SEJANUS: HIS FALL

By Ben Jonson

Transcriber's note: This play is based on events that happened amillennium and a half before Jonson wrote it. Jonson added 247scholarly footnotes to this play; all were in Latin (exceptfor a scattering of Greek). They, and the Greek quotation whichforms Tiberius Caesar's tag line in Scene II, Act II, have beenelided. 

INTRODUCTION

THE greatest of English dramatists except Shakespeare, the firstliterary dictator and poet-laureate, a writer of verse, prose, satire, and criticism who most potently of all the men of his timeaffected the subsequent course of English letters: such was BenJonson, and as such his strong personality assumes an interest tous almost unparalleled, at least in his age. 

Ben Jonson came of the stock that was centuries after to give tothe world Thomas Carlyle; for Jonson's grandfather was ofAnnandale, over the Solway, whence he migrated to England. Jonson's father lost his estate under Queen Mary, "having been castinto prison and forfeited. " He entered the church, but died amonth before his illustrious son was born, leaving his widow andchild in poverty. Jonson's birthplace was Westminster, and thetime of his birth early in 1573. He was thus nearly ten yearsShakespeare's junior, and less well off, if a trifle better born. But Jonson did not profit even by this slight advantage. Hismother married beneath her, a wright or bricklayer, and Jonson wasfor a time apprenticed to the trade. As a youth he attracted theattention of the famous antiquary, William Camden, then usher atWestminster School, and there the poet laid the solid foundationsof his classical learning. Jonson always held Camden inveneration, acknowledging that to him he owed, "All that I am in arts, all that I know:"

and dedicating his first dramatic success, "Every Man in HisHumour, " to him. It is doubtful whether Jonson ever went to eitheruniversity, though Fuller says that he was "statutably admittedinto St. John's College, Cambridge. " He tells us that he took nodegree, but was later "Master of Arts in both the universities, bytheir favour, not his study. " When a mere youth Jonson enlisted asa soldier trailing his pike in Flanders in the protracted wars ofWilliam the Silent against the Spanish. Jonson was a large andraw-boned lad; he became by his own account in time exceedinglybulky. In chat with his friend William Drummond of Hawthornden, Jonson told how "in his service in the Low Countries he had, in theface of both the camps, killed an enemy, and taken 'opima spolia'from him;" and how "since his coming to England, being appealed tothe fields, he had killed his adversary which had hurt him in thearm and whose sword was ten inches longer than his. " Jonson'sreach may have made up for the lack of his sword; certainly hisprowess lost nothing in the telling. Obviously Jonson was brave, combative, and not averse to talking of himself and his doings. 

In 1592, Jonson returned from abroad penniless. Soon after hemarried, almost as early and quite as imprudently as Shakespeare. He told Drummond curtly that "his wife was a shrew, yet honest";for some years he lived apart from her in the household of LordAlbany. Yet two touching epitaphs among Jonson's 'Epigrams', "Onmy first daughter, " and "On my first son, " attest the warmth of thepoet's family affections. The daughter died in infancy, the son ofthe plague; another son grew up to manhood little credit to hisfather whom he survived. We know nothing beyond this of Jonson'sdomestic life. 

How soon Jonson drifted into what we now call grandly "thetheatrical profession" we do not know. In 1593 Marlowe made histragic exit from life, and Greene, Shakespeare's other rival on thepopular stage, had preceded Marlowe in an equally miserable deaththe year before. Shakespeare already had the running to himself. Jonson appears first in the employment of Philip Henslowe, theexploiter of several troupes of players, manager, and father-in-lawof the famous actor, Edward Alleyn. From entries in 'Henslowe'sDiary', a species of theatrical account book which has been handeddown to us, we know that Jonson was connected with the Admiral'smen; for he borrowed £4 of Henslowe, July 28, 1597, paying back 3s. 9d. On the same day on account of his "share" (in what is notaltogether clear); while later, on December 3, of the same year, Henslowe advanced 20s. To him "upon a book which he showed the plotunto the company which he promised to deliver unto the company atChristmas next. " In the next August Jonson was in collaborationwith Chettle and Porter in a play called "Hot Anger Soon Cold. "All this points to an association with Henslowe of some duration, as no mere tyro would be thus paid in advance upon mere promise. From allusions in Dekker's play, "Satiromastix, " it appears thatJonson, like Shakespeare, began life as an actor, and that he"ambled in a leather pitch by a play-wagon" taking at one time thepart of Hieronimo in Kyd's famous play, "The Spanish Tragedy. " Bythe beginning of 1598, Jonson, though still in needy circumstances, had begun to receive recognition. Francis Meres--well known forhis "Comparative Discourse of our English Poets with the Greek, Latin, and Italian Poets, " printed in 1598, and for his mentiontherein of a dozen plays of Shakespeare by title--accords to BenJonson a place as one of "our best in tragedy, " a matter of somesurprise, as no known tragedy of Jonson from so early a date hascome down to us. That Jonson was at work on tragedy, however, isproved by the entries in Henslowe of at least three tragedies, nowlost, in which he had a hand. These are "Page of Plymouth, " "KingRobert II. Of Scotland, " and "Richard Crookback. " But all of thesecame later, on his return to Henslowe, and range from August 1599to June 1602. 

Returning to the autumn of 1598, an event now happened to sever fora time Jonson's relations with Henslowe. In a letter to Alleyn, dated September 26 of that year, Henslowe writes: "I have lost oneof my company that hurteth me greatly; that is Gabriel [Spencer], for he is slain in Hogsden fields by the hands of Benjamin Jonson, bricklayer. " The last word is perhaps Henslowe's thrust at Jonsonin his displeasure rather than a designation of his actualcontinuance at his trade up to this time. It is fair to Jonson toremark however, that his adversary appears to have been a notoriousfire-eater who had shortly before killed one Feeke in a similarsquabble. Duelling was a frequent occurrence of the time amonggentlemen and the nobility; it was an imprudent breach of the peaceon the part of a player. This duel is the one which Jonsondescribed years after to Drummond, and for it Jonson was dulyarraigned at Old Bailey, tried, and convicted. He was sent toprison and such goods and chattels as he had "were forfeited. " Itis a thought to give one pause that, but for the ancient lawpermitting convicted felons to plead, as it was called, the benefitof clergy, Jonson might have been hanged for this deed. Thecircumstance that the poet could read and write saved him; and hereceived only a brand of the letter "T, " for Tyburn, on his leftthumb. While in jail Jonson became a Roman Catholic; but hereturned to the faith of the Church of England a dozen years later. 

On his release, in disgrace with Henslowe and his formerassociates, Jonson offered his services as a playwright toHenslowe's rivals, the Lord Chamberlain's company, in whichShakespeare was a prominent shareholder. A tradition of longstanding, though not susceptible of proof in a court of law, narrates that Jonson had submitted the manuscript of "Every Man inHis Humour" to the Chamberlain's men and had received from thecompany a refusal; that Shakespeare called him back, read the playhimself, and at once accepted it. Whether this story is true ornot, certain it is that "Every Man in His Humour" was accepted byShakespeare's company and acted for the first time in 1598, withShakespeare taking a part. The evidence of this is contained inthe list of actors prefixed to the comedy in the folio of Jonson'sworks, 1616. But it is a mistake to infer, because Shakespeare'sname stands first in the list of actors and the elder Kno'wellfirst in the 'dramatis personae', that Shakespeare took thatparticular part. The order of a list of Elizabethan players wasgenerally that of their importance or priority as shareholders inthe company and seldom if ever corresponded to the list ofcharacters. 

"Every Man in His Humour" was an immediate success, and with itJonson's reputation as one of the leading dramatists of his timewas established once and for all. This could have been by no meansJonson's earliest comedy, and we have just learned that he wasalready reputed one of "our best in tragedy. " Indeed, one ofJonson's extant comedies, "The Case is Altered, " but one neverclaimed by him or published as his, must certainly have preceded"Every Man in His Humour" on the stage. The former play may bedescribed as a comedy modelled on the Latin plays of Plautus. (Itcombines, in fact, situations derived from the "Captivi" and the"Aulularia" of that dramatist). But the pretty story of thebeggar-maiden, Rachel, and her suitors, Jonson found, not among theclassics, but in the ideals of romantic love which Shakespeare hadalready popularised on the stage. Jonson never again produced sofresh and lovable a feminine personage as Rachel, although in otherrespects "The Case is Altered" is not a conspicuous play, and, savefor the satirising of Antony Munday in the person of AntonioBalladino and Gabriel Harvey as well, is perhaps the leastcharacteristic of the comedies of Jonson. 

"Every Man in His Humour, " probably first acted late in the summerof 1598 and at the Curtain, is commonly regarded as an epoch-makingplay; and this view is not unjustified. As to plot, it tellslittle more than how an intercepted letter enabled a father tofollow his supposedly studious son to London, and there observe hislife with the gallants of the time. The real quality of thiscomedy is in its personages and in the theory upon which they areconceived. Ben Jonson had theories about poetry and the drama, andhe was neither chary in talking of them nor in experimenting withthem in his plays. This makes Jonson, like Dryden in his time, andWordsworth much later, an author to reckon with; particularly whenwe remember that many of Jonson's notions came for a timedefinitely to prevail and to modify the whole trend of Englishpoetry. First of all Jonson was a classicist, that is, he believedin restraint and precedent in art in opposition to the prevalentungoverned and irresponsible Renaissance spirit. Jonson believedthat there was a professional way of doing things which might bereached by a study of the best examples, and he found theseexamples for the most part among the ancients. To confine ourattention to the drama, Jonson objected to the amateurishness andhaphazard nature of many contemporary plays, and set himself to dosomething different; and the first and most striking thing that heevolved was his conception and practice of the comedy of humours. 

As Jonson has been much misrepresented in this matter, let us quotehis own words as to "humour. " A humour, according to Jonson, was abias of disposition, a warp, so to speak, in character by which

 "Some one peculiar quality Doth so possess a man, that it doth draw All his affects, his spirits, and his powers, In their confluctions, all to run one way. "

But continuing, Jonson is careful to add:

 "But that a rook by wearing a pied feather, The cable hat-band, or the three-piled ruff, A yard of shoe-tie, or the Switzers knot On his French garters, should affect a humour! O, it is more than most ridiculous. "

Jonson's comedy of humours, in a word, conceived of stagepersonages on the basis of a ruling trait or passion (a notablesimplification of actual life be it observed in passing); and, placing these typified traits in juxtaposition in their conflictand contrast, struck the spark of comedy. Downright, as his nameindicates, is "a plain squire"; Bobadill's humour is that of thebraggart who is incidentally, and with delightfully comic effect, acoward; Brainworm's humour is the finding out of things to the endof fooling everybody: of course he is fooled in the end himself. But it was not Jonson's theories alone that made the success of"Every Man in His Humour. " The play is admirably written and eachcharacter is vividly conceived, and with a firm touch based onobservation of the men of the London of the day. Jonson wasneither in this, his first great comedy (nor in any other play thathe wrote), a supine classicist, urging that English drama return toa slavish adherence to classical conditions. He says as to thelaws of the old comedy (meaning by "laws, " such matters as theunities of time and place and the use of chorus): "I see not then, but we should enjoy the same licence, or free power to illustrateand heighten our invention as they [the ancients] did; and not betied to those strict and regular forms which the niceness of a few, who are nothing but form, would thrust upon us. " "Every Man in HisHumour" is written in prose, a novel practice which Jonson had ofhis predecessor in comedy, John Lyly. Even the word "humour" seemsto have been employed in the Jonsonian sense by Chapman beforeJonson's use of it. Indeed, the comedy of humours itself is only aheightened variety of the comedy of manners which represents life, viewed at a satirical angle, and is the oldest and most persistentspecies of comedy in the language. None the less, Jonson's comedymerited its immediate success and marked out a definite course inwhich comedy long continued to run. To mention only Shakespeare'sFalstaff and his rout, Bardolph, Pistol, Dame Quickly, and therest, whether in "Henry IV. " or in "The Merry Wives of Windsor, "all are conceived in the spirit of humours. So are the captains, Welsh, Scotch, and Irish of "Henry V. , " and Malvolio especiallylater; though Shakespeare never employed the method of humours foran important personage. It was not Jonson's fault that many of hissuccessors did precisely the thing that he had reprobated, that is, degrade "the humour: into an oddity of speech, an eccentricity ofmanner, of dress, or cut of beard. " There was an anonymous playcalled "Every Woman in Her Humour. " Chapman wrote "A HumourousDay's Mirth, " Day, "Humour Out of Breath, " Fletcher later, "TheHumourous Lieutenant, " and Jonson, besides "Every Man Out of HisHumour, " returned to the title in closing the cycle of his comediesin "The Magnetic Lady or Humours Reconciled. "

With the performance of "Every Man Out of His Humour" in 1599, byShakespeare's company once more at the Globe, we turn a new page inJonson's career. Despite his many real virtues, if there is onefeature more than any other that distinguishes Jonson, it is hisarrogance; and to this may be added his self-righteousness, especially under criticism or satire. "Every Man Out of HisHumour" is the first of three "comical satires" which Jonsoncontributed to what Dekker called the 'poetomachia' or war of thetheatres as recent critics have named it. This play as a fabric ofplot is a very slight affair; but as a satirical picture of themanners of the time, proceeding by means of vivid caricature, couched in witty and brilliant dialogue and sustained by thatrighteous indignation which must lie at the heart of all truesatire--as a realisation, in short, of the classical ideal ofcomedy--there had been nothing like Jonson's comedy since the daysof Aristophanes. "Every Man in His Humour, " like the two playsthat follow it, contains two kinds of attack, the critical orgenerally satiric, levelled at abuses and corruptions in theabstract; and the personal, in which specific application is madeof all this in the lampooning of poets and others, Jonson'scontemporaries. The method of personal attack by actual caricatureof a person on the stage is almost as old as the drama. Aristophanes so lampooned Euripides in "The Acharnians" andSocrates in "The Clouds, " to mention no other examples; and inEnglish drama this kind of thing is alluded to again and again. What Jonson really did, was to raise the dramatic lampoon to anart, and make out of a casual burlesque and bit of mimicry adramatic satire of literary pretensions and permanency. With thearrogant attitude mentioned above and his uncommon eloquence inscorn, vituperation, and invective, it is no wonder that Jonsonsoon involved himself in literary and even personal quarrels withhis fellow-authors. The circumstances of the origin of this'poetomachia' are far from clear, and those who have written on thetopic, except of late, have not helped to make them clearer. Theorigin of the "war" has been referred to satirical references, apparently to Jonson, contained in "The Scourge of Villainy, " asatire in regular form after the manner of the ancients by JohnMarston, a fellow playwright, subsequent friend and collaborator ofJonson's. On the other hand, epigrams of Jonson have beendiscovered (49, 68, and 100) variously charging "playwright"(reasonably identified with Marston) with scurrility, cowardice, and plagiarism; though the dates of the epigrams cannot beascertained with certainty. Jonson's own statement of the matterto Drummond runs: "He had many quarrels with Marston, beat him, and took his pistol from him, wrote his 'Poetaster' on him; thebeginning[s] of them were that Marston represented him on thestage. "*

 [footnote] *The best account of this whole subject is to be found in the edition of 'Poetaster' and 'Satiromastrix' by J. H. Penniman in 'Belles Lettres Series' shortly to appear. See also his earlier work, 'The War of the Theatres', 1892, and the excellent contributions to the subject by H. C. Hart in 'Notes and Queries', and in his edition of Jonson, 1906. 

Here at least we are on certain ground; and the principals of thequarrel are known. "Histriomastix, " a play revised by Marston in1598, has been regarded as the one in which Jonson was thus"represented on the stage"; although the personage in question, Chrisogonus, a poet, satirist, and translator, poor but proud, andcontemptuous of the common herd, seems rather a complimentaryportrait of Jonson than a caricature. As to the personagesactually ridiculed in "Every Man Out of His Humour, " Carlo Buffonewas formerly thought certainly to be Marston, as he was describedas "a public scurrilous, and profane jester, " and elsewhere as thegrand scourge or second untruss [that is, satirist], of the time(Joseph Hall being by his own boast the first, and Marston's workbeing entitled "The Scourge of Villainy"). Apparently we must nowprefer for Carlo a notorious character named Charles Chester, ofwhom gossipy and inaccurate Aubrey relates that he was "a boldimpertinent fellow. . . A perpetual talker and made a noise like adrum in a room. So one time at a tavern Sir Walter Raleigh beatshim and seals up his mouth (that is his upper and nether beard)with hard wax. From him Ben Jonson takes his Carlo Buffone['i. E. ', jester] in 'Every Man in His Humour' ['sic']. " Is itconceivable that after all Jonson was ridiculing Marston, and thatthe point of the satire consisted in an intentional confusion of"the grand scourge or second untruss" with "the scurrilous andprofane" Chester?

We have digressed into detail in this particular case to exemplifythe difficulties of criticism in its attempts to identify theallusions in these forgotten quarrels. We are on sounder ground offact in recording other manifestations of Jonson's enmity. In "TheCase is Altered" there is clear ridicule in the character AntonioBalladino of Anthony Munday, pageant-poet of the city, translatorof romances and playwright as well. In "Every Man in His Humour"there is certainly a caricature of Samuel Daniel, accepted poet ofthe court, sonneteer, and companion of men of fashion. These menheld recognised positions to which Jonson felt his talents betterentitled him; they were hence to him his natural enemies. It seemsalmost certain that he pursued both in the personages of his satirethrough "Every Man Out of His Humour, " and "Cynthia's Revels, "Daniel under the characters Fastidious Brisk and Hedon, Munday asPuntarvolo and Amorphus; but in these last we venture on quagmireonce more. Jonson's literary rivalry of Daniel is traceable againand again, in the entertainments that welcomed King James on hisway to London, in the masques at court, and in the pastoral drama. As to Jonson's personal ambitions with respect to these two men, itis notable that he became, not pageant-poet, but chronologer to theCity of London; and that, on the accession of the new king, he camesoon to triumph over Daniel as the accepted entertainer of royalty. 

