none of the best, and you lay open tonear half the Compass. 

[Sidenote: Grand Bank. ]

[Sidenote: Great Garnish. ]

[Sidenote: Frenchman's Cove. ]

[Sidenote: Anchorage. ]

Cape of _Grand Bank_ is a pretty high Point, lying 1 League N. E. From_Fortune_; into the E. Ward of the Cape is _Ship Cove_, wherein isgood Anchorage for Shipping, in 8 and 10 Fathom, shelter'd fromSoutherly, Westerly, and N. W. Winds. _Grand Bank_ lies E. S. E. Half aLeague from the Cape, it is a Fishing Village, and a Bar Harbour, thatwill admit Fishing Shallops at a quarter Flood; to this Place and_Fortune_ resort the Crews of Fishing Ships, who lay their Ships upin Harbour _Briton_. From the Cape of _Grand Bank_ to Point _Enragee_, the Course is NE. A quarter E. 8 Leagues, forming a Bay between them, in which the Shore is low with several sandy Beaches, behind which areBar Harbours that will admit Boats on the Tide of Flood, the largestof which is _Great Garnish_, 5 Leagues from _Grand Bank_, it may beknown by several Rocks above Water laying before it, 2 Miles from theShore, the outmost of these Rocks are steep too, but between them andthe Shore are dangerous sunken Rocks. To the Eastward, and withinthese Rocks is _Frenchman's Cove_, wherein you may Anchor with smallVessels, in 4 and 5 Fathom Water, tolerably well shelter'd from theSea Winds, and seems a convenient Place for the Cod Fishery: ThePassage in is to the Eastward of the Rocks that are the highest aboveWater; between them and some other lower Rocks laying off to theEastward from the East Point of the _Cove_, there is a sunken Rocknearly in the Middle of this Passage, which you must be aware of. Youmay Anchor any where under the Shore, between _Grand Bank_ and _GreatGarnish_ in 8 and 10 Fathom Water, but you are only shelter'd from theLand Winds. 

[Sidenote: Point Enragee. ]

_Point Enragee_ is but low, but a little way in the Country is highLand; this Point may be known by two Hommocks upon it close to theShore, but you must be very near, otherwise the Elevation of the highLands will hinder you from discovering them; close to the Point is aRock under Water. 

From _Point Enragee_ to the Head of the Bay, the Course is first N. E. A quarter E. 3 Leagues to _Grand Jervey_; then N. E. By E. Half E. 7Leagues and a half to the Head of the Bay; the Land in general alongthe South-side is high, bold too, and of an uneven Height, with Hillsand Vallies of various extent; the Vallies for the most Part cloathedwith Wood, and water'd with small Rivulets. 

[Sidenote: Bay L'Arjent. ]

Seven Leagues to the Eastward of _Point Enragee_, is the Bay_L'Argent_, wherein you may Anchor in 30 or 40 Fathom Water, shelter'dfrom all Winds. 

[Sidenote: Harbour Millee. ]

The Entrance of Harbour _Millee_ is to the Eastward of the East Pointof _L'Argent_; before this Harbour and the Bay _L'Argent_ is aremarkable Rock, that at a Distance appears like a Shallop under Sail. _Harbour Millee_ branches into two Arms, one laying into the N. E. Andthe other towards the E. At the upper Part of both is good Anchorage, and various Sorts of Wood. Between this Harbour and _Point Enragee_, are several Bar Harbours in small Bays, wherein are sandy Beaches, offwhich Vessels may Anchor, but they must be very near the Shore to bein a moderate Depth of Water. 

[Sidenote: Cape Millee. ]

_Cape Millee_ lies N. N. E. Half E. 1 League from the afore-mentioned_Shallop Rock_, and near 3 Leagues from the Head of _Fortune Bay_ is ahigh reddish barren Rock. The wedth of _Fortune Bay_ at _Cape Millee_doth not exceed half a League, but immediately below it, it is twiceas wide, by which this Cape may be easily known; above this Cape theLand on both Sides is high, with steep craggy Cliffs. The Head of theBay is terminated by a low Beach, behind which is a large Pond or BarHarbour, into which Boats can go at quarter Flood. In this and all theBar Harbours between it and _Grand Bank_, are convenient Places forbuilding of Stages, and good Beaches for drying of Fish, for greatNumbers of Boats. 