"Cynthia's Revels, " the second "comical satire, " was acted in 1600, and, as a play, is even more lengthy, elaborate, and impossiblethan "Every Man Out of His Humour. " Here personal satire seems tohave absorbed everything, and while much of the caricature isadmirable, especially in the detail of witty and trenchantlysatirical dialogue, the central idea of a fountain of self-love isnot very well carried out, and the persons revert at times toabstractions, the action to allegory. It adds to our wonder thatthis difficult drama should have been acted by the Children ofQueen Elizabeth's Chapel, among them Nathaniel Field with whomJonson read Horace and Martial, and whom he taught later how tomake plays. Another of these precocious little actors wasSalathiel Pavy, who died before he was thirteen, already famed fortaking the parts of old men. Him Jonson immortalised in one of thesweetest of his epitaphs. An interesting sidelight is this on thecharacter of this redoubtable and rugged satirist, that he shouldthus have befriended and tenderly remembered these littletheatrical waifs, some of whom (as we know) had been literallykidnapped to be pressed into the service of the theatre and whippedto the conning of their difficult parts. To the caricature ofDaniel and Munday in "Cynthia's Revels" must be added Anaides(impudence), here assuredly Marston, and Asotus (the prodigal), interpreted as Lodge or, more perilously, Raleigh. Crites, likeAsper-Macilente in "Every Man Out of His Humour, " is Jonson'sself-complaisant portrait of himself, the just, wholly admirable, and judicious scholar, holding his head high above the pack of theyelping curs of envy and detraction, but careless of their punyattacks on his perfections with only too mindful a neglect. 

The third and last of the "comical satires" is "Poetaster, " acted, once more, by the Children of the Chapel in 1601, and Jonson's onlyavowed contribution to the fray. According to the author's ownaccount, this play was written in fifteen weeks on a report thathis enemies had entrusted to Dekker the preparation of"Satiromastix, the Untrussing of the Humorous Poet, " a dramaticattack upon himself. In this attempt to forestall his enemiesJonson succeeded, and "Poetaster" was an immediate and deservedsuccess. While hardly more closely knit in structure than itsearlier companion pieces, "Poetaster" is planned to lead up to theludicrous final scene in which, after a device borrowed from the"Lexiphanes" of Lucian, the offending poetaster, Marston-Crispinus, is made to throw up the difficult words with which he hadoverburdened his stomach as well as overlarded his vocabulary. Inthe end Crispinus with his fellow, Dekker-Demetrius, is bound overto keep the peace and never thenceforward "malign, traduce, ordetract the person or writings of Quintus Horatius Flaccus [Jonson]or any other eminent man transcending you in merit. " One of themost diverting personages in Jonson's comedy is Captain Tucca. "His peculiarity" has been well described by Ward as "a buoyantblackguardism which recovers itself instantaneously from the mostcomplete exposure, and a picturesqueness of speech like that of awalking dictionary of slang. "

It was this character, Captain Tucca, that Dekker hit upon in hisreply, "Satiromastix, " and he amplified him, turning his abusivevocabulary back upon Jonson and adding "An immodesty to hisdialogue that did not enter into Jonson's conception. " It has beenheld, altogether plausibly, that when Dekker was engagedprofessionally, so to speak, to write a dramatic reply to Jonson, he was at work on a species of chronicle history, dealing with thestory of Walter Terill in the reign of William Rufus. This hehurriedly adapted to include the satirical characters suggested by"Poetaster, " and fashioned to convey the satire of his reply. Theabsurdity of placing Horace in the court of a Norman king is theresult. But Dekker's play is not without its palpable hits at thearrogance, the literary pride, and self-righteousness ofJonson-Horace, whose "ningle" or pal, the absurd Asinius Bubo, hasrecently been shown to figure forth, in all likelihood, Jonson'sfriend, the poet Drayton. Slight and hastily adapted as is"Satiromastix, " especially in a comparison with the better wroughtand more significant satire of "Poetaster, " the town awarded thepalm to Dekker, not to Jonson; and Jonson gave over in consequencehis practice of "comical satire. " Though Jonson was cited toappear before the Lord Chief Justice to answer certain charges tothe effect that he had attacked lawyers and soldiers in"Poetaster, " nothing came of this complaint. It may be suspectedthat much of this furious clatter and give-and-take was pureplaying to the gallery. The town was agog with the strife, and onno less an authority than Shakespeare ("Hamlet, " ii. 2), we learnthat the children's company (acting the plays of Jonson) did "soberattle the common stages. . . That many, wearing rapiers, areafraid of goose-quills, and dare scarce come thither. "

Several other plays have been thought to bear a greater or lesspart in the war of the theatres. Among them the most important isa college play, entitled "The Return from Parnassus, " dating1601-02. In it a much-quoted passage makes Burbage, as acharacter, declare: "Why here's our fellow Shakespeare puts themall down; aye and Ben Jonson, too. O that Ben Jonson is apestilent fellow; he brought up Horace, giving the poets a pill, but our fellow Shakespeare hath given him a purge that made himbewray his credit. " Was Shakespeare then concerned in this war ofthe stages? And what could have been the nature of this "purge"?Among several suggestions, "Troilus and Cressida" has been thoughtby some to be the play in which Shakespeare thus "put down" hisfriend, Jonson. A wiser interpretation finds the "purge" in"Satiromastix, " which, though not written by Shakespeare, wasstaged by his company, and therefore with his approval and underhis direction as one of the leaders of that company. 

The last years of the reign of Elizabeth thus saw Jonson recognisedas a dramatist second only to Shakespeare, and not second even tohim as a dramatic satirist. But Jonson now turned his talents tonew fields. Plays on subjects derived from classical story andmyth had held the stage from the beginning of the drama, so thatShakespeare was making no new departure when he wrote his "JuliusCaesar" about 1600. Therefore when Jonson staged "Sejanus, " threeyears later and with Shakespeare'scompany once more, he was onlyfollowing in the elder dramatist's footsteps. But Jonson's idea ofa play on classical history, on the one hand, and Shakespeare's andthe elder popular dramatists, on the other, were very different. Heywood some years before had put five straggling plays on thestage in quick succession, all derived from stories in Ovid anddramatised with little taste or discrimination. Shakespeare had afiner conception of form, but even he was contented to take all hisancient history from North's translation of Plutarch and dramatisehis subject without further inquiry. Jonson was a scholar and aclassical antiquarian. He reprobated this slipshod amateurishness, and wrote his "Sejanus" like a scholar, reading Tacitus, Suetonius, and other authorities, to be certain of his facts, his setting, andhis atmosphere, and somewhat pedantically noting his authorities inthe margin when he came to print. "Sejanus" is a tragedy ofgenuine dramatic power in which is told with discriminating tastethe story of the haughty favourite of Tiberius with his tragicaloverthrow. Our drama presents no truer nor more painstakingrepresentation of ancient Roman life than may be found in Jonson's"Sejanus" and "Catiline his Conspiracy, " which followed in 1611. Apassage in the address of the former play to the reader, in whichJonson refers to a collaboration in an earlier version, has led tothe surmise that Shakespeare may have been that "worthier pen. "There is no evidence to determine the matter. 

In 1605, we find Jonson in active collaboration with Chapman andMarston in the admirable comedy of London life entitled "EastwardHoe. " In the previous year, Marston had dedicated his"Malcontent, " in terms of fervid admiration, to Jonson; so that thewounds of the war of the theatres must have been long since healed. Between Jonson and Chapman there was the kinship of similarscholarly ideals. The two continued friends throughout life. "Eastward Hoe" achieved the extraordinary popularity represented ina demand for three issues in one year. But this was not dueentirely to the merits of the play. In its earliest version apassage which an irritable courtier conceived to be derogatory tohis nation, the Scots, sent both Chapman and Jonson to jail; butthe matter was soon patched up, for by this time Jonson hadinfluence at court. 

With the accession of King James, Jonson began his long andsuccessful career as a writer of masques. He wrote more masquesthan all his competitors together, and they are of an extraordinaryvariety and poetic excellence. Jonson did not invent the masque;for such premeditated devices to set and frame, so to speak, acourt ball had been known and practised in varying degrees ofelaboration long before his time. But Jonson gave dramatic valueto the masque, especially in his invention of the antimasque, acomedy or farcical element of relief, entrusted to professionalplayers or dancers. He enhanced, as well, the beauty and dignityof those portions of the masque in which noble lords and ladiestook their parts to create, by their gorgeous costumes and artisticgrouping and evolutions, a sumptuous show. On the mechanical andscenic side Jonson had an inventive and ingenious partner in InigoJones, the royal architect, who more than any one man raised thestandard of stage representation in the England of his day. Jonsoncontinued active in the service of the court in the writing ofmasques and other entertainments far into the reign of KingCharles; but, towards the end, a quarrel with Jones embittered hislife, and the two testy old men appear to have become not only aconstant irritation to each other, but intolerable bores at court. In "Hymenaei, " "The Masque of Queens, " "Love Freed from Ignorance, ""Lovers made Men, " "Pleasure Reconciled to Virtue, " and many morewill be found Jonson's aptitude, his taste, his poetry andinventiveness in these by-forms of the drama; while in "The Masqueof Christmas, " and "The Gipsies Metamorphosed" especially, isdiscoverable that power ofbroad comedy which, at court as well asin the city, was not the least element of Jonson's contemporarypopularity. 

But Jonson had by no means given up the popular stage when heturned to the amusement of King James. In 1605 "Volpone" wasproduced, "The Silent Woman" in 1609, "The Alchemist" in thefollowing year. These comedies, with "Bartholomew Fair, " 1614, represent Jonson at his height, and for constructive cleverness, character successfully conceived in the manner of caricature, witand brilliancy of dialogue, they stand alone in English drama. "Volpone, or the Fox, " is, in a sense, a transition play from thedramatic satires of the war of the theatres to the purer comedyrepresented in the plays named above. Its subject is a struggle ofwit applied to chicanery; for among its 'dramatis personae', fromthe villainous Fox himself, his rascally servant Mosca, Voltore(the vulture), Corbaccio and Corvino (the big and the littleraven), to Sir Politic Would-be and the rest, there is scarcely avirtuous character in the play. Question has been raised as towhether a story so forbidding can be considered a comedy, for, although the plot ends in the discomfiture and imprisonment of themost vicious, it involves no moral catastrophe. But Jonson was onsound historical ground, for "Volpone" is conceived far morelogically on the lines of the ancients' theory of comedy than wasever the romantic drama of Shakespeare, however repulsive we mayfind a philosophy of life that facilely divides the world into therogues and their dupes, and, identifying brains with roguery andinnocence with folly, admires the former while inconsistentlypunishing them. 

"The Silent Woman" is a gigantic farce of the most ingeniousconstruction. The whole comedy hinges on a huge joke, played by aheartless nephew on his misanthropic uncle, who is induced to taketo himself a wife, young, fair, and warranted silent, but who, inthe end, turns out neither silent nor a woman at all. In "TheAlchemist, " again, we have the utmost cleverness in construction, the whole fabric building climax on climax, witty, ingenious, andso plausibly presented that we forget its departures from thepossibilities of life. In "The Alchemist" Jonson represented, nonethe less to the life, certain sharpers of the metropolis, revellingin their shrewdness and rascality and in the variety of thestupidity and wickedness of their victims. We may object to thefact that the only person in the play possessed of a scruple ofhonesty is discomfited, and that the greatest scoundrel of all isapproved in the end and rewarded. The comedy is so admirablywritten and contrived, the personages stand out with such lifelikedistinctness in their several kinds, and the whole is animated withsuch verve and resourcefulness that "The Alchemist" is a new marvelevery time it is read. Lastly of this group comes the tremendouscomedy, "Bartholomew Fair, " less clear cut, less definite, and lessstructurally worthy of praise than its three predecessors, but fullof the keenest and cleverest of satire and inventive to a degreebeyond any English comedy save some other of Jonson's own. It isin "Bartholomew Fair" that we are presented to the immortalcaricature of the Puritan, Zeal-in-the-Land Busy, and theLittlewits that group about him, and it is in this extraordinarycomedy that the humour of Jonson, always open to this danger, loosens into the Rabelaisian mode that so delighted King James in"The Gipsies Metamorphosed. " Another comedy of less merit is "TheDevil is an Ass, " acted in 1616. It was the failure of this playthat caused Jonson to give over writing for the public stage for aperiod of nearly ten years. 

"Volpone" was laid as to scene in Venice. Whether because of thesuccess of "Eastward Hoe" or for other reasons, the other threecomedies declare in the words of the prologue to "The Alchemist":

"Our scene is London, 'cause we would make knownNo country's mirth is better than our own. "

Indeed Jonson went further when he came to revise his plays forcollected publication in his folio of 1616, he transferred thescene of "Every Man in His Humou r" from Florence to London also, converting Signior Lorenzo di Pazzi to Old Kno'well, Prospero toMaster Welborn, and Hesperida to Dame Kitely "dwelling i' the OldJewry. "

In his comedies of London life, despite his trend towardscaricature, Jonson has shown himself a genuine realist, drawingfrom the life about him with an experience and insight rare in anygeneration. A happy comparison has been suggested between BenJonson and Charles Dickens. Both were men of the people, lowlyborn and hardly bred. Each knew the London of his time as few menknew it; and each represented it intimately and in elaboratedetail. Both men were at heart moralists, seeking the truth by theexaggerated methods of humour and caricature; perverse, evenwrong-headed at times, but possessed of a true pathos and largenessof heart, and when all has been said--though the Elizabethan ran tosatire, the Victorian to sentimentality--leaving the world betterfor the art that they practised in it. 

In 1616, the year of the death of Shakespeare, Jonson collected hisplays, his poetry, and his masques for publication in a collectiveedition. This was an unusual thing at the time and had beenattempted by no dramatist before Jonson. This volume published, ina carefully revised text, all the plays thus far mentioned, excepting "The Case is Altered, " which Jonson did not acknowledge, "Bartholomew Fair, " and "The Devil is an Ass, " which was writtentoo late. It included likewise a book of some hundred and thirtyodd 'Epigrams', in which form of brief and pungent writing Jonsonwas an acknowledged master; "The Forest, " a smaller collection oflyric and occasional verse and some ten 'Masques' and'Entertainments'. In this same year Jonson was made poet laureatewith a pension of one hundred marks a year. This, with his feesand returns from several noblemen, and the small earnings of hisplays must have formed the bulk of his income. The poet appears tohave done certain literary hack-work for others, as, for example, parts of the Punic Wars contributed to Raleigh's 'History of theWorld'. We know from a story, little to the credit of either, thatJonson accompanied Raleigh's son abroad in the capacity of a tutor. In 1618 Jonson was granted the reversion of the office of Master ofthe Revels, a post for which he was peculiarly fitted; but he didnot live to enjoy its perquisites. Jonson was honoured withdegrees by both universities, though when and under whatcircumstances is not known. It has been said that he narrowlyescaped the honour of knighthood, which the satirists of the dayaverred King James was wont to lavish with an indiscriminate hand. Worse men were made knights in his day than worthy Ben Jonson. 

From 1616 to the close of the reign of King James, Jonson producednothing for the stage. But he "prosecuted" what he calls "hiswonted studies" with such assiduity that he became in reality, asby report, one of the most learned men of his time. Jonson'stheory of authorship involved a wide acquaintance with books and"an ability, " as he put it, "to convert the substance or riches ofanother poet to his own use. " Accordingly Jonson read not only theGreek and Latin classics down to the lesser writers, but heacquainted himself especially with the Latin writings of hislearned contemporaries, their prose as well as their poetry, theirantiquities and curious lore as well as their more solid learning. Though a poor man, Jonson was an indefatigable collector of books. He told Drummond that "the Earl of Pembroke sent him £20 everyfirst day of the new year to buy new books. " Unhappily, in 1623, his library was destroyed by fire, an accident serio-comicallydescribed in his witty poem, "An Execration upon Vulcan. " Yet evennow a book turns up from time to time in which is inscribed, infair large Italian lettering, the name, Ben Jonson. With respectto Jonson's use of his material, Dryden said memorably of him:"[He] was not only a professed imitator of Horace, but a learnedplagiary of all the others; you track him everywhere in their snow. . . . But he has done his robberies so openly that one sees hefears not to be taxed by any law. He invades authors like amonarch, and what would be theft in other poets is only victory inhim. " And yet it is but fair to say that Jonson prided himself, and justly, on his originality. In "Catiline, " he not only usesSallust's account of the conspiracy, but he models some of thespeeches of Cicero on the Roman orator's actual words. In"Poetaster, " he lifts a whole satire out of Horace and dramatisesit effectively for his purposes. The sophist Libanius suggests thesituation of "The Silent Woman"; a Latin comedy of Giordano Bruno, "Il Candelaio, " the relation of the dupes and the sharpers in "TheAlchemist, " the "Mostellaria" of Plautus, its admirable openingscene. But Jonson commonly bettered his sources, and putting thestamp of his sovereignty on whatever bullion he borrowed made itthenceforward to all time current and his own. 

The lyric and especially the occasional poetry of Jonson has apeculiar merit. His theory demanded design and the perfection ofliterary finish. He was furthest from the rhapsodist and thecareless singer of an idle day; and he believed that Apollo couldonly be worthily served in singing robes and laurel crowned. Andyet many of Jonson's lyrics will live as long as the language. Whodoes not know "Queen and huntress, chaste and fair. " "Drink to meonly with thine eyes, " or "Still to be neat, still to be dressed"?Beautiful in form, deft and graceful in expression, with not a wordtoo much or one that bears not its part in the total effect, thereis yet about the lyrics of Jonson a certain stiffness andformality, a suspicion that they were not quite spontaneous andunbidden, but that they were carved, so to speak, withdisproportionate labour by a potent man of letters whose habitualthought is on greater things. It is for these reasons that Jonsonis even better in the epigram and in occasional verse whererhetorical finish and pointed wit less interfere with thespontaneity and emotion which we usually associate with lyricalpoetry. There are no such epitaphs as Ben Jonson's, witness thecharming ones on his own children, on Salathiel Pavy, thechild-actor, and many more; and this even though the rigid law ofmine and thine must now restore to William Browne of Tavistock thefamous lines beginning: "Underneath this sable hearse. " Jonson isunsurpassed, too, in the difficult poetry of compliment, seldomfalling into fulsome praise and disproportionate similtude, yetshowing again and again a generous appreciation of worth in others, a discriminating taste and a generous personal regard. There wasno man in England of his rank so well known and universally belovedas Ben Jonson. The list of his friends, of those to whom he hadwritten verses, and those who had written verses to him, includesthe name of every man of prominence in the England of King James. And the tone of many of these productions discloses an affectionatefamiliarity that speaks for the amiable personality and sound worthof the laureate. In 1619, growing unwieldy through inactivity, Jonson hit upon the heroic remedy of a journey afoot to Scotland. On his way thither and back he was hospitably received at thehouses of many friends and by those to whom his friends hadrecommended him. When he arrived in Edinburgh, the burgesses metto grant him the freedom of the city, and Drummond, foremost ofScottish poets, was proud to entertain him for weeks as his guestat Hawthornden. Some of the noblest of Jonson's poems wereinspired by friendship. Such is the fine "Ode to the memory of SirLucius Cary and Sir Henry Moryson, " and that admirable piece ofcritical insight and filial affection, prefixed to the firstShakespeare folio, "To the memory of my beloved master, WilliamShakespeare, and what he hath left us. " to mention only these. Norcan the earlier "Epode, " beginning "Not to know vice at all, " bematchedin stately gravity and gnomic wisdom in its own wise andstately age. 