[Sidenote: Grand L'Pierre Harbour]

_Grand L'Pierre_ is a good Harbour, situated on the North-side of theBay, half a League from the Head, you can see no Entrance until youare abreast of it; there is not the least Danger in going in, and youmay Anchor in any Depth from 8 to 4 Fathom, shelter'd from all Winds. 

[Sidenote: English Harbour. ]

_English Harbour_ lies a little to the Westward of _Grand L'Pierre_, it is very small, and fit only for Boats and small Vessels. 

[Sidenote: Little Bay de Leau. ]

To the Westward of _English Harbour_ is a small Bay called _Little Bayde Leau_, wherein are some small Islands, behind which is shelter forsmall Vessels. 

[Sidenote: New Harbour]

This Harbour is situated opposite _Cape Millee_, to the Westward of_Bay de Leau_; it is but a small Inlet, yet hath good Anchorage on theWest-side in 9, 8, 7, and 5 Fathom Water, sheltered from the S. W. Winds. 

[Sidenote: Harbour Femme. ]

Harbour _Femme_, which lies half a League to the Westward of _NewHarbour_, lies in NE. Half a League, it is very narrow, and hath in it23 Fathom Water, before the Entrance is an Island, near to which aresome Rocks above Water: the Passage into the Harbour is to theEastward of the Island. 

[Sidenote: Brewer's Hole. ]

One League to the Westward of _Harbour Femme_, is a small Cove called_Brewer's Hole_, wherein is Shelter for Fishing Boats; before thisCove is a small Island near the Shore, and some Rocks above Water. 

[Sidenote: Harbour la Conte. ]

This Harbour is situated one Mile to the Westward of _Brewer's Hole_, before which are two Islands, one without the other; the outermost, which is the largest is of a tolerable Height, and lies in a Line withthe Coast, and is not easy to be distinguished from the Main insailing along the Shore. To sail into this Harbour, the best Passageis on the West-side of the outer Island, and between the two; as soonas you begin to open the Harbour, you must keep the inner Island closeon Board, in order to avoid some sunken Rocks that lay near a smallIsland, which you will discover between the NE. Point of the outerIsland, and the opposite Point on the Main; and likewise another Rockunder Water, which lays higher up on the Side of the Main; this Rockappears at Low Water. As soon as you are above these Dangers, you maysteer up in the middle of the Channel, until you open a fine spaciousBason, wherein you may Anchor in any Depth from 5 to 17 Fathom Water, shut up from all Winds, the Bottom is Sand and Mud. In to the Eastwardof the outer Island, is a small Cove fit for small Vessels and Boats, and Conveniencies for the Fishery. 

[Sidenote: Long Harbour. ]

This Harbour lies 4 Miles to the Westward of Harbour _La Conte_, andN. E. By N. 5 Leagues from _Point Enragee_; it may be known by a smallIsland in the Mouth of it, called _Gull Island_; and half a Milewithout this Island, is a Rock above Water, that hath the Appearanceof a small Boat. There is a Passage into the Harbour on each Side ofthe Island, but the broadest is the Westermost. Nearly in the middleof this Passage, a little without the Island is a Ledge of Rocks, whereon is two Fathom Water; a little within the Island on the S. E. Side are some sunken Rocks, about two Cables length from the Shorelaying off two sandy Coves; some of these Rocks appear at Low-water. On the N. W. Side of the Harbour, two Miles within the Island is_Morgan's Cove_, wherein you may Anchor in 15 Fathom Water, and theonly Place you can Anchor, unless you run into, or above the_Narrows_, being every where else very deep Water. This Harbour runsfive Leagues into the Country, at the Head of which is a SalmonFishery. 

[Sidenote: Bell Bay, and its contain'd Bays & Harbours. ]

[Sidenote: Hare Harbours. ]

A little to the Westward of _Long Harbour_, is _Bell Bay_, whichextends three Leagues every Way, and contains several Bays andHarbours. On the East Point of this Bay, is _Hare Harbour_, which isfit only for small Vessels and Boats, before which are two smallIslands, and some Rocks above and under Water. 

[Sidenote: Mall Bay. ]

Two Miles to the Northward of _Hare Harbour_, or the Point of _BellBay_, is _Mall Bay_, being a narrow Arm, laying in NE. By N. 5 Miles, wherein is deep Water, and no Anchorage until at the Head. 

[Sidenote: Rencontre Islands. ]

_Rencontre Islands_ lies to the Westward of _Mall Bay_, near theShore; the Westermost, which is the largest, hath a Communication withthe Main at low Water; in and about this Island are shelter for smallVessels and Boats. 

[Sidenote: Bell Harbour]

_Bell Harbour_ lies one League to the Westward of _Rencontre_ Islands:The Passage into the Harbour is on the West Side of the Island; in theMouth of it, as soon as you are within the Island, you will open asmall Cove on the E. Side, wherein small Vessels anchor, but largeShips must run up to the Head of the Harbour, and Anchor in 20 FathomWater, there being most Room. 

[Sidenote: Lally Cove. ]

_Lally Cove_ lies a little to the Westward of _Bell Harbour_, it is avery snug Place for small Vessels, being covered from all Winds behindthe Island in the Cove. 

[Sidenote: Lally Cove. Back Cove. ]

_Lally Head_ is the West Point of _Lally Cove_, it is a high bluffwhite Point; to the Northward of the Head is _Lally Cove back Cove_, wherein you may anchor in 16 Fathom Water. 

[Sidenote: Bay of the East, and Bay of the North. ]

Two Miles to the Northward of _Lally Cove Head_, is the Bay of theEast, and Bay of the North, in both is deep Water, and no Anchorage, unless very near the Shore. At the Head of the North Bay is thelargest River in _Fortune Bay_, and seems a good Place for a SalmonFishery. 

[Sidenote: Bay of Cinq Isles. ]

The Bay of _Cinq Isles_ lies to the Southward of the North Bay, andopposite to _Lally Cove Head_ there is tolerable good Anchorage forlarge Ships on the S. W. Side of the Islands in the Bottom of the Bay. The North Arm is a very snug Place for small Vessels; at the Head ofthis Arm is a Salmon River. 

[Sidenote: Corben Bay. ]

A little to the Southward of the Bay of _Cinq_ Isles is _Corben Bay_, wherein is good Anchorage for any Ships in 22 or 24 Fathom Water. 

[Sidenote: Bell & Dog Islands. ]

South East about two Miles from _Lally Cove Head_, are two Islandsabout a Mile from each other, the North Eastermost is called _BellIsland_, and the other _Dog Island_, they are of a tolerable Height, and bold too all round. 

Between _Dogg Island_, and _Lord and Lady Island_, which lies off theS. Point of _Corben Bay_, is a sunken Rock, (somewhat nearer to _Lordand Lady_, than _Dogg-Island_) whereon the Sea breaks in very badWeather, and every where round it very deep Water. About a quarter ofa Mile to the Northward of the North-end of _Lord and Lady_ Island, isa Rock that appears at low Water. 

[Sidenote: Bande de La'rier Bay and Harbour. ]

_Bande de La'rier_ Bay lies on the West Point of _Bell Bay_, and NNW. Half W. Near 3 Leagues from Point _Enragee_, it may be known by a veryhigh Mountain over the Bay, which rises almost perpendicular from theSea, called _Iron-Head_. _Chappel Island_, which forms the East-sideof the Bay is high Land also. The Harbour lies on the West-side of theBay, just within the Point, formed by a narrow low Beach, it is verysmall, but a snug Place, and conveniently situated for the _CodFishery_. There is a tolerable good Anchorage along the West Side ofthe Bay from the Harbour up towards _Iron Head_ in 18 and 20 FathomWater. 