But if Jonson had deserted the stage after the publication of hisfolio and up to the end of the reign of King James, he was far frominactive; for year after year his inexhaustible inventivenesscontinued to contribute to the masquing and entertainment at court. In "The Golden Age Restored, " Pallas turns from the Iron Age withits attendant evils into statues which sink out of sight; in"Pleasure Reconciled to Virtue, " Atlas figures represented as anold man, his shoulders covered with snow, and Comus, "the god ofcheer or the belly, " is one of the characters, a circumstance whichan imaginative boy of ten, named John Milton, was not to forget. "Pan's Anniversary, " late in the reign of James, proclaimed thatJonson had not yet forgotten how to write exquisite lyrics, and"The Gipsies Metamorphosed" displayed the old drollery and broadhumorous stroke still unimpaired and unmatchable. These, too, andthe earlier years of Charles were the days of the Apollo Room ofthe Devil Tavern where Jonson presided, the absolute monarch ofEnglish literary Bohemia. We hear of a room blazoned about withJonson's own judicious 'Leges Convivales' in letters of gold, of acompany made up of the choicest spirits of the time, devotedlyattached to their veteran dictator, his reminiscences, opinions, affections, and enmities. And we hear, too, of valorous potations;but in the words of Herrick addressed to his master, Jonson, at theDevil Tavern, as at the Dog, the Triple Tun, and at the Mermaid, "We such clusters had As made us nobly wild, not mad, And yet each verse of thine Outdid the meat, outdid the frolic wine. "

But the patronage of the court failed in the days of King Charles, though Jonson was not without royal favours; and the old poetreturned to the stage, producing, between 1625 and 1633, "TheStaple of News, " "The New Inn, " "The Magnetic Lady, " and "The Taleof a Tub, " the last doubtless revised from a much earlier comedy. None of these plays met with any marked success, although thescathing generalisation of Dryden that designated them "Jonson'sdotages" is unfair to their genuine merits. Thus the idea of anoffice for the gathering, proper dressing, and promulgation of news(wild flight of the fancy in its time) was an excellent subject forsatire on the existing absurdities among the newsmongers; althoughas much can hardly be said for "The Magnetic Lady, " who, in herbounty, draws to her personages of differing humours to reconcilethem in the end according to the alternative title, or "HumoursReconciled. " These last plays of the old dramatist revert tocaricature and the hard lines of allegory; the moralist is morethan ever present, the satire degenerates into personal lampoon, especially of his sometime friend, Inigo Jones, who appearsunworthily to have used his influence at court against thebroken-down old poet. And now disease claimed Jonson, and he wasbedridden for months. He had succeeded Middleton in 1628 asChronologer to the City of London, but lost the post for notfulfilling its duties. King Charles befriended him, and evencommissioned him to write still for the entertainment of the court;and he was not without the sustaining hand of noble patrons anddevoted friends among the younger poets who were proud to be"sealed of the tribe of Ben. "

Jonson died, August 6, 1637, and a second folio of his works, whichhe had been some time gathering, was printed in 1640, bearing inits various parts dates ranging from 1630 to 1642. It included allthe plays mentioned in the foregoing paragraphs, excepting "TheCase is Altered;" the masques, some fifteen, that date between 1617and 1630; another collection of lyrics and occasional poetry called"Underwoods, including some further entertainments; a translationof "Horace's Art of Poetry" (also published in a vicesimo quarto in1640), and certain fragments and ingatherings which the poet wouldhardly have included himself. These last comprise the fragment(less than seventy lines) of a tragedy called "Mortimer his Fall, "and three acts of a pastoral drama of much beauty and poeticspirit, "The Sad Shepherd. " There is also the exceedinglyinteresting 'English Grammar' "made by Ben Jonson for the benefitof all strangers out of his observation of the English language nowspoken and in use, " in Latin and English; and 'Timber, ordiscoveries' "made upon men and matter as they have flowed out ofhis daily reading, or had their reflux to his peculiar notion ofthe times. " The 'Discoveries', as it is usually called, is acommonplace book such as many literary men have kept, in whichtheir reading was chronicled, passages that took their fancytranslated or transcribed, and their passing opinions noted. Manypassage of Jonson's 'Discoveries' are literal translations from theauthors he chanced to be reading, with the reference, noted or not, as the accident of the moment prescribed. At times he follows theline of Macchiavelli's argument as to the nature and conduct ofprinces; at others he clarifies his own conception of poetry andpoets by recourse to Aristotle. He finds a choice paragraph oneloquence in Seneca the elder and applies it to his ownrecollection of Bacon's power as an orator; and another on facileand ready genius, and translates it, adapting it to hisrecollection of his fellow-playwright, Shakespeare. To call suchpassages--which Jonson never intended for publication--plagiarism, is to obscure the significance of words. To disparage his memoryby citing them is a preposterous use of scholarship. Jonson'sprose, both in his dramas, in the descriptive comments of hismasques, and in the 'Discoveries', is characterised by clarity andvigorous directness, nor is it wanting in a fine sense of form orin the subtler graces of diction. 

When Jonson died there was a project for a handsome monument to hismemory. But the Civil War was at hand, and the project failed. Amemorial, not insufficient, was carved on the stone covering hisgrave in one of the aisles of Westminster Abbey:

 "O rare Ben Jonson. "

FELIX E. SCHELLING. 

THE COLLEGE, PHILADELPHIA, U. S. A. 

COMPLETE LIST OF HIS PUBLISHED WORKS:--

DRAMAS. --

 Every Man in his Humour, 4to, 1601; The Case is Altered, 4to, 1609; Every Man out of his Humour, 4to, 1600; Cynthia's Revels, 4to, 1601; Poetaster, 4to, 1602; Sejanus, 4to, 1605; Eastward Ho (with Chapman and Marston), 4to, 1605; Volpone, 4to, 1607; Epicoene, or the Silent Woman, 4to, 1609 (?), fol. , 1616; The Alchemist, 4to, 1612; Catiline, his Conspiracy, 4to, 1611; Bartholomew Fayre, 4to, 1614 (?), fol. , 1631; The Divell is an Asse, fol. , 1631; The Staple of Newes, fol. , 1631; The New Sun, 8vo, 1631, fol. , 1692; The Magnetic Lady, or Humours Reconcild, fol. , 1640; A Tale of a Tub, fol. , 1640; The Sad Shepherd, or a Tale of Robin Hood, fol. , 1641; Mortimer his Fall (fragment), fol. , 1640. 

To Jonson have also been attributed additions to Kyd's Jeronymo, and collaboration in The Widow with Fletcher and Middleton, and inthe Bloody Brother with Fletcher. 

POEMS. --

 Epigrams, The Forrest, Underwoods, published in fols. , 1616, 1640; Selections: Execration against Vulcan, and Epigrams, 1640; G. Hor. Flaccus his art of Poetry, Englished by Ben Jonson, 1640; Leges Convivialis, fol. , 1692. Other minor poems first appeared in Gifford's edition of Works. 

PROSE. --

 Timber, or Discoveries made upon Men and Matter, fol. , 1641; The English Grammar, made by Ben Jonson for the benefit of Strangers, fol. , 1640. 

Masques and Entertainments were published in the early folios. 

WORKS. --

 Fol. , 1616, vol. 2, 1640 (1631-41); fol. , 1692, 1716-19, 1729; edited by P. Whalley, 7 vols. , 1756; by Gifford (with Memoir), 9 vols. , 1816, 1846; re-edited by F. Cunningham, 3 vols. , 1871; in 9 vols. , 1875; by Barry Cornwall (with Memoir), 1838; by B. Nicholson (Mermaid Series), with Introduction by C. H. Herford, 1893, etc. ; Nine Plays, 1904; ed. H. C. Hart (Standard Library), 1906, etc; Plays and Poems, with Introduction by H. Morley (Universal Library), 1885; Plays (7) and Poems (Newnes), 1905; Poems, with Memoir by H. Bennett (Carlton Classics), 1907; Masques and Entertainments, ed. By H. Morley, 1890. 

SELECTIONS. --

 J. A. Symonds, with Biographical and Critical Essay, (Canterbury Poets), 1886; Grosart, Brave Translunary Things, 1895; Arber, Jonson Anthology, 1901; Underwoods, Cambridge University Press, 1905; Lyrics (Jonson, Beaumont and Fletcher), the Chap Books, No. 4, 1906; Songs (from Plays, Masques, etc. ), with earliest known setting, Eragny Press, 1906. 

LIFE. --

 See Memoirs affixed to Works; J. A. Symonds (English Worthies), 1886; Notes of Ben Jonson Conversations with Drummond of Hawthornden; Shakespeare Society, 1842; ed. With Introduction and Notes by P. Sidney, 1906; Swinburne, A Study of Ben Jonson, 1889. 

SEJANUS: HIS FALL

TO THE NO LESS NOBLE BY VIRTUE THAN BLOOD

ESME LORD AUBIGNY

My LORD, -If ever any ruin were so great as to survive, I think thisbe one I send you, The Fall of Sejanus. It is a poem, that, if Iwell remember, in your lordship's sight, suffered no less violencefrom our people here, than the subject of it did from the rage ofthe people of Rome; but with a different fate, as, I hope, merit:for this hath outlived their malice, and begot itself a greaterfavour than he lost, the love of good men. Amongst whom, if I makeyour lordship the first it thanks, it is not without a just, confession of the bond your benefits have, and ever shall hold uponme, Your lordship's most faithful honourer. BEN JONSON. 

TO THE READERS

THE following and voluntary labours of my friends, prefixed to mybook, have relieved me in much whereat, without them, I shouldnecessarily have touched. Now I will only use three or four shortand needful notes, and so rest. 

First, if it be objected, that what I publish is no true poem, inthe strict laws of time, I confess it: as also in the want of aproper chorus; whose habit and moods are such and so difficult, asnot any, whom I have seen, since the ancients, no, not they whohave most presently affected laws, have yet come in the way of. Noris it needful, or almost possible in these our times, and to suchauditors as commonly things are presented, to observe the old stateand splendour of dramatic poems, with preservation of any populardelight. But of this I shall take more seasonable cause to speak, in my observations upon Horace his Art of Poetry, which, with thetext translated, I intend shortly to publish. In the mean time, ifin truth of argument, dignity of persons, gravity and height ofelocution, fulness and frequency of sentence, I have discharged theother offices of a tragic writer, let not the absence of theseforms be imputed to me, wherein I shall give you occasionhereafter, and without my boast, to think I could better prescribe, than omit the due use for want of a convenient knowledge. 

The next is, lest in some nice nostril the quotations might savouraffected, I do let you know, that I abhor nothing more; and I haveonly done it to shew my integrity in the story, and save myself inthose common torturers that bring all wit to the rack; whose nosesare ever like swine, spoiling and rooting up the Muses' gardens;and their whole bodies like moles, as blindly working under earth, to cast any, the least, hills upon virtue. Whereas they are inLatin, and the work in English, it was presupposed none but thelearned would take the pains to confer them: the authors themselvesbeing all in the learned tongues, save one, with whose English sideI have had little to do. To which it may be required, since I havequoted the page, to name what editions I followed: Tacit. Lips. Inquarto, Antwerp, edit. 1600; Dio. Folio, Hen. Steph. 1592. For therest, as Sueton, Seneca, etc. , the chapter doth sufficientlydirect, or the edition is not varied. 

Lastly, I would inform you, that this book, in all numbers, is notthe same with that which was acted on the public stage; wherein asecond: pen had good share: in place of which, I have rather chosento put weaker, and no doubt, less pleasing, of mine own, than todefraud so happy a genius of his right by my loathed usurpation. 

Fare you well, and if you read farther of me, and like, I shall notbe afraid of it, though you praise me out. 

 Neque enim mihi cornea fibra est. 

But that I should plant my felicity in your general saying, good, or well, etc. , were a weakness which the better sort of you mightworthily contemn, if not absolutely hate me for. 

 BEN JONSON; and no such, Quem Palma negata macrum, donata reducit opimum. 

THE ARGUMENT

AELIUS SEJANUS, son to Seius Strabo, a gentleman of Rome, and bornat Vulsinium; after his long service in court, first underAugustus; afterward, Tiberius; grew into that favour with thelatter, and won him by those arts, as there wanted nothing but thename to make him a co-partner of the empire. Which greatness ofhis, Drusus, the emperor's son, not brooking; after many smothereddislikes, it one day breaking out, the prince struck him publiclyon the face. To revenge which disgrace, Livia, the wife of Drusus(being before corrupted by him to her dishonour, and the discoveryof her husband's counsels) Sejanus practiseth with, together withher physician called Eudemus, and one Lygdus an eunuch, to poisonDrusus. This their inhuman act having successful and unsuspectedpassage, it emboldeneth Sejanus to further and more insolentprojects, even the ambition of the empire; where finding the letshe must encounter to be many and hard, in respect of the issue ofGermanicus, who were next in hope for the succession, he devisethto make Tiberius' self his means, and instils into his ears manydoubts and suspicions, both against the princes, and their motherAgrippina; which Caesar jealously hearkening to, as covetouslyconsenteth to their ruin, and their friends. In this time, thebetter to mature and strengthen his design, Sejanus labours tomarry Livia, and worketh with all his ingine, to remove Tiberiusfrom the knowledge of public business, with allurements of a quietand retired life; the latter of which, Tiberius, out of a pronenessto lust, and a desire to hide those unnatural pleasures which hecould not so publicly practise, embraceth: the former enkindlethhis fears, and there gives him first cause of doubt or suspecttowards Sejanus: against whom he raiseth in private a newinstrument, one Sertorius Macro, and by him underworketh, discoversthe other's counsels, his means, his ends, sounds the affections ofthe senators, divides, distracts them: at last, when Sejanus leastlooketh, and is most secure with pretext of doing him an unwontedhonour in the senate, he trains him from his guards, and with along doubtful letter, one day hath him suspected, accused, condemned, and torn in pieces by the rage of the people. 

DRAMATIS PERSONAE

 TIBERIUS. HATERIUS. DRUSUS SENIOR. SANQUINIUS. NERO. POMPONIUS. DRUSUS JUNIOR. JULIUS POSTHUMUS. CALIGULA. FULCINIUS TRIO. LUCIUS ARRUNTIUS. MINUTIUS. CAIUS SILIUS. SATRIUS SECUNDUS. TITIUS SABINUS. PINNARIUS NATTA. MARCUS LEPIDUS. OPSIUS. CREMUTIUS CORDUS. Tribuni. ASINIUS GALLUS. Praecones. REGULUS. Flamen. TERENTIUS. Tubicines. GRACINUS LACO. Nuntius. EUDEMUS. Lictores. RUFUS. Minisri. SEJANUS. Tibicines. LATIARIS. Servi etc. VARRO. SERTORIUS MACRO. AGRIPPINA. COTTA. LIVIA. DOMITIUS AFER. SOSIA. 

SCENE, -ROME

ACT I

 SCENE I. -A State Room in the Palace. 

 Enter SABINUS and SILIUS, followed by LATIARIS. 

 Sab. Hail, Caius Silius!

 Sil. Titius Sabinus, hail! You're rarely met in court. 

 Sab. Therefore, well met. 

 Sil. 'Tis true: indeed, this place is not our sphere. 

 Sab. No, Silius, we are no good inginers. We want their fine arts, and their thriving use Should make us graced, or favour'd of the times: We have no shift of faces, no cleft tongues, No soft and glutinous bodies, that can stick, Like snails on painted walls; or, on our breasts, Creep up, to fall from that proud height, to which We did by slavery, not by service climb. We are no guilty men, and then no great; We have no place in court, office In state, That we can say, we owe unto our crimes: We burn with no black secrets, which can make Us dear to the pale authors; or live fear'd Of their still waking jealousies, to raise Ourselves a fortune, by subverting theirs. We stand not in the lines, that do advance To that so courted point. 

 Enter SATRIUS and NATTA, at a distance. 

 Sil. But yonder lean A pair that do. 

 Sab. [salutes Latiaris. ] Good cousin Latiaris. ----

 Sil. Satrius Secundus, and Pinnarius Natta, The great Sejanus' clients: there be two, Know more than honest counsels; whose close breasts, Were they ripp'd up to light, it would be found A poor and idle sin, to which their trunks Had not been made fit organs. These can lie, Flatter, and swear, forswear, deprave, inform, Smile, and betray; make guilty men; then beg The forfeit lives, to get their livings; cut Men's throats with whisperings; sell to gaping suitors The empty smoke, that flies about the palace; Laugh when their patron laughs; sweat when he sweats; Be hot and cold with him; change every mood, Habit, and garb, as often as he varies; Observe him, as his watch observes his clock; And, true, as turquoise in the dear lord's ring, Look well or ill with him: 6 ready to praise His lordship, if he spit, or but p---- fair, Have an indifferent stool, or break wind well; Nothing can 'scape their catch. 

 Sab. Alas! these things Deserve no note, conferr'd with other vile And filthier flatteries, that corrupt the times; When, not alone our gentries chief are fain To make their safety from such sordid acts; But all our consuls, and no little part Of such as have been praetors, yea, the most Of senators, that else not use their voices, Start up in public senate and there strive Who shall propound most abject things, and base. So much, as oft Tuberous hath been heard, Leaving the court, to cry, O race of men; Prepared for servitude!----which shew'd that he. Who least the public liberty could like, As lothly brook'd their flat servility. 

 Sil. Well, all is worthy of us, were it more, Who with our riots, pride, and civil hate, Have so provok'd the justice of the gods: We, that, within these fourscore years, were born Free, equal lords of the triumphed world, And knew no masters, but affections; To which betraying first our liberties, We since became the slaves to one man's lusts; And now to many: every minist'ring spy That will accuse and swear, is lord of you, Of me, of all our fortunes and our lives. Our looks are call'd to question, and our words, How innocent soever, are made crimes; We shall not shortly dare to tell our dreams, Or think, but 'twill be treason. Sab. Tyrants' arts Are to give flatterers grace; accusers, power; That those may seem to kill whom they devour. 

 Enter CORDUS and ARRUNTIUS. 

 Now, good Cremutius Cordus

 Cor. [salutes Sabinus] Hail to your lordship!

 Nat. [whispers Latiaris. ] Who's that salutes your cousin?

 Lat. 'Tis one Cordus, A gentleman of Rome: one that has writ Annals of late, they say, and very well. 

 Nat. Annals! of what times?

 Lat. I think of Pompey's, And Caius Caesar's; and so down to these. 

 Nat. How stands he affected to the present state! Is he or Drusian, or Germanic, Or ours, or neutral?