[Sidenote: Bande de La'rier Bank. ]

The Bank of _Bande de La'rier_, whereon is not less than 7 Fathom, lies with the Beach of _Bande de Lourier_ Harbour, just open of theWest Point of the Bay, and _Boxy Point_ on with the North End of St. _Jaques_ Island. 

[Sidenote: St. Jaques. ]

Two Miles to the W. Ward of _Bande de La'rier_, is the Harbour of St. _Jaques_, which may be easily known by the Island before it. ThisIsland is high at each End, and low in the Middle, and at a Distancelooks like two Islands, it lies N. 30d. E. 8 and a half Leagues fromthe Cape of _Grand Bank_, and N. E. By E. 7 Leagues from the East-endof _Brunet_. The Passage into the Harbour is on the West Side of theIsland; there is not the least Danger in going in, or in any Part ofthe Harbour; you may anchor in any Depth from 17 to 4 Fathom. 

[Sidenote: Blue Pinion. ]

Two Miles to the Westward of St. _Jaques_, is the Harbour of _BluePinion_, it is not near so large, or so safe as that of St. _Jaques_;near to the Head of the Harbour on the West Side is a Shoal, whereonis two Fathom at Low Water. 

[Sidenote: English Cove]

A little to the Westward of _Blue Pinion_, is _English Cove_, which isvery small, wherein small Vessels and Boats can Anchor; before it, andvery near the Shore is a small Island. 

[Sidenote: Boxy point. ]

_Boxy_ Point lies SW. By W. A quarter W. Two Leagues and a half fromSt. _Jaques_ Island, NNE. Near 7 Leagues from the Cape of _GrandBank_, and NE. Half E. 13 Miles from the East End of _Brunet_ Island;it is of a moderate Height, the most advanced to the Southward of anyLand on the Coast, and may be distinguished at a considerableDistance; there are some sunken Rocks off it, but they lay very nearthe Shore, and are no ways dangerous. 

[Sidenote: Boxy Harbour. ]

NNE. Three Miles from _Boxey_ Point is the Harbour of _Boxy_; to sailinto it you must keep _Boxy_ Point just open of _Fryer's_ Head (ablack Head a little within the Point) in this Direction you will keepin the middle of the Channel between the Shoals which lay off fromeach Point of the Harbour, where the Stages are; as soon as you arewithin these Shoals, which cover you from the Sea Winds, you mayanchor in 5 and 4 Fathom Water, fine sandy Ground. 

[Sidenote: St. John's Island, Head, Bay and Harbour. ]

West 1 Mile from _Boxy_ Point is the Island of St. _John_'s, which isof a tollerable Height, and steep too, except at the N. E. Point, whereis a Shoal a little way off. 

N. W. Half a League from St. _John_'s _Island_ is St. _John_'s _Head_, which is a high, steep, craggy Point. Between St _John_'s _Head_ and_Boxy Point_, is St. _John_'s _Bay_, in the Bottom of which is St. _John_'s _Harbour_, wherein is only Water for Boats. 

[Sidenote: Gull and Shag. ]

On the North-side of St. _John_'s _Head_ are two rocky Islands, calledthe _Gull_ and _Shag_; at the West-end of these Islands are somesunken Rocks. 

[Sidenote: Great Bay de Leau. ]

One League and a half to the Northward of St. _John_'s _Head_ is the_Great Bay de Leau_, wherein is good Anchorage in various depths ofWater, sheltered from all Winds. The best Passage in is on theEast-side of the Island, laying in the Mouth of it; nothing can enterin on the West-side but small Vessels and Shallops. 

[Sidenote: Little Bay Barrysway. ]

To the Westward of _Bay de Leau_, 3 Miles NNW. From St. _John_'s_Head_ is _Little Bay Barrysway_, on the West-side of which is goodAnchorage for large Ships in 7, 8, or 10 Fathom Water; here is goodFishing Conveniencies, with plenty of Wood and Water. 

[Sidenote: Harbour Briton. ]

[Sidenote: South West Arm. ]

_Harbour Briton_ lies to the Westward of _Little Bay Barrysway_, North1 Leag. And a half from the Island of _Sagona_, and N. By E. FromEast-end of _Brunet_. The two Heads, which from the Entrance of thisHarbour or Bay are pretty high, and lay from each other E. N. E. AndW. S. W. Above 2 Miles; near the East Head is a Rock above Water, bywhich it may be known: There are no Dangers in going in until you arethe Length of the South Point of the S. W. Arm, which is more than aMile within the West Head; from off this Point stretches out a Ledgeof Rocks N. E. About two Cables Length; the only Place for King's Shipsto Anchor is above this Point, before the S. W. Arm in 16 or 18 FathomWater, mooring nearly East and West, and so near the Shore as to havethe East Head on with the Point above-mentioned; the Bottom is verygood, and the Place convenient for Wooding and Watering. In the SW. Arm is Room for a great Number of Merchant Ships, and manyConveniencies for Fishing Vessels. 

[Sidenote: Jerseyman's Harbour. ]

Opposite to the S. W. Arm is the N. E. Arm or _Jerseyman_'s _Harbour_, which is capable of holding a great number of Ships, securelyshelter'd from all Winds. To sail into it you must keep the Point of_Thompson_'s _Beach_ (which is the Beach Point, at the Entrance intothe S. W. Arm) open of _Jerseyman_'s _Head_, (which is a high bluffHead at the North Entrance into _Jerseyman_'s _Harbour_) this Markwill lead you over the Bar in the best of the Channel, where you willhave 3 Fathom at Low-water; as soon as you open the Harbour, haul upNorth, and Anchor where its most convenient in 8, 7 or 6 Fathom Water, good Ground, and shelter'd from all Winds. In this Harbour are severalconvenient Places for erecting many Stages, and good Beach room. _Jerseymen_ generally lay their Ships up in this Harbour, and curetheir Fish at _Fortune_ and _Grand Bank_. 

[Sidenote: Gull Island, and Deadman's Bay. ]

From Harbour _Briton_ to the W. End of _Brunet_, and to the _PlateIslands_, the Course is S. W. By S. 6 Leagues and a half to theSouthermost _Plate_. From _Harbour Briton_ to _Cape Miquelon_ is S. W. A quarter W. 10 Leagues. From the West Head of _Harbour Briton_ to_Cannaigre Head_, the Course is W. By S. Distant 2 Leagues; betweenthem are _Gull-Island_ and _Deadman's Bay_. _Gull-Island_ lies closeunder the Land, 2 Miles to the Westward of Harbour _Briton_. _Deadman's Bay_ is to the Westward of _Gull-Island_, wherein you mayAnchor with the Land Winds. Between _Harbour Briton_ and _CannaigreHead_, is a Bank stretching off from the Shore between 2 and 3 Miles, whereon is various Depths of Water from 34 to 4 Fathom. Fishermen saythat they have seen the Sea break in very bad Weather, a good waywithout _Gull-Island_. 

[Sidenote: Cannaigre Head. ]

[Sidenote: Cannaigre Bay. ]

[Sidenote: Cannaigre Rocks. ]

_Cannaigre Head_ which forms the East Point of the Bay of the sameName, lies North Easterly 3 Leagues and a half from the West-end of_Brunet_; it is a high craggy Point, easy to be distinguished from anyPoint of view. From this Head to _Basstarre_ Point, the Course is W. By N. Half N. 2 Leagues, and likewise W. By N. Half N. 3 Leagues and ahalf to the Rocks of _Pass Island_; but to give them a Birth make a W. By N. Course good. Between _Cannaigre Head_ and _Basstarre Point_ is_Cannaigre Bay_, which extends itself about 4 Leagues Inland, at theHead of which is a Salmon River. In the Mouth of the Bay lay the Rocksof the same Name above Water, you may approach these Rocks very near, there being no Danger but what discovers itself. The Channel betweenthem and the North Shore is something Dangerous, by reason of a rangeof Rocks which lie along Shore, and extend themselves 1 Mile off. 