 Lat. I know him not so far. 

 Nat. Those times are somewhat queasy to be touch'd. Have you or seen, or heard part of his work?

 Lat. Not I; he means they shall be public shortly. 

 Nat. O, Cordus do you call him?

 Lat. Ay. [Exeunt Natta and Satrius

 Sab. But these our times Are not the same, Arruntius. 

 Arr. Times! the men, The men are not the same: 'tis we are base, Poor, and degenerate from the exalted strain Of our great fathers. Where is now the soul Of god-like Cato? he, that durst be good, When Caesar durst be evil; and had power, As not to live his slave, to die his master? Or where's the constant Brutus, that being proof Against all charm of benefits, did strike So brave a blow into the monster's heart That sought unkindly to captive his country? O, they are fled the light! Those mighty spirits Lie raked up with their ashes in their urns, And not a spark of their eternal fire Glows in a present bosom. All's but blaze, Flashes and smoke, wherewith we labour so, There's nothing Roman in us; nothing good, Gallant, or great: 'tis true that Cordus says, "Brave Cassius was the last of all that race. "

 Drusus passes over the stage, attended by HATERIUS, etc. 

 Sab. Stand by! lord Drusus. 

 Hat. The emperor's son! give place. 

 Sil. I like the prince well. 

 Arr. A riotous youth; There's little hope of him. 

 Sab. That fault his age Will, as it grows, correct. Methinks he bears Himself each day more nobly than other; And wins no less on men's affections, Than doth his father lose. Believe me, I love him; And chiefly for opposing to Sejanus. 

 Sil. And I, for gracing his young kinsmen so, The sons of prince Germanicus: it shews A gallant clearness in him, a straight mind, That envies not, in them, their father's name. 

 Arr. His name was, while he lived, above all envy; And, being dead, without it. O, that man! If there were seeds of the old virtue left, They lived in him. 

 Sil. He had the fruits, Arruntius, More than the seeds: Sabinus, and myself Had means to know him within; and can report him. We were his followers, he would call us friends; He was a man most like to virtue; in all, And every action, nearer to the gods, Than men, in nature; of a body as fair As was his mind; and no less reverend In face, than fame: he could so use his state, Tempering his greatness with his gravity, As it avoided all self-love in him, And spite in others. What his funerals lack'd In images and pomp, they had supplied With honourable sorrow, soldiers' sadness, A kind of silent mourning, such, as men, Who know no tears, but from their captives, use To shew in so great losses. 

 Cor. I thought once, Considering their forms, age, manner of deaths, The nearness of the places where they fell, To have parallel'd him with great Alexander: For both were of best feature, of high race, Year'd but to thirty, and, in foreign lands, By their own people alike made away. Sab, I know not, for his death, how you might wrest it: But, for his life, it did as much disdain Comparison, with that voluptuous, rash, Giddy, and drunken Macedon's, as mine Doth with my bondman's. All the good in him, His valour and his fortune, he made his; But he had other touches of late Romans, That more did speak him: Pompey's dignity, The innocence of Cato, Caesar's spirit, Wise Brutus' temperance; and every virtue, Which, parted unto others, gave them name, Flow'd mix'd in him. He was the soul of goodness; And all our praises of him are like streams Drawn from a spring, that still rise full, and leave The part remaining greatest. 

 Arr. I am sure He was too great for us, and that they knew Who did remove him hence. 

 Sab. When men grow fast Honour'd and loved. There is a trick in state, Which jealous princes never fail to use, How to decline that growth, with fair pretext, And honourable colours of employment, Either by embassy, the war, or such, To shift them forth into another air, Where they may purge and lessen; so was he: And had his seconds there, sent by Tiberius, And his more subtile dam, to discontent him; To breed and cherish mutinies; detract His greatest actions; give audacious check To his commands; and work to put him out In open act of treason. All which snares When his wise cares prevented, a fine poison Was thought on, to mature their practices. 

 Enter SEJANUS talking to TERENTIUS, followed by SATRlUS, NATTA, etc. 

 Cor. Here comes Sejanus. 

 Sil. Now observe the stoops, The bendings, and the falls. 

 Arr. Most creeping base!

 Sej. [to Natta. ] I note them well: no more. Say you?

 Sat. My lord, There is a gentleman of Rome would buy-

 Sej. How call you him you talk'd with?

 Sat. Please your lordship, It is Eudemus, the physician to Livia, Drusus' wife. 

 Sej. On with your suit. Would buy, you said-

 Sat. A tribune's place, my lord. 

 Sej. What will he give?

 Sat. Fifty sestertia. 

 Sej. Livia's physician, say you, is that fellow?

 Sat. It is, my lord: Your lordship's answer. 

 Sej. To what?

 Sat. The place, my lord. 'Tis for a gentleman Your lordship will well like of, when you see him; And one, that you may make yours, by the grant. 

 Sej. Well, let him bring his money, and his name. 

 Sat. 'Thank your lordship. He shall, my lord. 

 Sej. Come hither. Know you this same Eudemus? is he learn'd?

 Sat. Reputed so, my lord, and of deep practice. 

 Sej. Bring him in, to me, in the gallery; And take you cause to leave us there together: I would confer with him, about a grief---- On. [Exeunt Sejanus, Satrius, Terentius, etc. 

 Arr. So! yet another? yet? O desperate state Of grovelling honour! seest thou this, O sun, And do we see thee after? Methinks, day Should lose his light, when men do lose their shames, And for the empty circumstance of life, Betray their cause of living. 

 Sil. Nothing so. Sejanus can repair, if Jove should ruin. He is now the court god; and well applied With sacrifice of knees, of crooks, and cringes; He will do more than all the house of heaven Can, for a thousand hecatombs. 'Tis he Makes us our day, or night; hell, and elysium Are in his look: we talk of Rhadamanth, Furies, and firebrands; but it is his frown That is all these; where, on the adverse part, His smile is more, than e'er yet poets feign'd Of bliss, and shades, nectar----

 Arr. A serving boy! I knew him, at Caius' trencher, when for hire He prostituted his abused body To that great gormond, fat Apicius; And was the noted pathic of the time. 

 Sab. And, now, the second face of the whole world! The partner of the empire, hath his image Rear'd equal with Tiberius, born in ensigns; Commands, disposes every dignity, Centurions, tribunes, heads of provinces, Praetors and consuls; all that heretofore Rome's general suffrage gave, is now his sale. The gain, or rather spoil of all the earth, One, and his house, receives. 

 Sil. He hath of late Made him a strength too, strangely, by reducing All the praetorian bands into one camp, Which he commands: pretending that the soldiers, By living loose and scatter'd, fell to riot; And that if any sudden enterprise Should be attempted, their united strength Would be far more than sever'd; and their life More strict, if from the city more removed. 

 Sab. Where, now, he builds what kind of forts he please, Is heard to court the soldier by his name, Woos, feasts the chiefest men of action, Whose wants, not loves, compel them to be his. And though he ne'er were liberal by kind, Yet to his own dark ends, he's most profuse, Lavish, and letting fly, he cares not what To his ambition. 

 Arr. Yet, hath he ambition? Is there that step in state can make him higher, Or more, or anything he is, but less?

 Sil. Nothing but emperor. 

 Arr. The name Tiberius, I hope, will keep, howe'er he hath foregone The dignity and power. 

 Sil. Sure, while he lives. 

 Arr. And dead, it comes to Drusus. Should he fail, To the brave issue of Germanicus; And they are three: too many-ha? for him To have a plot upon!

 Sab. I do not know The heart of his designs; but, sure, their face Looks farther than the present. 

 Arr. By the gods, If I could guess he had but such a thought, My sword should cleave him down from head to heart, But I would find it out: and with my hand I'd hurl his panting brain about the air In mites, as small as atomi, to undo The knotted bed-

 Sab. You are observ'd, Arruntius. 

 Arr. [turns to Natta, Terentius, etc. ] Death! I dare tell him so; and all his spies: You, sir, I would, do you look? and you. 

 Sab. Forbear. 

 SCENE II. 

 (The former scene continued. ) A Gallery discovered opening into the state Room. Enter SATRIUS with EUDEMUS. 

 Sat. Here he will instant be: let's walk a turn; You're in a muse, Eudemus. 

 Eud. Not I, sir. I wonder he should mark me out so! well, Jove and Apollo form it for the best. [Aside. 

 Bat. Your fortune's made unto you now, Eudemus, If you can but lay bold upon the means; Do but observe his humour, and--believe it-- He is the noblest Roman, where he takes----

 Enter SEJANUS. Here comes his lordship. 

 Sej. Now, good Satrius. 

 Sat. This is the gentleman, my lord. 

 Sej. Is this? Give me your hand--we must be more acquainted. Report, sir, hath spoke out your art and learning: And I am glad I have so needful cause, However in itself painful and hard, To make me known to so great virtue. ----Look, Who is that, Satrius? [Exit Sat. ] I have a grief, sir, That will desire your help. Your name's Eudemus!

 Eud. Yes. 

 Sej. Sir?

 Eud. It is, my lord. 

 Sej. I hear you are Physician to Livia, the princess. 

 Eud. I minister unto her, my good lord. 

 Sej. You minister to a royal lady, then. 

 Eud. She is, my, lord, and fair. 

 Sej. That's understood Of all her sex, who are or would be so; And those that would be, physic soon can make them: For those that are, their beauties fear no colours. 

 Eud. Your lordship is conceited. 

 Sej. Sir, you know it, And can, if need be, read a learned lecture On this, and other secrets. 'Pray you, tell me, What more of ladies besides Livia, Have you your patients?

 Eud. Many, my good lord. The great Augusta, Urgulania, Mutilia Prisca, and Plancina; divers----

 Sej. And all these tell you the particulars Of every several grief? how first it grew, And then increased; what action caused that; What passion that: and answer to each point That you will put them?

 Eud. Else, my lord, we know not How to prescribe the remedies. 

 Sej. Go to, you are a subtile nation, you physicians! And grown the only cabinets in court, To ladies' privacies. Faith, which of these Is the most pleasant lady in her physic? Come, you are modest now. 

 Eud. 'Tis fit, my lord. 

 Sej. Why, sir, I do not-ask you of their urines, Whose smell's most violet, or whose siege is best, Or who makes hardest faces on her stool? Which lady sleeps with her own face a nights? Which puts her teeth off, with her clothes, in court? Or, which her hair, which her complexion, And, in which box she puts it; These were questions, That might, perhaps, have put your gravity To some defence of blush. But, I enquired, Which was the wittiest, merriest, wantonnest? H armless intergatories, but conceits. ---- Methinks Augusta should be most perverse, And froward in her fit. 

 Eud. She's so, my lord. 

 Sej. I knew it: and Mutilia the most jocund. 

 Eud. 'Tis very true, my lord. 

 Sej. And why would you Conceal this from me, now? Come, what is Livia? I know she's quick and quaintly spirited, And will have strange thoughts, when she is at leisure: She tells them all to you. 

 Eud. My noblest lord, He breathes not in the empire, or on earth. Whom I would be ambitious to serve In any act, that may preserve mine honour, Before your lordship. 

 Sej. Sir, you can lose no honour, By trusting aught to me. The coarsest act Done to my service, I can so requite, As all the world shall style it honourable: Your idle, virtuous definitions, Keep honour poor, and are as scorn'd as vain: Those deeds breathe honour that do suck in gain. 

 Eud. But, good my lord, if I should thus betray The counsels of my patient, and a lady's Of her high place and worth; what might your lordship, Who presently are to trust me with your own, Judge of my faith?

 Sej. Only the best I swear. Say now that I should utter you my grief, And with it the true cause; that it were love, And love to Livia; you should tell her this: Should she suspect your faith; I would you could Tell me as much from her; see if my brain Could be turn'd jealous. 

 Eud. Happily, my lord, I could in time tell you as much and more; So I might safely promise but the first To her from you. 

 Sej. As safely, my Eudemus, I now dare call thee so, as I have put The secret into thee. 

 Eud. My lord----

 Sej. Protest not, Thy looks are vows to me; use only speed, And but affect her with Sejanus' love, Thou art a man, made to make consuls. Go. 

 Eud. My lord, I'll promise you a private meeting This day together. 

 Sej. Canst thou?

 Eud. Yes. 

 Sej. The place?

 Eud. My gardens, whither I shall fetch your lordship

 Sej; Let me adore my AEsculapius. Why, this indeed is physic! and outspeaks The knowledge of cheap drugs, or any use Can be made out of it! more comforting Than all your opiates, juleps, apozems, Magistral syrups, or---- Be gone, my friend, Not barely styled, but created so; Expect things greater than thy largest hopes, To overtake thee: Fortune shall be taught To know how ill she hath deserv'd thus long, To come behind thy wishes. Go, and speed. [Exit Eudemus. Ambition makes more trusty slaves than need. These fellows, by the favour of their art, Have still the means to tempt; oft-times the power. If Livia will be now corrupted, then Thou hast the way, Sejanus, to work out His secrets, who, thou know'st, endures thee not, Her husband, Drusus: and to work against them. Prosper it, Pallas, thou that better'st wit; For Venus hath the smallest share in it. Enter TIBERIUS and DRUSUS, attended. Tib. [to Haterius, who kneels to him. ] We not endure these flatteries; let him stand; Our empire, ensigns, axes, rods and state Take not away our human nature from us: Look up on us, and fall before the gods. 

 Sej. How like a god speaks Caesar!

 Arr. There, observe! He can endure that second, that's no flattery. O, what is it, proud slime will not believe Of his own worth, to hear it equal praised Thus with the gods!

 Oar. He did not hear it, sir. 

 Arr. He did not! Tut, he must not, we think meanly. 'Tis your most courtly known confederacy, To have your private parasite redeem, What he, in public, subtilely will lose, To making him a name. 

 Hat. Right mighty lord---- [Gives him letters. 

 Tib. We must make up our ears 'gainst these assaults Of charming tongues; we pray you use no more These contumelies to us; style not us Or lord, or mighty, who profess ourself The servant of the senate, and are proud T' enjoy them our good, just, and favouring lords. 

 Car. Rarely dissembled!

 Arr. Prince-like to the life. 

 Sab. When power that may command, so much descends, Their bondage, whom it stoops to, it intends. 

 Tib. Whence are these letters?

 Hat. From the senate. 

 Tib. So. [Lat. Gives him letters. Whence these?

 Lat. From thence too. 

 Tib. Are they sitting now?

 Lat. They stay thy answer, Caesar. 

 Sil. If this man Had but a mind allied unto his words, How blest a fate were it to us, and Rome! We could not think that state for which to change, Although the aim were our old liberty: The ghosts of those that fell for that, would grieve Their bodies lived not, now, again to serve. Men are deceived, who think there can be thrall Beneath a virtuous prince: Wish'd liberty Ne'er lovelier looks, than under such a crown. But, when his grace is merely but lip-good. And that, no longer than he airs himself Abroad in public, there, to seem to shun The strokes and stripes of flatterers, which within Are lechery unto him, and so feed His brutish sense with their afflicting sound, As, dead to virtue, he permits himself Be carried like a pitcher by the ears, To every act of vice: this is the case Deserves our fear, and doth presage the nigh And close approach of blood and tyranny. Flattery is midwife unto prince's rage: And nothing sooner doth help forth a tyrant, Than that and whisperers' grace, who have the time, The place, the power, to make all men offenders. 

 Arr. He should be told this; and be bid dissemble With fools and blind men: we that know the evil, Should hunt the palace-rats or give them bane; Fright hence these worse than ravens, that devour T he quick, where they but prey upon the dead: He shall be told it. 

 Sab. Stay, Arruntius, We must abide our opportunity; And practise what is fit, as what is needful. It is not safe t' enforce a sovereign's ear: Princes hear well, if they at all will hear. 

 Arr. Ha, say you so? well! In the mean time, Jove, (Say not, but I do call upon thee now, )

 Sil. 'Tis well pray'd. 

 Tib. [having read the letters. ] Return the lords this voice, ---- We are their creature, And it is fit a good and honest prince, Whom they, out of their bounty, have instructed With so dilate and absolute a power, Should owe the office of it to their service. And good of all and every citizen. Nor shall it e'er repent us to have wish'd The senate just, and favouring lords unto us, Since their free loves do yield no less defence To a prince's state, than his own innocence. Say then, there can be nothing in their thought Shall want to please us, that hath pleased them; Our suffrage rather shall prevent than stay Behind their wills: 'tis empire to obey, Where such, so great, so grave, so good determine. Yet, for the suit of Spain, to erect a temple In honour of our mother and our self, We must, with pardon of the senate, not Assent thereto. Their lordships may object Our not denying the same late request Unto the Asian cities: we desire That our defence for suffering that be known In these brief reasons, with our after purpose. Since deified Augustus hindered not A temple to be built at Pergamum, In honour of himself and sacred Rome; We, that have all his deeds and words observed Ever, in place of laws, the rather follow'd That pleasing precedent, because with ours, The senate's reverence, also, there was join'd. But as, t' have once received it, may deserve The gain of pardon; so, to be adored With the continued style, and note of gods, Through all the provinces, were wild ambition. And no less pride: yea, even Augustus' name Would early vanish, should it be profaned With such promiscuous flatteries. For our part, We here protest it, and are covetous Posterity should know it. We are mortal; And can but deeds of men: 'twere glory enough, Could we be truly a prince. And, they shall add Abounding grace unto our memory, That shall report us worthy our forefathers, Careful of your affairs, constant in dangers, And not afraid of any private frown For public good. These things shall be to us Temples and statues, reared in your minds, The fairest, and most during imagery: For those of stone or brass, if they become Odious in judgment of posterity, Are more contemn'd as dying sepulchres, Than ta'en for living monuments. We then Make here our suit, alike to gods and men; The one, until the period of our race, To inspire us with a free and quiet mind, Discerning both divine and human laws; The other, to vouchsafe us after death, An honourable mention, and fair praise, To accompany our actions and our name: The rest of greatness princes may command, And, therefore, may neglect; only, a long, A lasting, high, and happy memory They should, without being satisfied, pursue: Contempt of fame begets contempt of virtue. 

 Nat. Rare!

 Bat. Most divine!

 Sej. The oracles are ceased, That only Caesar, with their tongue, might speak. 

 Arr. Let me be gone: most felt and open this!

 Cor. Stay. 

 Arr. What! to hear more cunning and fine words, With their sound flatter'd ere their sense be meant?