[Sidenote: Cannaigre Harbour. ]

_Cannaigre Harbour_ which is very small, with 7 Fathom Water in it, iswithin a Point on the South-side of the Bay, 5 Miles above the Head:The Passage into the Harbour is on the S. E. Side of the Island, lyingbefore it. Nearly in the Middle of the Bay, abreast of this Harbour, are two Islands of a tolerable Height, on the South-side of theWestermost Island, which is the largest, are some Rocks above Water. 

[Sidenote: Dawson's Cove. ]

This Cove is on the N. W. Side of the Bay, bears North, Distance about4 Miles from the Head, and East 2 Miles from the W. End of the _GreatIsland_. In it are good Fishing Conveniences, and Anchorage forVessels in 6 and 5 Fathom Water, but they will lay open to theSoutherly Winds. Between the S. W. Point of this Cove and _BasstarrePoint_, which is 5 Miles Distance, lays the Range of Rocksbeforementioned. 

[Sidenote: Basstarre Point. ]

_Basstarre Point_ which forms the West Point of _Cannaigre Bay_, is ofa moderate Height, clear of Wood, and bold too, all the way from it to_Pass-Island_, which bears N. W. By W. 1 League from _Basstarre Point_. 

[Sidenote: Observations. ]

The Land on the North-side of _Fortune Bay_ for the most Part ishilly, rising directly from the Sea, with craggy, barren Hills, whichextends 4 or 5 Leag. Inland, with a great Number of Rivulets andPonds. The Land on the South side of _Fortune Bay_, has a differentAppearance to that on the North-side, being not so full of craggyMountains, and better cloathed with Woods, which are of a short brushykind, which makes the face of the Country look green. 

[Sidenote: Pass Island. ]

_Pass Island_ lies N. 16° 30' East 7 Leagues and a half from _CapeMiquelon_, it is the N. W. Extremity of _Fortune Bay_, and lies verynear the Shore, is more than 2 Miles in circuit and is pretty high. Onthe S. W. Side are several Rocks above Water, which extend themselves 1Mile from the Island, and on the N. W. Side is a sunken Rock at aquarter of a Mile from the Island; the Passage between this Island andthe Main, which is near two Cables Length wide, is very safe for smallVessels, wherein you may Anchor in 6 Fathom, a fine sandy Bottom. ThisIsland is well situated for the Cod Fishery, there being very goodFishing Ground about it. 

[Sidenote: On the Soundings. ]

In the Night time, or in foggy Weather, Ships ought to place no greatDependance on the Soundings in _Fortune Bay_, least they may bedeceived thereby, for you have more Water in many Parts near theShore, and in several of its contained Bays and Harbours, than in themiddle of the Bay itself. 

Description of _Hermitage Bay_. 

From _Pass Island_ to _Great Jervis Harbour_, at the Entrance into theBay of _Despair_, the Course is N. By E. A quarter E. Near threeLeagues; and from _Pass Island_ to the West End of _Long Island_, theCourse is NNE. 8 Miles, between them is the Bay of _Hermitage_, whichlies in ENE. 8 Leagues from _Pass Island_, with very deep Water inmost Parts of it. 

[Sidenote: Fox Islands. ]

The two _Fox Islands_, which are but small, lie nearly in the middleof _Hermitage Bay_, 3 Leagues and a half from _Pass Island_; near tothese Islands is good Fishing Ground. 

[Sidenote: Hermitage Cove. ]

_Hermitage Cove_ is on the South-side of the Bay, opposite to _Fox'sIslands_. To sail into it, you must keep between the Islands and theSouth Shore, where there is not the least Danger; in this Cove is goodAnchorage for Shipping in 8 and 10 Fathom Water, and good FishingConveniences, with plenty of Wood and Water. 