 Tib. Their choice of Antium, there to place the gift Vow'd to the goddess for our mother's health, We will the senate know, we fairly like: As also of their grant to Lepidus, For his repairing the AEmilian place, And restoration of those monuments: Their grace too in confining of Silanus To the other isle Cithera, at the suit Of his religious sister, much commends Their policy, so temper'd with their mercy. But for the honours which they have decreed To our Sejanus, to advance his statue In Pompey's theatre, (whose ruining fire His vigilance and labour kept restrain'd In that one loss, ) they have therein out-gone Their own great wisdoms, by their skilful choice, And placing of their bounties on a man, Whose merit more adorns the dignity, Than that can him; and gives a benefit, In taking, greater than it can receive. Blush not, Sejanus, thou great aid of Rome, Associate of our labours, our chief helper; Let us not force thy simple modesty With offering at thy praise, for more we cannot, Since there's no voice can take it. No man here Receive our speeches as hyperboles: For we are far from flattering our friend, Let envy know, as from the need to flatter. Nor let them ask the causes of our praise: Princes have still their grounds rear'd with themselves, Above the poor low flats of common men; And who will search the reasons of their acts, Must stand on equal bases. Lead, away: Our loves unto the senate. [Exeunt Tib. , Sejan. , Natta, Hat. , Lat. , Officers, etc. 

 Arr. Caesar!

 Sab. Peace. 

 Cor. Great Pompey's theatre was never ruin'd Till now, that proud Sejanus hath a statue Rear'd on his ashes. 

 Arr. Place the shame of soldiers, Above the best of generals? crack the world, And bruise the name of Romans into dust, Ere we behold it!

 Sil. Check your passion; Lord Drusus tarries. 

 Dru. Is my father mad, Weary of life, and rule, lords? thus to heave An idol up with praise! make him his mate, His rival in the empire!

 Arr. O, good prince. 

 Dru. Allow him statues, titles, honours, such As he himself refuseth!

 Arr. Brave, brave Drusus!

 Dru. The first ascents to sovereignty are hard; But, entered once, there never wants or means, Or ministers, to help the aspirer on. 

 Arr. True, gallant Drusus. 

 Dru. We must shortly pray To Modesty, that he will rest contented----

 Arr. Ay, where he is, and not write emperor. 

 Re-enter SEJANUS, SATBIUS, LATIARIS, Clients, etc. Sej. There is your bill, and yours; bring you your man. [To Satrius. I have moved for you, too, Latiaris. 

 Dru. What! Is your vast greatness grown so blindly bold, That you will over us?

 Sej. Why then give way. 

 Dru. Give way, Colossus! do you lift? advance you? Take that! [Strikes him. 

 Arr. Good! brave! excellent, brave prince!

 Dru. Nay, come, approach. [Draws his sword. What, stand you off? at gaze? It looks too full of death for thy cold spirits. Avoid mine eye, dull camel, or my sword Shall make thy bravery fitter for a grave, Than for a triumph. I'll advance a statue O' your own bulk; but 't shall be on the cross; Where I will nail your pride at breadth and length, And crack those sinews, which are yet but stretch'd With your swoln fortune's rage. 

 Arr. A noble prince!

 All. A Castor, a Castor, a Castor, a Castor! [Exeunt all but Sejanus. Sej. He that, with such wrong moved, can bear it through With patience, and an even mind, knows how To turn it back. Wrath cover'd carries fate: Revenge is lost, if I profess my hate. What was my practice late, I'll now pursue, As my fell justice: this hath styled it new. [Exit. 

ACT II

 SCENE I. ----The Garden of EUDEMUS. Enter SEJANUS, LIVIA, and EUDEMUS. 

 Sej. Physician, thou art worthy of a province. For the great favours done unto our loves; And, but that greatest Livia bears a part In the requital of thy services, I should alone despair of aught, like means, To give them worthy satisfaction. 

 Liv. Eudemus, I will see it, shall receive A fit and full reward for his large merit. ---- But for this potion we intend to Drusus, No more our husband now, whom shall we choose As the most apt and able instrument, To minister it to him?

 Eud. I say, Lygdus. 

 Sej. Lygdus what's he?

 Liv. An eunuch Drusus loves. 

 Eud. Ay, and his cup-bearer. 

 Sej. Name not a second. If Drusus love him, and he have that place, We cannot think a fitter. 

 Eud. True, my lord. For free access and trust are two main aids. 

 Sej. Skilful physician!

 Liv. But he must be wrought To the undertaking, with some labour'd art. 

 Sej. Is he ambitious?

 Liv. No. 

 Sej. Or covetous?

 Liv. Neither. 

 Eud. Yet, gold is a good general charm. 

 Sej. What is he, then?

 Liv. Faith, only wanton, light. 

 Sej. How! is he young and fair?

 Eud. A delicate youth. 

 Sej. Send him to me, I'll work him. ----Royal lady, Though I have loved you long, and with that height Of zeal and duty, like the fire, which more It mounts it trembles, thinking nought could add Unto the fervour which your eye had kindled; Yet, now I see your wisdom, judgment, strength, Quickness, and will, to apprehend the means To your own good and greatness, I protest Myself through rarified, and turn'd all flame In your affection: such a spirit as yours, Was not created for the idle second To a poor flash, as Drusus; but to shine Bright as the moon among the lesser lights, And share the sov'reignty of all the world. Then Livia triumphs in her proper sphere, When she and her Sejanus shall divide The name of Caesar, and Augusta' s star Be dimm'd with glory of a brighter beam: When Agrippina's fires are quite extinct, And the scarce-soon Tiberius borrows all His little light from us, whose folded arms Shall make one perfect orb. [Knocking within. ] Who's that! Eudemus, Look. [Exit Eudemus. ] 'Tis not Drusus, lady, do not fear. 

 Liv. Not I, my lord: my fear and love of him Left me at once. 

 Sej. Illustrious lady, stay----

 Eud. [within. ] I'll tell his lordship. [Re-enter EUDEMUS. 

 Sej. Who is it, Eudemus?

 Eud. One of your lordship's servants brings you word The emperor hath sent for you. 

 Sej. O! where is he? With your fair leave, dear princess, I'll but ask A question and return. [Exit. 

 Eud. Fortunate princess! How are you blest in the fruition Of this unequall'd man, the soul of Rome, The empire's life, and voice of Caesar's world!

 Liv. So blessed, my Eudemus, as to know The bliss I have, with what I ought to owe The means that wrought it. How do I look to-day?

 Eud. Excellent clear, believe it. This same fucus Was well laid on. 

 Liv. Methinks 'tis here not white. 

 Eud. Lend me your scarlet, lady. 'Tis the sun, Hath giv'n some little taint unto the ceruse; You should have used of the white oil I gave you. Sejanus, for your love! his very name Commandeth above Cupid or his shafts---- [Paints her cheeks. 

 Liv. Nay, now you've made it worse. 

 Eud. I'll help it straight---- And but pronounced, is a sufficient charm Against all rumour; and of absolute power To satisfy for any lady's honour. 

 Liv. What do you now, Eudemus?

 Eud. Make a light fucus, To touch you o'er withal. ----Honour'd Sejanus! What act, though ne'er so strange and insolent, But that addition will at least bear out, If't do not expiate?

 Liv. Here, good physician. 

 Eud. I like this study to preserve the love Of such a man, that comes not every hour To greet the world. -'Tis now well, lady, you should Use of the dentifrice I prescribed you too, To clear your teeth, and the prepared pomatum, To smooth the skin:----A lady cannot be Too curious of her form, that still would hold The heart of such a person, made her captive, As you have his: who, to endear him more In your clear eye, hath put away his wife, The trouble of his bed, and your delights, Fair Apicata, and made spacious room To your new pleasures. 

 Liv. Have not we return'd That with our hate to Drusus, and discovery Of all his counsels?

 Eud. Yes, and wisely, lady. The ages that succeed, and stand far off To gaze at your high prudence, shall admire, And reckon it an act without your sex: It hath that rare appearance. Some will think Your fortune could not yield a deeper sound, Than mix'd with Drusus; but, when they shall hear That, and the thunder of Sejanus meet, Sejanus, whose high name doth strike the stars, And rings about the concave; great Sejanus, Whose glories, style, and titles are himself, The often iterating of Sejanus: They then will lose their thoughts, and be ashamed To take acquaintance of them. Be-enter SEJANUS. Sej. I must make A rude departure, lady: Caesar sends With all his haste both of command and prayer. Be resolute in our plot; you have my soul, As certain yours as it is my body's. And, wise physician, so prepare the poison, As you may lay the subtile operation Upon some natural disease of his: Your eunuch send to me. I kiss your hands, Glory of ladies, and commend my love To your best faith and memory. 

 Liv. My lord, I shall but change your words. Farewell. Yet, this Remember for your heed, he loves you not; You know what I have told you: his designs Are full of grudge and danger; we must use More than a common speed. 

 Sej. Excellent lady, How you do fire my blood!

 Liv. Well, you must go? The thoughts be best, are least set forth to shew. [Exit Sejanus. 

 Eud. When will you take some physic, lady?

 Liv. When I shall, Eudemus: but let Drusus' drug Be first prepared. 

 Eud. Were Lygdus made, that's done; I have it ready. And to-morrow morning I'll send you a perfume, first to resolve And procure sweat, and then prepare a bath To cleanse and clear the cutis; against when I'll have an excellent new fucus made, Resistive 'gainst the sun, the rain, or wind, Which you shall lay on with a breath, or oil, As you best like, and last some fourteen hours. This change came timely, lady, for your health, And the restoring your complexion, Which Drusus' choler had almost burnt up! Wherein your fortune hath prescribed you better Than art could do. 

 Liv. Thanks, good physician, I'll use my fortune, you shall see, with reverence. Is my coach ready?

 Eud. It attends your highness. [Exeunt

 SCENE II. ----An Apartment in the Palace. Enter SEJANUS. 

 Sej. If this be not revenge, when I have done And made it perfect, let Egyptian slaves, Parthians, and bare-foot Hebrews brand my face, And print my body full of injuries. Thou lost thyself, child Drusus, when thou thoughtst Thou couldst outskip my vengeance; or outstand The power I had to crush thee into air. Thy follies now shall taste what kind of man They have provoked, and this thy father's house Crack in the flame of my incensed rage, Whose fury shall admit no shame or mean. ---- Adultery! it is the lightest ill I will commit A race of wicked acts Shall flow out of my anger, and o'erspread The world's wide face, which no posterity Shall e'er approve, nor yet keep silent: things That for their cunning, close, and cruel mark, Thy father would wish his: and shall, perhaps, Carry the empty name, but we the prize. On, then, my soul, and start not in thy course; Though heaven drop sulphur, and hell belch out fire, Laugh at the idle terrors; tell proud Jove, Between his power and thine there is no odds: 'Twas only fear first in the world made gods! Enter TIBERIUS, attended. Tib. Is yet Sejanus come?

 Sej. He's here, dread Caesar. 

 Tib. Let all depart that chamber, and the next. [Exeunt Attendants. Sit down, my comfort. When the master prince Of all the world, Sejanus, saith he fears, Is it not fatal?

 Sewj. Yes, to those are fear'd. 

 Tib. And not to him?

 Sej. Not, if he wisely turn That part of fate he holdeth, first on them. 

 Tib. That nature, blood, and laws of kind forbid. 

 Sej. Do policy and state forbid it?

 Tib. No. 

 Sej. The rest of poor respects, then, let go by; State is enough to make the act just, them guilty. 

 Tib. Long hate pursues such acts. 

 Sej. Whom hatred frights, Let him not dream of sovereignty. 

 Tib. Are rites Of faith, love, piety, to be trod down, Forgotten, and made vain?

 Sej. All for a crown. The prince who shames a tyrant's name to bear, Shall never dare do any thing, but fear; All the command of sceptres quite doth perish, If it begin religious thoughts to cherish: Whole empires fall, sway'd by those nice respects; It is the license of dark deeds protects Ev'n states most hated, when no laws resist The sword. But that it acteth what it list. 

 Tib. Yet so, we may do all things cruelly, Not safely. 

 Sej. Yes, and do them thoroughly. 

 Tib. Knows yet Sejanus whom we point at?

 Sej. Ay, Or else my thought, my sense, or both do err: 'Tis Agrippina. 

 Tib. She, and her proud race. 

 Sej. Proud! dangerous, Caesar: for in them apace The father's spirit shoots up. Germanicus Lives in their looks, their gait, their form, t' upbraid us With his close death, if not revenge the same. 

 Tib. The act's not known. 

 Sej. Not proved: but whispering Fame Knowledge and proof doth to the jealous give, Who, than to fail, would their own thought believe. It is not safe, the children draw long breath, That are provoked by a parent's death. 

 Tib. It is as dangerous to make them hence, If nothing but their birth be their offence. 

 Sej. Stay, till they strike at Caesar; then their crime Will be enough; but late and out of time For him to punish. 

 Tib. Do they purpose it?

 Sej. You know, sir, thunder speaks not till it hit. Be not secure; none swiftlier are opprest, Than they whom confidence betrays to rest. Let not your daring make your danger such: All power is to be fear'd, where 'tis too much. The youths are of themselves hot, violent, Full of great thought; and that male-spirited dame, Their mother, slacks no means to put them on, By large allowance, popular presentings, Increase of train and state, suing for titles; Hath them commended with like prayers, like vows, To the same gods, with Caesar: days and nights She spends in banquets and ambitious feasts For the nobility; where Caius Silius, Titius Sabinus, old Arruntius, Asinius Gallus, Furnius, Regulus, And others of that discontented list, Are the prime guests. There, and to these, she tells Whose niece she was, whose daughter, and whose wife. And then must they compare her with Augusta, Ay, and prefer her too; commend her form, Extol her fruitfulness; at which a shower Falls for the memory of Germanicus, Which they blow over straight with windy praise, And puffing hopes of her aspiring sons; Who, with these hourly ticklings, grow so pleased, And wantonly conceited of themselves, As now, they stick not to believe they're such As these do give them out; and would be thought More than competitors, immediate heirs. Whilst to their thirst of rule, they win the rout (That's still the friend of novelty) with hope Of future freedom, which on every change That greedily, though emptily expects. Caesar, 'tis age in all things breeds neglects, And princes that will keep old dignity Must not admit too youthful heirs stand by; Not their own issue; but so darkly set As shadows are in picture, to give height And lustre to themselves. 

 Tib. We will command Their rank thoughts down, and with a stricter hand Than we have yet put forth; their trains must bate, Their titles, feasts, and factions. 

 Sej. Or your state. But how, sir, will you work!

 Tib. Confine them. 

 Sej. No. They are too great, and that too faint a blow To give them now; it would have serv'd at first, When with the weakest touch their knot had burst. But, now, your care must be, not to detect The smallest cord, or line of your suspect; For such, who know the weight of prince's fear, Will, when they find themselves discover'd, rear Their forces, like seen snakes, that else would lie Roll'd in their circles, close: nought is more high, Daring, or desperate, than offenders found; Where guilt is, rage and courage both abound. The course must be, to let them still swell up, Riot, and surfeit on blind fortune's cup; Give them more place, more dignities, more style, Call them to court, to senate; in the while, Take from their strength some one or twain, or more, Of the main factors, (it will fright the store, ) And, by some by-occasion. Thus, with slight You shall disarm them first; and they, in night Of their ambition, not perceive the train, Till in the engine they are caught and slain. 

 Tib. We would not kill, if we knew how to save; Yet, than a throne, 'tis cheaper give a grave. Is there no way to bind them by deserts?

 Sej. Sir, wolves do change their hair, but not their hearts. While thus your thought unto a mean is tied, You neither dare enough, nor do provide. All modesty is fond: and chiefly where The subject is no less compell'd to bear, Than praise his sovereign's acts. 

 Tib. We can no longer Keep on our mask to thee, our dear Sejanus; Thy thoughts are ours, in all, and we but proved Their voice, in our designs, which by assenting Hath more confirm'd us, than if beart'ning Jove Had, from his hundred statues, bid us strike, And at the stroke click'd all his marble thumbs. But who shall first be struck?

 Sej. First Caius Silius; He is the most of mark, and most of danger: In power and reputation equal strong, Having commanded an imperial army Seven years together, vanquish'd Sacrovir In Germany, and thence obtain'd to wear The ornaments triumphal. His steep fall, By how much it doth give the weightier crack, Will send more wounding terror to the rest, Command them stand aloof, and give more way To our surprising of the principal. 

 Tib. But what, Sabinus?

 Sej. Let him grow a while, His fate is not yet ripe: we must not pluck At all together, lest we catch ourselves. And there's Arruntius too, he only talks. But Sosia, Silius' wife, would be wound in Now, for she hath a fury in her breast, More than hell ever knew; and would be sent Thither in time. Then is there one Cremutius Cordus, a writing fellow, they have got To gather notes of the precedent times, And make them into Annals; a most tart And bitter spirit, I hear; who, under colour Of praising those, doth tax the present state, Censures the men, the actions, leaves no trick, No practice unexamined, parallels The times, the governments; a profest champion For the old liberty-

 Tib. A perishing wretch! As if there were that chaos bred in things, That laws and liberty would not rather choose To be quite broken, and ta'en hence by us, Than have the stain to be preserved by such. Have we the means to make these guilty first?

 Sej. Trust that to me: let Caesar, by his power But cause a formal meeting of the senate, I will have matter and accusers ready. 

 Tib. But how? let us consult. 

 Sej. We shall misspend The time of action. Counsels are unfit In business, where all rest is more pernicious Than rashness can be. Acts of this close kind Thrive more by execution than advice. There is no lingering in that work begun, Which cannot praised be, until through done. 

 Tib. Our edicts shall forthwith command a court. While I can live, I will prevent earth's fury: [Exit

 Enter JULIUS POSTHUMUS. 

 Pos. My lord Sejanus----

 Sej. Julius Posthumus! Come with my wish! What news from Agrippina's?

 Pos. Faith, none. They all lock up themselves a' late, Or talk in character; I have not seen A company so changed. Except they had Intelligence by augury of our practice. ----

 Sej. When were you there?

 Pos. Last night. 

 Sej. And what guests found you?

 Pos. Sabinus, Silius, the old list, Arruntius, Furmus, and Gallus. 

 Sej. Would not these talk?

 Pos. Little: And yet we offer'd choice of argument. Satrius was with me. 

 Sej. Well: 'tis guilt enough Their often meeting. You forgot to extol The hospitable lady?

 Pas. No; that trick Was well put home, and had succeeded too, But that Sabinus cough'd a caution out; For she began to swell. 