[Sidenote: Long Island. ]

_Long Island_, which separates the Bay of _Despair_ from _Hermitage_, is of a triangular Form, about 8 Leagues in Circuit, of a tolerableHeight, is hilly, uneven and barren. The East Entrance into the Bay of_Despair_ from _Hermitage Bay_, is by the West-end of _Long Island_;about half a Mile from the S. W. Point of the said Island, are twoRocks above Water, with deep Water all round them. 

[Sidenote: Long Island Harbour. ]

This Harbour lies on the South-side of _Long Island_, 2 Miles and ahalf from the West-end; before which is an Island, and several Rocksabove Water, there is a narrow Passage into the Harbour on each Sideof the Island; this Harbour is formed by two Arms, one laying into theNorth, and the other to the Eastward; they are both very narrow, andhave in them from 42 to 7 Fathom Water; the East Arm is the deepest, and the best Anchorage. 

[Sidenote: Round Harbour. ]

This Harbour, wherein is 6 Fathom Water, lies near 2 Miles to the E. Ward of _Long Island Harbour_, is also in _Long-Island_; it will onlyadmit very small Vessels, by reason the Channel going in is verynarrow. 

[Sidenote: Picarre. ]

_Harbour Picarre_ lies N. By W. Half a League from _Little FoxIsland_, (which is the Westermost of _Fox Islands_) to sail into ityou must keep near the West-point to avoid some sunken Rocks off theother, and anchor in the first Cove on the East-side in 9 or 10Fathom, sheltered from all Winds. 

[Sidenote: Galtaus. ]

This Harbour, which is but small, lies near the East-point of_Long-Island_; at the Entrance is several rocky Islands. The bestChannel into the Harbour is on the West-side of these Islands, whereinis 4 Fathom Water, but in the harbour is from 15 to 24 Fathom. Hereare several Places proper for erecting of Stages; and both thisHarbour and _Picarre_ are conveniently situated for a Fishery, theylaying contiguous to the Fishing Ground about _Fox Islands_. 

[Sidenote: Passage of Long Island]

Between the East-end of _Long Island_ and the Main, is a very goodPassage out of _Hermitage Bay_, into the Bay of _Despair_. 

Description of the Bay of _Despair_. 

The Entrance of the Bay of _Despair_ lies between the West-end of_Long Island_ and _Great Jervis Island_, (an Island in the Mouth ofthe Harbour of the same Name) the Distance from one to the other is 1Mile and a Quarter, and in the Middle between them is no Soundingswith 280 Fathoms. 

[Sidenote: Great Jervis Island. ]

_Great Jervis Harbour_ is situated at the West Entrance into the Bayof _Despair_ is a snug and safe Harbour, with good Anchorage in everyPart of it, in 16, 18 or 20 Fathom, though but small will contain agreat Number of Shipping, securely sheltered from all Winds, and veryconvenient for wooding and watering. There is a Passage into thisHarbour on either Side of _Great Jervis Island_, the southermost isthe safest, there being in it no Danger but the Shore itself. To sailin on the North-side of the Island, you must keep in the middle of thePassage, until you are within two small Rocks above Water near to eachother on your Starboard-side, a little within the North Point of thePassage; you must then bring the said North Point between these Rocks, and steer into the Harbour, in that Directions will carry you clear ofsome sunken Rocks which lie off the West Point of the Island; theseRocks appear at Low-water. The Entrance into this Harbour may be knownby the East-end of _Great Jervis Island_, which is a high steep craggyPoint, called _Great Jervis Head_, and is the North Point of the SouthEntrance into the Harbour. 

[Sidenote: North Bay. ]

This is an Arm of the Bay of _Despair_, which extends to the Northward5 Leagues from _Great Jervis Island_. In this Bay is very deep Water, and no Anchorage but in the small Bays and Coves which are on eachSide of it. At the Head of the Bay of the East, which is an Arm of theNorth Bay, is a very fine Salmon River, and plenty of various Sorts ofWood. 