 Sej. And may she burst! Julius, I would have you go instantly Unto the palace of the great Augusta, And, by your kindest friend, get swift access; Acquaint her with these meetings: tell the words You brought me the other day, of Silius, Add somewhat to them. Make her understand The danger of Sabinus, and the times, Out of his closeness. Give Arruntius' words Of malice against Caesar; so, to Gallus: But, above all, to Agrippina. Say, As you may truly, that her infinite pride, Propt with the hopes of her too fruitful womb, With popular studies gapes for sovereignty, And threatens Caesar. Pray Augusta then, That for her own, great Caesar's, and the public safety, she be pleased to urge these dangers. Caesar is too secure, he must be told, And best he'll take it from a mother's tongue. Alas! what is't for us to sound, to explore, To watch, oppose, plot, practise, or prevent, If he, for whom it is so strongly labour'd, Shall, out of greatness and free spirit, be Supinely negligent? our city's now Divided as in time o' the civil war, And men forbear not to declare themselves Of Agrippina's party. Every day The faction multiplies; and will do more, If not resisted: you can best enlarge it, As you find audience. Noble Posthumus, Commend me to your Prisca: and pray her, She will solicit this great business, To earnest and most present execution, With all her utmost credit with Augusta. 

 Pos. I shall not fail in my instructions. [Exit. 

 Sej. This second, from his mother, will well urge Our late design, and spur on Caesar's rage; Which else might grow remiss. The way to put A prince in blood, is to present the shapes Of dangers, greater than they are, like late, Or early shadows; and, sometimes, to feign Where there are none, only to make him fear? His fear will make him cruel: and once enter'd, He doth not easily learn to stop, or spare Where he may doubt. This have I made my rule, To thrust Tiberius into tyranny, And make him toil, to turn aside those blocks, Which I alone could not remove with safety, Drusus once gone, Germanicus' three sons Would clog my way; whose guards have too much faith To be corrupted: and their mother known Of too, too unreproved a chastity, To be attempted, as light Livia was. Work then, my art, on Caesar's fears, as they On those they fear 'till all my lets be clear'd, And he in ruins of his house, and hate Of all his subjects, bury his own state; When with my peace and safety, I will rise, By making him the public sacrifice. [Exit. 

 SCENE III. -A Room in AGRIPPINA'S House. Enter SATRlUS and NATTA. Sat. They're grown exceeding circumspect, and wary. 

 Nat. They have us in the wind: and yet Arruntius Cannot contain himself. 

 Sat. Tut, he's not yet Look'd after; there are others more desired That are more silent. 

 Nat. Here he comes. Away. [Exeunt. 

 Enter SABINUS, ARRUNTIUS, and CORDUS

 Sab. How is it, that these beagles haunt the house Of Agrippina?

 Arr. O, they hunt, they hunt! There is some game here lodged, which they must rouse, To make the great ones sport. 

 Cor. Did you observe How they inveigh'd 'gainst Caesar?

 Arr. Ay, baits, baits, For us to bite at: would I have my flesh Torn by the public hook, these qualified hangmen Should be my company. 

 Cor. Here comes another. [Dom. Afer passes over the stage

 Arr. Ay, there's a man, Afer the orator! One that hath phrases, figures, and fine flowers, To strew his rhetoric with, and doth make haste, To get him note, or name, by any offer Where blood or gain be objects; steeps his words, When he would kill, in artificial tears: The crocodile of Tyber! him I love, That man is mine; he hath my heart and voice When I would curse! he, he. 

 Sub. Contemn the slaves, Their present lives will be their future graves. [Exeunt

 SCENE IV. -Another Apartment in the same. Enter SILIUS, AGRIPPINA, NERO, and SOSIA. 

 Sil. May't please your highness not forget yourself; I dare not, with my manners, to attempt Your trouble farther. 

 Agr. Farewell, noble Silius!

 Sil. Most royal princess. 

 Agr. Sosia stays with us?

 Sil. She is your servant, and doth owe your grace An honest, but unprofitable love. 

 Agr. How can that be, when there's no gain but virtue's?

 Sil: You take the moral, not the politic sense. I meant, as she is bold, and free of speech, Earnest to utter what her zealous thought Travails withal, in honour of your house; Which act, as it is simply born in her, Partakes of love and honesty; but may, By the over-often, and unseason'd use, Turn to your loss and danger: for your state Is waited on by envies, as by eyes; And every second guest your tables take Is a fee'd spy, to observe who goes, who comes; What conference you have, with whom, where, when. What the discourse is, what the looks, the thoughts Of every person there, they do extract, And make into a substance. 

 Agr. Hear me, Silius. Were all Tiberius' body stuck with eyes, And every wall and hanging in my house Transparent, AS this lawn I wear, or air; Yea, had Sejanus both his ears as long As to my inmost closet, I would hate To whisper any thought, or change an act, To be made Juno's rival. Virtue's forces Shew ever noblest in conspicuous courses. 

 Sil. 'Tis great, and bravely spoken, like the spirit Of Agrippina: yet, your highness knows, There is nor loss nor shame in providence; Few can, what all should do, beware enough. You may perceive with what officious face, Satrius, and Natta, Afer, and the rest. Visit your house, of late, to enquire the secrets; And with what bold and privileged art, they rail Against Augusta, yea, and at Tiberius; Tell tricks of Livia, and Sejanus; all To excite, and call your indignation on, That they might hear it at more liberty. 

 Agr. You're too suspicious, Silius. 

 Sil. Pray the gods, I be so, Agrippina; but I fear Some subtle practice. They that durst to strike At so exampless, and unblamed a life, As that of the renowned Germanicus, Will not sit down with that exploit alone: He threatens many that hath injured one. 

 Nero. 'Twere best rip forth their tongues, sear out their eyes. When next they come. 

 Sos. A fit reward for spies. Enter Drusus, jun. Dru. Jun. Hear you the rumour?

 Agr. What?

 Dru. Jun. Drusus is dying. 

 Agr. Dying!

 Nero. That's strange!

 Agr. You were with him yesternight. 

 Dru. Jun. One met Eudemus the physician, Sent for, but now; who thinks he cannot live. 

 Sil. Thinks! if it be arrived at that, he knows, Or none. 

 Agr. 'Tis quick! what should be his disease?

 Sil. Poison, poison-

 Agr. How, Silius!

 Nero. What's that?

 Sil. Nay, nothing. There was late a certain blow Given o' the face. 

 Nero. Ay, to Sejanus. 

 Sil. True!

 Dru. Jun. And what of that?

 Sil. I'm glad I gave it not. 

 Nero. But there is somewhat else?

 Sil. Yes, private meetings, With a great lady [sir], at a physician's, And a wife turn'd away. 

 Nero. Ha!

 Sil. Toys, mere toys: What wisdom's now in th' streets, in the common mouth?

 Dru. Fun. Fears, whisperings, tumults, noise, I know not what: They say the Senate sit. 

 Sil. I'll thither straight; And see what's in the forge. 

 Agr. Good Silius do; Sosia and I will in. 

 Sil. Haste you, my lords, I To visit the sick prince; tender your loves, And sorrows to the people. This Sejanus, Trust my divining soul, hath plots on all: No tree, that stops his prospect, but must fall. [Exeunt. 

ACT III

 SCENE I. -The Senate-House Enter Praenes, Lictores, SEJANUS, VARRO, LATIARIS, COTTA, and AFER

 Sej. 'Tis only you must urge against him, Varro; Nor I nor Caesar may appear therein, Except in your defence, who are the consul; And, under colour of late enmity Between your father and his, may better do it, As free from all suspicion of a practice. Here be your notes, what points to touch at; read: Be cunning in them. Afer has them too. 

 Var. But is he summon'd?

 Sej. No. It was debated By Caesar, and concluded as most fit To take him unprepared. 

 Afer. And prosecute All under name of treason. 

 Var. I conceive. Enter SABINUS, GALLUS, LEPIDUS, and ARRUNTIUS. Sab. Drusus being dead, Caesar will not be here. 

 Gal. What should the business of this senate be?

 Arr. That can my subtle whisperers tell you: we That are the good-dull-noble lookers on, Are only call'd to keep the marble warm. What should we do with those deep mysteries, Proper to these fine heads? let them alone. Our ignorance may, perchance, help us be saved From whips and furies. 

 Gall. See, see, see their action!

 Arr. Ay, now their heads do travail, now they work; Their faces run like shittles; they are weaving Some curious cobweb to catch flies. 

 Sab. Observe, They take their places. 

 Arr. What, so low!

 Gal. O yes, They must be seen to flatter Caesar's grief, Though but in sitting. 

 Var. Bid us silence. 

 Prae. Silence!

 Var. Fathers conseript, may this our present meeting, Turn fair, and fortunate to the common-wealth! Enter SILIUS, and other Senators. Sej. See, Silius enters. 

 Sil. Hail, grave fathers!

 Lic. Stand. Silius, forbear thy place. 

 Ben. How!

 Prae. Silius, stand forth, The consul hath to charge thee. 

 Lic. Room for Caesar. 

 Arr. Is he come too! nay then expect a trick. 

 Sab. Silius accused! sure he will answer nobly. Enter TIBERIUS, attended. Tib. We stand amazed, fathers, to behold This general dejection. Wherefore sit Rome's consuls thus dissolved, as they had lost All the remembrance both of style and place It not becomes. No woes are of fit weight, To make the honour of the empire stoop: Though I, in my peculiar self, may meet Just reprehension, that so suddenly, And, in so fresh a grief, would greet the senate, When private tongues, of kinsmen and allies, Inspired with comforts, lothly are endured, The face of men not seen, and scarce the day, To thousands that communicate our loss. Nor can I argue these of weakness; since They take but natural ways; yet I must seek For stronger aids, and those fair helps draw out From warm embraces of the common-wealth. Our mother, great Augusta, 's struck with time, Our self imprest with aged characters, Drusus is gone, his children young and babes; Our aims must now reflect on those that may Give timely succour to these present ills, And are our only glad-surviving hopes, The noble issue of Germanicus, Nero and Drusus: might it please the consul Honour them in, they both attend without. I would present them to the senate's care, And raise those suns of joy that should drink up These floods of sorrow in your drowned eyes. 

 Arr. By Jove, I am not OEdipus enough To understand this Sphynx. 

 Sab. The princes come. Enter NERO, and DRUSUS, junior. Tib. Approach you, noble Nero, noble Drusus. These princes, fathers, when their parent died, I gave unto their uncle, with this prayer, That though he had proper issue of his own, He would no less bring up, and foster these, Than that self-blood; and by that act confirm Their worths to him, and to posterity. Drusus ta'en hence, I turn my prayers to you, And 'fore our country, and our gods, beseech You take, and rule Augustus' nephew's sons, Sprung of the noblest ancestors; and so Accomplish both my duty, and your own, Nero, and Drusus, these shall be to you In place of parents, these your fathers, these; And not unfitly: for you are so born, As all your good, or ill's the common-wealth's. Receive them, you strong guardians; and blest gods, Make all their actions answer to their bloods: Let their great titles find increase by them, Not they by titles. Set them as in place, So in example, above all the Romans: And may they know no rivals but themselves. Let Fortune give them nothing; but attend Upon their virtue: and that still come forth Greater than hope, and better than their fame. Relieve me, fathers, with your general voice. 

 Senators. May all the gods consent to Caesar's wish, And add to any honours that may crown The hopeful issue of Germanicus

 Tib. We thank you, reverend fathers, in their right. 

 Arr. If this were true now! but the space, the space Between the breast and lips----Tiberius' heart Lies a thought further than another man's. [Aside. 

 Tib. My comforts are so flowing in my joys, As, in them, all my streams of grief are lost, No less than are land-waters in the sea, Or showers in rivers; though their cause was such, As might have sprinkled ev'n the gods with tears: Yet, since the greater doth embrace the less, We covetously obey. 

 Arr. Well acted, Caesar. [Aside. 

 Tib. And now I am the happy witness made Of your so much desired affections To this great issue, I could wish, the Fates Would here set peaceful period to my days; However to my labours, I entreat, And beg it of this senate, some fit ease. 

 Arr. Laugh, fathers, laugh: have you no spleens about you? [Aside. Tib. The burden is too heavy I sustain On my unwilling shoulders; and I pray It may be taken off, and reconferred Upon the consuls, or some other Roman, More able, and more worthy. 

 Arr. Laugh on still. [Aside. 

 Sab. Why this doth render all the rest suspected!

 Gal. It poisons all. 

 Arr. O, do you taste it then?

 Sab. It takes away my faith to any thing, He shall hereafter speak. 

 Arr. Ay, to pray that, Which would be to his head as hot as thunder, 'Gainst which he wears that charm should but the court Receive him at his word. 

 Gal. Hear!

 Tib. For myself I know my weakness, and so little covet, Like some gone past, the weight that will oppress me, As my ambition is the counter-point. 

 Arr. Finely maintained; good still!

 Sej. But Rome, whose blood, Whose nerves, whose life, whose very frame relies On Caesar's strength, no less than heaven on Atlas, Cannot admit it but with general ruin. 

 Arr. Ah! are you there to bring him off? [Aside. 

 Sej. Let Caesar No more then urge a point so contrary To Caesar's greatness, the grieved senate's vows, Or Rome's necessity. 

 Gal. He comes about----

 Arr. More nimbly than Vertumnus. 

 Tib. For the publick, I may be drawn to shew I can neglect All private aims, though I affect my rest; But if the senate still command me serve, I must be glad to practise my obedience. 

 Arr. You must and will, sir. We do know it. [Aside. 

 Senators. Caesar, Live long and happy, great and royal Caesar; The gods preserve thee and thy modesty, Thy wisdom and thy innocence

 Arr. Where is't? The prayer is made before the subject. [Aside. 

 Senators. Guard His meekness, Jove; his piety, his care, His bounty----

 Arr. And his subtility, I'll put in: Yet he'll keep that himself, without the gods. All prayers are vain for him. [Aside. Tib. We will not hold Your patience, fathers, with long answer; but Shall still contend to be what you desire, And work to satisfy so great a hope. Proceed to your affairs. 

 Arr. Now, Silius, guard thee; The curtain's drawing. Afer advanceth. [Aside. 

 Prae. Silence!

 Afer. Cite Caius Silius. 

 Prae. Caius Silius!

 Sil. Here. 

 Afer. The triumph that thou hadst in Germany For thy late victory on Sacrovir, Thou hast enjoy'd so freely, Caius Silius, As no man it envied thee; nor would Caesar, Or Rome admit, that thou wert then defrauded Of any honours thy deserts could claim, In the fair service of the common-wealth: But now, if, after all their loves and graces, (Thy actions, and their courses being discover'd) It shall appear to Caesar and this senate, Thou hast defiled those glories with thy crimes----

 Sil. Crimes!

 Afer. Patience, Silius. 

 Sil. Tell thy mule of patience; I am a Roman. What are my crimes? proclaim them. Am I too rich, too honest for the times? Have I or treasure, jewels, land, or houses That some informer gapes for? is my strength Too much to be admitted, or my knowledge? These now are crimes. 

 Afer. Nay, Silius, if the name Of crime so touch thee, with what impotence Wilt thou endure the matter to be search'd?

 Sil. I tell thee, Afer, with more scorn than fear: Employ your mercenary tongue and art. Where's my accuser?

 Var. Here. 

 Arr. Varro, the consul! Is he thrust in? [Aside. 

 Var. 'Tis I accuse thee, Silius. Against the majesty of Rome, and Caesar, I do pronounce thee here a guilty cause, First of beginning and occasioning, Next, drawing out the war in Gallia, For which thou late triumph'st; dissembling long That Sacrovir to be an enemy, Only to make thy entertainment more. Whilst thou, and thy wife Sosia, poll'd the province: Wherein, with sordid, base desire of gain, Thou hast discredited thy actions' worth, And been a traitor to the state. 

 Sil. Thou liest. 

 Arr. I thank thee, Silius, speak so still and often. 

 Var. If I not prove it, Caesar, but unjustly Have call'd him into trial; here I bind Myself to suffer, what I claim against him; And yield to have what I have spoke, confirm'd By judgment of the court, and all good men. 

 Sil. Caesar, I crave to have my cause deferr'd, Till this man's consulship be out. 

 Tib. We cannot, Nor may we grant it. 

 Sil. Why? shall he design My day of trial? Is he my accuser, And must he be my judge?

 Tib. It hath been usual, And is a right that custom hath allow'd The magistrate, to call forth private men; And to appoint their day: which privilege We may not in the consul see infringed, By whose deep watches, and industrious care It is so labour'd, as the common-wealth Receive no loss, by any oblique course. 

 Sil. Caesar, thy fraud is worse than violence. 

 Tib. Silius, mistake us not, we dare not use The credit of the consul to thy wrong; But only to preserve his place and power, So far as it concerns the dignity And honour of the state. 

 Arr. Believe him, Silius. 

 Cot. Why, so he may, Arruntius. 

 Arr. I say so. And he may choose too. 

 Tib. By the Capitol, And all our gods, but that the dear republic, Our sacred laws, and just authority Are interess'd therein, I should be silent. 

 Afer. 'Please Caesar to give way unto his trial, He shall have justice. 

 Sil. Nay, I shall have law; Shall I not, Afer? speak. 

 Afer. Would you have more?

 Sil. No, my well-spoken man, I would no more; Nor less: might I enjoy it natural, . Not taught to speak unto your present ends, Free from thine, his, and all your unkind handling, Furious enforcing, most unjust presuming, Malicious, and manifold applying, Foul wresting, and impossible construction. 

 Afer. He raves, he raves. 

 Sil. Thou durst not tell me so, Hadst thou not Crease's warrant. I can see Whose power condemns me. 

 Var. This betrays his spirit: This doth enough declare him what he is. 

 Sil. What am I? speak. 

 Var. An enemy to the state. 

 Sil. Because I am an enemy to thee, And such corrupted ministers o' the state, That here art made a present instrument To gratify it with thine own disgrace. 

 Sej. This, to the consul, is most insolent, And impious. 

 Sil. Ay, take part. Reveal yourselves, Alas! I scent not your confederacies, Your plots, and combinations! I not know Minion Sejanus hates me: and that all, This boast of law, and law, is but a form, A net of Vulcan's filing, a mere ingine, To take that life by a pretext of justice, Which you pursue in malice! I want brain, Or nostril to persuade me, that your ends, And purposes are made to what they are, Before my answer! O, you equal gods, Whose justice not a world of wolf-turn'd men Shall make me to accuse, howe'er provoked; Have I for this so oft engaged myself? Stood in the heat and fervour of a fight, When Phoebus sooner hath forsook the day Than I the field, against the blue-eyed Gauls, And crisped Germans? when our Roman eagles Have fann'd the fire, with their labouring wings, And no blow dealt, that left not death behind it? When I have charged, alone, into the troops Of curl'd Sicambrians, routed them, and came Not off, with backward ensigns of a slave; But forward marks, wounds on my breast and face, Were meant to thee, O Caesar, and thy Rome? And have I this return! did I, for this, Perform so noble and so brave defeat On Sacrovir! O Jove, let it become me To boast my deeds, when he whom they concern, Shall thus forget them. 