[Sidenote: Eagle Island. ]

To the Northward of _Long Island_, the Bay of _Despair_ extends itselfto the NE. About 8 Leagues, whereon are several Arms and Islands. Thefirst is _Eagle Island_ laying on the North-side of _Long Island_, about half a Cable's Length from the Shore; a little to the Eastwardof it is a small Cove, wherein small Vessels can Anchor in 5 FathomWater; off the E. Point of this Cove are some sunken Rocks, theoutermost of which lay a quarter of a Mile from the Shore, and appearsat half Ebb. 

[Sidenote: Frenchman's Harbour. ]

This harbour lies on the North-side of _Long Island_, 2 Miles above_Eagle Island_, in and before which Vessels may anchor in variousDepths of Water; about a Cable's length to the Eastward of the WestPoint of the Harbour is a sunken Rock whereon is 8 Feet Water; alittle way further to the Eastward is a small Island not far from theShore, near to which is a Rock that just Covers at high Water. 

[Sidenote: Isle Bois. ]

On the North-side of the Bay, opposite to _Long Island_, lies the_Isle Bois_, it is near 3 Leagues in Length, and of a tolerableHeight; the Passage on the North-side of it (called _Lampadois_Passage) is very safe, but very deep Water. 

[Sidenote: Fox Island. ]

This Island lies nearly in the middle of the Bay, between the East-endof the Isle of _Bois_ and _Long Island_, it is of a round Form, prettyhigh, and bold too all round. 

[Sidenote: Isle Riches. ]

The _Isle Riches_ lies off the East-end of the Isle of _Bois_, it isabout a Mile in Circuit, and pretty high; on the East-side of it aresome small Islands, and some sunken Rocks quite a-cross from theIsland to the Main, so that in sailing up the Bay of _Despair_, youmust leave this Island on your Starboard-side. 

[Sidenote: Little River. ]

This is an Arm of the Bay laying in to the Eastward from the Isle of_Riches_, it is very narrow, and counted a good Place for a SalmonFishery; its Banks are stored with various Sorts of Wood. 

[Sidenote: Bay Rotte. ]

This is a small Bay which lays North from the East-end of the Isle of_Bois_, in which are some sunken Rocks near the Head. 

[Sidenote: Bay of Conne. ]

From the Isle of _Riches_ the Bay extends itself to the Northwardabout five Miles, commonly called the Bay or River of _Conne_, thenbranches into two Arms, one still tending to the North, and the otherto the Eastward; the Water is very shallow for some Distance from theHead of both. About these Arms, and the Bay of _Conne_, are greatPlenty of all Sorts of Wood, common to this Country, such as Firr, Pine, Birch, Witch-Hasle, Spruce, _&c. _

[Sidenote: Observations. ]

All the Country about the Entrance into the Bay of _Despair_, and fora good Way up it is very mountainous and barren, but about the Head ofthe Bay it appears to be pretty level, and well cloathed with Wood. 

[Sidenote: On the Tides. ]

Between St. _Laurence_ and Point _May_, an ESE. Moon makes high Waterat the Islands of St. _Peters_ and _Miquelon_, and in all Parts of_Fortune Bay_ a S. E. Moon makes High Water. In the Bay of _Despair_ aSE. By S. Moon makes High Water; in all which Places it flows up anddown, or upon a perpendicular Spring Tides 7 or 8 Feet; but it must beobserved that they are every where greatly governed by the Winds andWeather. 

[Sidenote: Currents. ]

The Currents on the Sea Coasts from Cape _Chapeaurouge_ towards St. _Peter's_, sets generally to the SW. On the South-side of _FortuneBay_ it sets to the Eastward, and on the North-side to the Westward. 

[Sidenote: Winds. ]

The South West, and Westerly Winds generally blow in the Day duringthe Summer, and about the Evening they die away; and in the Night youhave Land Breezes or Calms. 

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