 Afer. Silius, Silius, These are the common customs of thy blood, When it is high with wine, as now with rage: This well agrees with that intemperate vaunt, Thou lately mad'st at Agrippina's table, That, when all other of the troops were prone To fall into rebellion, only thine Remain'd in their obedience. Thou wert he That saved the empire, which had then been lost Had but thy legions, there, rebell'd, or mutined; Thy virtue met, and fronted every peril. Thou gav'st to Caesar, and to Rome their surety; Their name, their strength, their spirit, and their state, Their being was a donative from thee. 

 Arr. Well worded, and most like an orator. 

 Tib. Is this true, Silius?

 Sil. Save thy question, Caesar; Thy spy of famous credit hath affirm'd it. 

 Arr. Excellent Roman!

 Sab. He doth answer stoutly. 

 Sej. If this be so, there needs no farther cause Of crime against him. 

 Var. What can more impeach The royal dignity and state of Caesar, Than to be urged with a benefit He cannot pay?

 Cot. In this, all Ceesar's fortune Is made unequal to the courtesy. 

 Lat. His means are clean destroyed that should requite. 

 Gal. Nothing is great enough for Silius' merit. 

 Arr. Gallus on that side too! [Aside. 

 Sil. Come, do not hunt, And labour so about for circumstance, To make him guilty whom you have foredoom'd: Take shorter ways, I'll meet your purposes. The words were mine, and more I now will say: Since I have done thee that great service, Caesar, Thou still hast fear'd me; and in place of grace, Return'd me hatred: so soon all best turns, With doubtful princes, turn deep injuries In estimation, when they greater rise Than can be answer'd. Benefits, with you, Are of no longer pleasure, than you can With ease restore them; that transcended once, Your studies are not how to thank, but kill. It is your nature, to have all men slaves To you, but you acknowledging to none. The means that make your greatness, must not come In mention of it; if it do, it takes So much away, you think: and that which help'd, Shall soonest perish, if it stand in eye, Where it may front, or but upbraid the high. 

 Got. Suffer him speak no more. 

 Var. Note but his spirit. 

 Afer. This shews him in the rest. 

 Lat. Let him be censured. Sej. He hath spoke enough to prove him Caesar's foe. 

 Got. His thoughts look through his words. 

 Sej. A censure. 

 Sil. Stay, Stay, most officious senate, I shall straight Delude thy fury. Silius hath not placed His guards within him, against fortune's spite, So weakly, but he can escape your gripe That are but hands of fortune: she herself, When virtue doth oppose, must lose her threats! All that can happen in humanity, The frown of Caesar, proud Sejanus' hatred, Base Varro's spleen, and Afer's bloodying tongue, The senate's servile flattery, and these Muster'd to kill, I'm fortified against; And can look down upon: they are beneath me. It is not life whereof I stand enamour'd; Nor shall my end make me accuse my fate. The coward and the valiant man must fall, Only the cause and manner how, discerns them: Which then are gladdest, when they cost us dearest. Romans, if any here be in this senate, Would know to mock Tiberius' tyranny, Look upon Silius, and so learn to die. [Stabs himself. 

 Var. O desperate act!

 Arr. An honourable hand!

 Tib. Look, is he dead?

 Sab. 'Twas nobly struck, and home. 

 Arr. My thought did prompt him to it. Farewell. Silius. Be famous ever for thy great example. 

 Tib. We are not pleased in this sad accident, That thus hath stalled, and abused our mercy, Intended to preserve thee, noble Roman, And to prevent thy hopes. 

 Arr. Excellent wolf! Now he is full he howls. [Aside. 

 Sej. Caesar doth wrong His dignity and safety thus to mourn The deserv'd end of so profest a traitor, And doth, by this his lenity, instruct Others as factious to the like offence. 

 Tib. The confiscation merely of his state Had been enough. 

 Arr. O, that was gaped for then? [Aside. 

 Var. Remove the body. 

 Sej. Let citation Go out for Sosia. 

 Gal. Let her be proscribed: And for the goods, I think it fit that half Go to the treasure, half unto the children. 

 Lep. With leave of Caesar, I would think that fourth, The which the law doth cast on the informers, Should be enough; the rest go to the children. Wherein the prince shall shew humanity, And bounty; not to force them by their want, Which in their parents' trespass they deserv'd, To take ill courses. 

 Tib. It shall please us. 

 Arr. Ay, Out of necessity. This Lepidus Is grave and honest, and I have observed A moderation still in all his censures. 

 Sab. And bending to the better----Stay, who's this?

 Enter SATRIUS and NATTA, with CREMUTIUS CORDUS guarded. 

 Cremutius Cordus! What! is he brought in?

 Arr. More blood into the banquet! Noble Cordus, I wish thee good: be as thy writings, free, And honest. 

 Tib. What is he?

 Sej. For the Annals, Caesar. 

 Prae. Cremutius Cordus!

 Cor. Here. 

 Prae. Satrius Secundus, Pinnarius Natta, you are his accusers. 

 Arr. Two of Sejanus' blood-hounds, whom he breeds With human flesh, to bay at citizens. 

 Afer. Stand forth before the senate, and confront him. 

 Sat. I do accuse thee here, Cremutius Cordus, To be a man factious and dangerous, A sower of sedition in the state, A turbulent and discontented spirit, Which I will prove from thine own writings, here, The Annals thou hast publish'd; where thou bit'st The present age, and with a viper's tooth, Being a member of it, dar'st that ill Which never yet degenerous bastard did Upon his parent. 

 Nat. To this, I subscribe; And, forth a world of more particulars, Instance in only one: comparing men, And times, thou praisest Brutus, and affirm'st That Cassius was the last of all the Romans. 

 Cot. How! what are we then?

 Var. What is Caesar? nothing?

 Afer. My lords, this strikes at every Roman's private, In whom reigns gentry, and estate of spirit, To have a Brutus brought in parallel, A parricide, an enemy of his country, Rank'd, and preferr'd to any real worth That Rome now holds. This is most strangely invective, Most full of spite, and insolent upbraiding. Nor is't the time alone is here disprised, But the whole man of time, yea, Caesar's self Brought in disvalue; and he aimed at most, By oblique glance of his licentious pen. Caesar, if Cassius were the last of Romans, Thou hast no name. 

 Tib. Let's hear him answer. Silence!

 Cor. So innocent I am of fact, my lords, As but my words are argued: yet those words Not reaching either prince or prince's parent: The which your law of treason comprehends. Brutus and Cassius I am charged to have praised; Whose deeds, when many more, besides myself, Have writ, not one hath mention'd without honour. Great Titus Livius, great for eloquence, And faith amongst us, in his history, With so great praises Pompey did extol, As oft Augustus call'd him a Pompeian: Yet this not hurt their friendship. In his book He often names Scipio, Afranius, Yea, the same Cassius, and this Brutus too, As worthiest men; not thieves and parricides, Which notes upon their fames are now imposed. Asinius Pollio's writings quite throughout Give them a noble memory; so Messala Renown'd his general Cassius: yet both these Lived with Augustus, full of wealth and honours, To Cicero's book, where Cato was heav'd up Equal with Heaven, what else did Caesar answer, Being then dictator, but with a penn'd oration, As if before the judges? Do but see Antonius' letters; read but Brutus' pleadings: What vile reproach they hold against Augustus, False, I confess, but with much bitterness. The epigrams of Bibaculus and Catullus Are read, full stuft with spite of both the Caesars; Yet deified Julius, and no less Augustus, Both bore them, and contemn'd them: I not know, Promptly to speak it, whether done with more Temper, or wisdom; for such obloquies If they despised be, they die supprest; But if with rage acknowledg'd, they are confest. The Greeks I slip, whose license not alone, But also lust did scape unpunished: Or where some one, by chance, exception took, He words with words revenged. But, in my work, What could be aim'd more free, or farther off From the time's scandal, than to write of those, Whom death from grace or hatred had exempted? Did I, with Brutus and with Cassius, Arm'd, and possess'd of the Philippi fields, Incense the people in the civil cause, With dangerous speeches? Or do they, being slain Seventy years since, as by their images, Which not the conqueror hath defaced, appears, Retain that guilty memory with writers? Posterity pays every man his honour; Nor shall there want, though I condemned am, That will not only Cassius well approve, And of great Brutus' honour mindful be, But that will also mention make of me. 

 Arr. Freely and nobly spoken!

 Sab. With good temper; I like him, that he is not moved with passion. 

 Arr. He puts them to their whisper. 

 Tib. Take him hence; We shall determine of him at next sitting. [Exeunt Officers with Cordus. Cot. Mean time, give order, that his books be burnt, To the aediles. 

 Sej. You have well advised. 

 Afer. It fits not such licentious things should live T'upbraid the age. 

 Arr. If the age were good, they might. 

 Lat. Let them be burnt. 

 Gal. All sought, and burnt to-day. 

 Prae. The court is up; lictors, resume the fasces. [Exeunt all but Arruntius, Sabinus, and Lepidus. Arr. Let them be burnt! O, how ridiculous Appears the senate's brainless diligence, Who think they can, with present power, extinguish The memory of all succeeding times!

 Sab. 'Tis true; when, contrary, the punishment Of wit, doth make the authority increase. Nor do they aught, that use this cruelty Of interdiction, and this rage of burning, But purchase to themselves rebuke and shame, And to the writers an eternal name. 

 Lep. It is an argument the times are sore, When virtue cannot safely be advanced; Nor vice reproved. 

 Arr. Ay, noble Lepidus; Augustus well foresaw what we should suffer Under Tiberius, when he did pronounce The Roman race most wretched, that should live Between so slow jaws, and so long a bruising. [Exeunt. 

 SCENE II. ----A Room in the Palace. Enter TIBERIUS and SEJANUS. 

 Tib. This business hath succeeded well, Sejanus, And quite removed all jealousy of practice 'Gainst Agrippina, and our nephews. Now, We must bethink us how to plant our ingine, For th' other pair, Sabinus and Arruntius, And Gallus too: howe'er he flatter us, His heart we know. 

 Sej. Give it some respite, Caesar. Time shall mature, and bring to perfect crown, What we, with so good vultures have begun: Sabinus shall be next. 

 Tib. Rather Arruntius. 

 Sej. By any means, preserve him. His frank tongue Being let the reins, would take away all thought Of malice, in your course against the rest: We must keep him to stalk with. 

 Tib. Dearest head, To thy most fortunate design I yield it. 

 Sej. Sir, ----I have been so long train'd up in grace, First with your father, great Augustus; since, With your most happy bounties so familiar As I not sooner would commit my hopes Or wishes to the gods. Than to your ears. Nor have I ever, yet, been covetous Of over-bright and dazzling honour; rather To watch and travail in great Caesar's safety, With the most common soldier. 

 Tib. 'Tis confest. 

 Sej. The only gain, and which I count most fair Of all my fortunes, is, that mighty Caesar Has thought me worthy his alliance. Hence Begin my hopes. 

 Tib. Umph!

 Sej. I have heard, Augustus, In the bestowing of his daughter, thought But even of gentlemen of Rome: if so, ---- I know not how to hope so great a favour---- But if a husband should be sought for Livia, And I he had in mind, as Caesar's friend, I would but use the glory of the kindred: It should not make me slothful, or less caring For Caesar's state: it were enough to me It did confirm, and strengthen my weak house, Against the now unequal opposition Of Agrippina; and for dear regard Unto my children, this I wish: myself Have no ambition farther than to end My days in service of so dear a master. 

 Tib. We cannot but commend thy piety, Most loved Sejanus, in acknowledging Those bounties; which we, faintly, such remember---- But to thy suit. The rest of mortal men, In all their drifts and counsels, pursue profit; Princes alone are of a different sort, Directing their main actions still to fame: We therefore will take time to think and answer. For Livia she can best, herself, resolve If she will marry, after Drusus, or Continue in the family; besides, She hath a mother, and a grandam yet, Whose nearer counsels she may guide her by: But I will simply deal. That enmity Thou fear'st in Agrippina, would burn more, If Livia's marriage should, as 'twere in parts, Divide the imperial house; an emulation Between the women might break forth; and discord Ruin the sons and nephews on both hands. What if it cause some present difference? Thou art not safe, Sejanus, if thou prove it. Canst thou believe, that Livia, first the wife To Caius Caesar, then my Drusus, now Will be contented to grow old with thee, Born but a private gentleman of Rome, And raise thee with her loss, if not her shame? Or say that I should wish it, canst thou think The senate, or the people (who have seen Her brother, father, and our ancestors, In highest place of empire) will endure it! The state thou hold'st already, is in talk; Men murmur at thy greatness; and the noble! Stick not, in public, to upbraid thy climbing Above our father's favours, or thy scale: And dare accuse me, from their hate to thee. Be wise, dear friend. We would not hide these things, For friendship's dear respect: Nor will we stand Adverse to thine, or Livia's designments. What we have purposed to thee, in our thought, And with what near degrees of love to bind thee, And make thee equal to us; for the present, We will forbear to speak. Only thus much Believe, our loved Sejanus, we not know That height in blood or honour, which thy virtue And mind to us, may not aspire with merit. And this we'll publish on all watch'd occasion The senate or the people shall present. 

 Sej. I am restored, and to my sense again, Which I had lost in this so blinding suit. Caesar hath taught me better to refuse, Than I knew how to ask. How pleaseth Caesar T' embrace my late advice for leaving Rome!

 Tib. We are resolved. 

 Sej. Here are some motives more, [Gives him a paper Which I have thought on since, may more confirm. 

 Tib. Careful Sejanus! we will straight peruse them: Go forward in our main design, and prosper. [Exit. 

 Sej. If those but take, I shall. Dull, heavy Caesar! Wouldst thou tell me, thy favours were made crimes, And that my fortunes were esteem'd thy faults, That thou for me wert hated, and not think I would with winged haste prevent that change, When thou might'st win all to thyself again, By forfeiture of me! Did those fond words Fly swifter from thy lips, than this my brain, This sparkling forge, created me an armour T' encounter chance and thee? Well, read my charms, And may they lay that hold upon thy senses, As thou hadst snuft up hemlock, or ta'en down The juice of poppy and of mandrakes. Sleep, Voluptuous Caesar, and security Seize on 'thy stupid powers, and leave them dead To public cares; awake but to thy lusts, The strength of which makes thy libidinous soul Itch to leave Rome! and I have thrust it on; With blaming of the city business, The multitude of suits, the confluence Of suitors; then their importunacies, The manifold distractions he must suffer, Besides ill-rumours, envies, and reproaches, All which a quiet and retired life, Larded with ease and pleasure, did avoid: And yet for any weighty and great affair, The fittest place to give the soundest counsels. By this I shall remove him both from thought And knowledge of his own most dear affairs; Draw all dispatches through my private hands; Know his designments, and pursue mine own; Make mine own strengths by giving suits and places. Conferring dignities and offices; And these that hate me now, wanting access To him, will make their envy none, or less: For when they see me arbiter of all, They must observe; or else, with Caesar fall. [Exit

 SCENE III. -Another Room in the same. Enter TIBEBIUS. 

 Tib. To marry Livia! will no less, Sejanus, Content thy aim? no lower object? well! Thou know'st how thou art wrought into our trust; Woven in our design; and think'st we must Now use thee, whatsoe'er thy projects are: 'Tis true. But yet with caution and fit care. And, now we better think----who's there within? Enter an Officer. Off. Caesar!

 Tib. To leave our journey off, were sin 'Gainst our decreed delights; and would appear Doubt; or, what less becomes a prince, low fear. Yet doubt hath law, and fears have their excuse. Where princes' states plead necessary use; As ours doth now: more in Sejanus' pride, Than all fell Agrippina's hates beside. Those are the dreadful enemies we raise With favours, and make dangerous with praise; The injured by us may have will alike, But 'tis the favourite hath the power to strike; And fury ever boils more high and strong, Heat with ambition, than revenge of wrong. 'Tis then a part of supreme skill, to grace No man too much; but hold a certain space Between the ascender's rise, and thine own flat, Lest, when all rounds be reach'd, his aim be that. 'Tis thought. [Aside. ] Is Macro in the palace? see: If not, go seek him, to come to us. ---- [Exit Offi. ] He must be the organ we must work by now; Though none less apt for trust: need doth allow What choice would not. I have heard that aconite, Being timely taken, hath a healing might Against the scorpion's stroke: the proof we'll give: That, while two poisons wrestle, we may live. He hath a spirit too working to be used But to the encounter of his like; excused Are wiser sov'reigns then, that raise one ill Against another, and both safely kill: The prince that feeds great natures, they will slay him; Who nourisheth a lion must obey him. ---- Be-enter Officer, with MACRO. Macro, we sent for you. 

 Mac. I heard so, Caesar. 

 Tib. Leave us awhile. ---- [Exit Officer. ] When you shall know. Good Macro, The causes of our sending, and the ends, You will then hearken nearer; and be pleas'd You stand so high both in our choice and trust. 

 Mac. The humblest place in Caesar's choice or trust, May make glad Macro proud; without ambition. Save to do Caesar service. 

 Tib. Leave your courtings. We are in purpose, Macro, to depart The city for a time, and see Campania; Not for our pleasures, but to dedicate A pair of temples, one to Jupiter At Capua; th' other at Nola, to Augustus: In which great work, perhaps our stay will be Beyond our will produced. . . Now since we are Not ignorant what danger may be born Out of our shortest absence in a state So subject unto envy, and embroil'd With hate and faction; we have thought on thee, Amongst a field of Romans, worthiest Macro, To be our eye and ear: to keep strict watch On Agrippina, Nero, Drusus; ay, And on Sejanus: not that we distrust His loyalty, or do repent one grace Of all that heap we have conferred on him; For that were to disparage our election, And call that judgment now in doubt, which then Seem'd as unquestion'd as an oracle- But, greatness hath his cankers. Worms and moths Breed out of too much humour, in the things Which after they consume, transferring quite The substance of their makers into themselves. Macro is sharp, and apprehends: besides, I know him subtle, close, wise, and well-read In man, and his large nature; he hath studied Affections, passions, knows their springs, their ends, Which way, and whether they will work: 'tis proof Enough of his great merit, that we trust him. Then to a point, because our conference Cannot be long without suspicion---- Here, Macro, we assign thee, both to spy, Inform, and chastise; think, and use thy means, Thy ministers, what, where, on whom thou wilt; Explore, plot, practise: all thou dost in this Shall be, as if the Senate, or the laws Had given it privilege, and thou thence styled The saviour both of Caesar and of Rome. We will not take thy answer but in act: Whereto, as thou proceed'st, we hope to hear By trusted messengers. If't be inquired, Wherefore we call'd you, say you have in charge To see our chariots ready, and our horse. ---- Be still our loved and, shortly, honour'd Macro. 

 Mac. I will not ask, why Caesar bids do this; But joy that he bids me. It is the bliss Of courts to be employ'd, no matter how; A prince's power makes all his actions virtue. We, whom he works by, are dumb instruments, To do, but not inquire: his great intents Are to be served, not search'd. Yet, as that bow Is most in hand, whose owner best doth know To affect his aims; so let that statesman hope Most use, most price, can hit his prince's scope. Nor must he look at what, or whom to strike, But loose at all; each mark must be alike. Were it to plot against the fame, the life Of one, with whom I twinn'd; remove a wife From my warm side, as loved as is the air; Practise sway each parent; draw mine heir In compass, though but one; work all my kin To swift perdition; leave no untrain'd engine, For friendship, or for innocence; nay, make The gods all guilty; I would undertake This, being imposed me, both with gain and ease: The way to rise is to obey and please. He that will thrive in state, he must neglect The trodden paths that truth and right respect; And prove new, wilder ways: for virtue there Is not that narrow thing, she is elsewhere; Men's fortune there is virtue; reason their will; Their license, law; and their observance, skill. Occasion is their foil; conscience, their stain; Profit their lustre; and what else is, vain. If then it be the lust of Caesar's power, To have raised Sejanus up, and in an hour O'erturn him, tumbling down, from height of all; We are his ready engine: and his fall May be our rise. It is no uncouth thing To see fresh buildings from old ruins spring. [Exit. 

ACT IV

 SCENE I. -An Apartment in AGRIPPINA'S House. Enter GALLUS and AGRIPPINA. 

 Gal. You must have patience, royal Agrippina. 

 Agr. I must have vengeance, first; and that were nectar Unto my famish'd spirits. O, my fortune, Let it be sudden thou prepar'st against me; Strike all my powers of understanding blind. And ignorant of destiny to come! Let me not fear that cannot hope. 

 Gal. Dear princess, These tyrannies on yourself, are worse than Caesar's. 

 Agr. Is this the happiness of being born great? Still to be aim'd at? still to be suspected? To live the subject of all jealousies? At least the colour made, if not the ground To every painted danger? who would not Choose once to fall, than thus to hang for ever?

 Gal. You might be safe if you would----

 Agr. What, my Gallus! Be lewd Sejanus' strumpet, or the bawd To Caesar's lusts, he now is gone to practise? Not these are safe, where nothing is. Yourself, While thus you stand but by me, are not safe. Was Silius safe? or the good Sosia safe? Or was my niece, dear Claudia Pulchra, safe, Or innocent Furnius? they that latest have (By being made guilty) added reputation To Afer's eloquence? O, foolish friends, Could not so fresh example warn your loves, But you must buy my favours with that loss Unto yourselves; and when you might perceive That Caesar's cause of raging must forsake him, Before his will! Away, good Gallus, leave me. Here to be seen, is danger; to speak, treason: To do me least observance, is call'd faction. You are unhappy in me, and I in all. Where are my sons, Nero and Drusus? We Are they be shot at; let us fall apart; Not in our ruins, sepulchre our friends. Or shall we do some action like offence, To mock their studies that would make us faulty, And frustrate practice by preventing it? The danger's like: for what they can contrive, They will make good. No innocence is safe, When power contests: nor can they trespass more, Whose only being was all crime before. 

 Enter NERO, DRUSUS, and CALIGULA. 

 Ner. You hear Sejanus is come back from Caesar?

 Gal. No. How? disgraced?

 Dru. More graced now than ever. 

 Cal. By what mischance?

 Cal. A fortune like enough Once to be bad. 

 Dru. But turn'd too good to both. 

 Gal. What was't?

 Ner. Tiberius sitting at his meat, In a farm-house they call Spelunca, sited By the sea-side, among the Fundane hills, Within a natural cave; part of the grot, About the entry, fen, and overwhelm'd Some of the waiters; others ran away: Only Sejanus with his knees, hands, face, O'erhanging Caesar, did oppose himself To the remaining ruins, and was found In that so labouring posture by the soldiers That came to succour him. With which adventure, He hath so fix'd himself in Caesar's trust, As thunder cannot move him, and is come With all the height of Caesar's praise to Rome. 

 Agr. And power, to turn those ruins all on us; And bury whole posterities beneath them. Nero, and Drusus, and Caligula, Your places are the next, and therefore most In their offence. Think on your birth and blood. Awake your spirits, meet their violence; 'Tis princely when a tyrant doth oppose, And is a fortune sent to exercise Your virtue, as the wind doth try strong trees, Who by vexation grow more sound and firm. After your father's fall, and uncle's fate, What can you hope, but all the change of stroke That force or sleight can give? then stand upright; And though you do not act, yet suffer nobly: Be worthy of my womb, and take strong chear; What we do know will come, we should not fear. [Exeunt. 

 SCENE ll. ----The Street

 Enter MACRO. 

 Mac. Return'd so soon! renew'd in trust and grace! Is Caesar then so weak, or hath the place But wrought this alteration with the air; And he, on next remove, will all repair? Macro, thou art engaged: and what before Was public; now, must be thy private, more. The weal of Caesar, fitness did imply; But thine own fate confers necessity On thy employment; and the thoughts born nearest Unto ourselves, move swiftest still, and dearest. If he recover, thou art lost; yea, all The weight of preparation to his fall Will turn on thee, and crush thee: therefore strike Before he settle, to prevent the like Upon thyself. He doth his vantage know, That makes it home, and gives the foremost blow. [Exit. 

 SCENE Ill. -An upper Room of AGRIPPINA'S HOUSE. 

 Enter LATIARIS, RUFUS, and OPSIUS

 Lat. It is a service lord Sejanus will See well requited, and accept of nobly. Here place yourself between the roof and ceiling; And when I bring him to his words of danger, Reveal yourselves, and take him. 

 Ruf. Is he come?

 Lat. I'll now go fetch him. 

 Ops. With good speed. -I long To merit from the state in such an action. 

 Ruf. I hope, it will obtain the consulship For one of us. . . 

 Ops. We cannot think of less, To bring in one so dangerous as Sabinus. 

 Ruf. He was follower of Germanicus, And still is an observer of his wife And children, though they be declined in grace A daily visitant, keeps them company In private and in public, and is noted To be the only client of the house: Pray Jove. He will be free to Latiaris. 

 Ops. He's allied to him, and doth trust him well. Ruf: And he'll requite his trust!

 Ops. To do an office So grateful to the state, I know no man But would strain nearer bands, than kindred----

 Ruf. List! I hear them come. 

 Ops. Shift to our holes with silence. [They retire

 Re-enter LATIARIS and SABINUS. Lat. It is a noble constancy you shew To this afflicted house; that not like others, The friends of season, you do follow fortune, And, in the winter of their fate, forsake The place whose glories warm'd you. You are just, And worthy such a princely patron's love, As was the world's renown'd Germanicus: Whose ample merit when I call to thought, And see his wife and issue, objects made To so much envy, jealousy, and hate; It makes me ready to accuse the gods Of negligence, as men of tyranny. 

 Sab. They must be patient, so must we. 

 Lat. O Jove, What will become of us or of the times, When, to be high or noble, are made crimes, When land and treasure are most dangerous faults!

 Sab. Nay, when our table, yea our bed, assaults Our peace and safety? when our writings are, By any envious instruments, that dare Apply them to the guilty, made to speak What they will have to fit their tyrannous wreak? When ignorance is scarcely innocence; And knowledge made a capital offence! When not so much, but the bare empty shade Of liberty is raft us; and we made The prey to greedy vultures and vile spies, That first transfix us with their murdering eyes. 

 Lat. Methinks the genius of the Roman race Should not be so extinct, but that bright flame Of liberty might be revived again, (Which no good man but. With his life should lose) And we not sit like spent and patient fools, Still puffing in the dark at one poor coal, Held on by hope till the last spark is out. The cause is public, and the honour, name, The immortality of every soul, That is not bastard or a slave in Rome, Therein concern'd: whereto, if men would change The wearied arm, and for the weighty shield So long sustain'd, employ the facile sword, We might soon have assurance of our vows. This ass's fortitude doth tire us all: It must be active valour must redeem Our loss, or none. The rock and 'our hard steel Should meet to enforce those glorious fires again, Whose splendour cheer'd the world, and heat gave life, No less than doth the sun's. Sab. 'Twere better stay In lasting darkness, and despair of day. No ill should force the subject undertake Against the sovereign, more than hell should make The gods do wrong. A good man should and must Sit rather down with loss, than rise unjust. Though, when the Romans first did yield themselves To one man's power, they did not mean their lives, Their fortunes and their liberties, should be His absolute spoil, as purchased by the sword. 

 Lat. Why we are worse, if to be slaves, and bond To Caesar's slave be such, the proud Sejanus! He that is all, does all, gives Caesar leave To hide his ulcerous and anointed face, With his bald crown at Rhodes, while he here stalks Upon the heads of Romans, and their princes, Familiarly to empire. 

 Sab. Now you touch A point indeed, wherein he shews his art, As well as power. 

 Lat. And villainy in both. Do you observe where Livia lodges? how Drusus came dead? what men have been cut off?

 Sab. Yes, those are things removed: I nearer look'd Into his later practice, where he stands Declared a master in his mystery. First, ere Tiberius went, he wrought his fear To think that Agrippina sought his death. Then put those doubts in her; sent her oft word. Under the show of friendship, to beware Of Caesar, for he laid to poison her: Drave them to frowns, to mutual jealousies, Which, now, in visible hatred are burst out. Since, he hath had his hired instruments To work on Nero, and to heave him up; To tell him Caesar's old, that all the people, Yea, all the army have their eyes on him; That both do long to have him undertake Something of worth, to give the world a hope; Bids him to court their grace: the easy youth Perhaps gives ear, which straight he writes to Caesar; And with this comment: See yon dangerous boy; Note but the practice of the mother, there; She's tying him for purposes at hand, With men of sword. Here's Caesar put in fright 'Gainst son and mother. Yet, he leaves not thus. The second brother, Drusus, a fierce nature, And fitter for his snares, because ambitious And full of envy, him he clasps and hugs, Poisons with praise, tells him what hearts he wears, How bright he stands in popular expectance; That Rome doth suffer with him in the wrong His mother does him, by preferring Nero: Thus sets he them asunder, each 'gainst other, Projects the course that serves him to condemn, Keeps in opinion of a friend to all, And all drives on to ruin. 

 Lat. Caesar sleeps, And nods at this. 

 Sab. Would he might ever sleep, Bogg'd in his filthy lusts! [Opsius and Rufus rush in. 

 Ops. Treason to Caesar!

 Ruf. Lay hands upon the traitor, Latiaris, Or take the name thyself. 

 Lat. I am for Caesar. 

 Sab. Am I then catch'd?

 Ruf. How think you, sir? you are. 

 Sab. Spies of this head, so white, so full of years! Well, my most reverend monsters, you may live To see yourselves thus snared. 

 Ops, Away with him!

 Lat. Hale him away. 

 Ruf. To be a spy for traitors, Is honourable vigilance. 

 Sab. You do well, My most officious instruments of state; Men of all uses: drag me hence, away. The year is well begun, and I fall fit To be an offering to Sejanus. Go!

 Ops. Cover him with his garments, hide his face. 

 Sab. It shall not need. Forbear your rude assault. The fault's not shameful, villainy makes a fault. [Exeunt. 

 SCENE IV. ----The Street before AGRIPPINA. 'S House. 

 Enter MACRO and CALIGULA. 

 Mac. Sir, but observe how thick your dangers meet In his clear drifts! your mother and your brothers, Now cited to the senate; their friend Gallus, Feasted to-day by Caesar, since committed! Sabinus here we met, hurried to fetters: The senators all strook with fear and silence, Save those whose hopes depend not on good means, But force their private prey from public spoil. And you must know, if here you stay, your state Is sure to be the subject of his hate, As now the object. 

 Gal. What would you advise me?

 Mac. To go for Capreae presently; and there Give up yourself entirely to your uncle. Tell Caesar (since your mother is accused To fly for succours to Augustus' statue, And to the army with your brethren) you Have rather chose to place your aids in him, Than live suspected; or in hourly fear To be thrust out, by bold Sejanus' plots: Which, you shall confidently urge to be Most full of peril to the state, and Caesar, As being laid to his peculiar ends, And not to be let run with common safety. All which, upon the second, I'll make plain, So both shall love and trust with Caesar gain. 

 Gal. Away then, let's prepare us for our journey. [Exeunt

 SCENE V. -Another part of the Street. 

 Enter ARRUNTIUS. 

 Arr. Still dost thou suffer, heaven! will no flame, No heat of sin, make thy just wrath to boil In thy distemper'd bosom, and o'erflow The pitchy blazes of impiety, Kindled beneath thy throne! Still canst thou sleep, Patient, while vice doth make an antick face At thy dread power, and blow dust and smoke Into thy nostrils! Jove! will nothing wake thee? Must vile Sejanus pull thee by the beard, Ere thou wilt open thy black-lidded eye, And look him dead? Well! snore on, dreaming gods, And let this last of that proud giant-race Heave mountain upon mountain, 'gainst your state---- Be good unto me, Fortune and you powers, Whom I, expostulating, have profaned; I see what's equal with a prodigy, A great, a noble Roman, and an honest, Live an old man!---- Enter LEPIDUS. O Marcus Lepidus, When is our turn to bleed? Thyself and I, Without our boast, are almost all the few Left to be honest in these impious times. 

 Lep. What we are left to be, we will be, Lucius; Though tyranny did stare as wide as death, To fright us from it. 

 Arr. 'T hath so on Sabinus. 

 Lep. I saw him now drawn from the Gemonies, And, what increased the direness of the fact, His faithful dog, upbraiding all us Romans, Never forsook the corps, but, seeing it thrown Into the stream, leap'd in, and drown'd with it. 

 Arr. O act, to be envied him of us men! We are the next the hook lays hold on, Marcus: What are thy arts, good patriot, teach them me, That have preserved thy hairs to this white dye, And kept so reverend and so dear a head Safe on his comely shoulders?

 Lep. Arts, Arruntius! None, but the plain and passive fortitude, To suffer and be silent; never stretch These arms against the torrent; live at home, With my own thoughts, and innocence about me, Not tempting the wolves' jaws: these are my arts. 

 Arr. I would begin to study 'em, if I thought They would secure me. May I pray to Jove In secret and be safe? ay, or aloud, With open wishes, so I do not mention Tiberius or Sejanus? yes, I must, If I speak out. 'Tis hard that. May I think, And not be rack'd? What danger is't to dream, Talk in one's sleep, or cough? Who knows the law? May I shake my head without a comment? say It rains, or it holds up, and not be thrown Upon the Gemonies? These now are things, Whereon men's fortune, yea, their faith depends. Nothing hath privilege 'gainst the violent ear. No place, no day, no hour, we see, is free, Not our religious and most sacred times, From some one kind of cruelty: all matter Nay, all occasion pleaseth. Madmen's rage, The idleness of drunkards, women's nothing, Jester's simplicity, all, all is good That can be catcht at. . . Nor is now the event Of any person, or for any crime, To be expected; for 'tis always one: Death, with some little difference of place, Or time----What's this? Prince Nero, guarded! Enter LACO and NERO, with Guards. Lac. On, lictors, keep your way. My lords, forbear. On pain of Caesar's wrath, no man attempt Speech with the prisoner. 

 Nero. Noble friends, be safe; To lose yourselves for words, were as vain hazard, As unto me small comfort: fare you well. Would all Rome's sufferings in my fate did dwell!

 Lac. Lictors, away. 

 Lep. Where goes he, Laco?

 Lac. Sir, He's banish'd into Pontia by the senate. 

 Arr. Do I see, hear, and feel? May I trust sense, Or doth my phant'sie form it? Lep. Where's his brother?

 Lac. Drusus is prisoner in the palace. 

 Arr. Ha! I smell it now: 'tis rank. Where's Agrippina?

 Lac. The princess is confined to Pandataria. 

 Arr. Bolts, Vulcan; bolts for Jove! Phoebus, thy bow; Stern Mars, thy sword: and, blue-ey'd maid, thy spear; Thy club, Alcides: all the armoury Of heaven is too little!----Ha!----to guard The gods, I meant. Fine, rare dispatch I this same Was swiftly born! Confined, imprison'd, banish'd? Most tripartite! the cause, sir?

 Lac. Treason. 

 Arr. O! The complement of all accusings! that Will hit, when all else fails. 

 Lep. This turn is strange! But yesterday the people would not hear, Far less objected, but cried Caesar's letters Were false and forged; that all these plots were malice; And that the ruin of the prince's house Was practised' gainst his knowledge. Where are now Their voices, now, that they behold his heirs Lock'd up, disgraced, led into exile?

 Arr. Hush'd, Drown'd in their bellies. Wild Sejanus' breath Hath, like a whirlwind, scatter'd that poor dust, With this rude blast----We'll talk no treason, sir, [Turns to Laco and the rest If that be it you stand for. Fare you well. We have no need of horse-leeches. Good spy, Now you are spied, be gone. [Exeunt Laco, Nero, and Guards. Lep. I fear you wrong him: He has the voice to be an honest Roman. 

 Arr. And trusted to this office! Lepidus, I'd sooner trust Greek Sinon, than a man Our state employs. He's gone: and being gone, I dare tell you, whom I dare better trust, That our night-eyed Tiberius doth not see His minion's drifts; or, if he do, he's not So arrant subtile, as we fools do take him; To breed a mungrel up, in his own house, With his own blood, and, if the good gods please, At his own throat, flesh him, to take a leap. I do not beg it, heaven; but if the fates Grant it these eyes, they must not wink. 

 Lep. They must Not see it, Lucius. 

 Arr. Who should let them?

 Lep. Zeal, And duty: with the thought he is our prince. 

 Arr. He is our monster: forfeited to vice So far, as no rack'd virtue can redeem him. His loathed person fouler than all crimes: An emperor, only in his lusts. Retired, From all regard of his own fame, or Rome's, Into an obscure island; where he lives Acting his tragedies with a comic face, Amidst his route of Chaldees: spending hours, Days, weeks, and months, in the unkind abuse Of grave astrology, to the bane of men, Casting the scope of men's nativities, And having found aught worthy in their fortune, Kill, or precipitate them in the sea, And boast, he can mock fate. Nay, muse not: these Are far from ends of evil, scarce degrees. He hath his slaughter-house at Capreae; Where he doth study murder, as an art; And they are dearest in his grace, that can Devise the deepest tortures. Thither, too, He hath his boys, and beauteous girls ta'en up Out of our noblest houses, the best form'd, Best nurtured, and most modest; what's their good, Serves to provoke his bad. Some are allured, Some threaten'd; others, by their friends detained, Are ravish'd hence, like captives, and, in sight Of their most grieved parents, dealt away Unto his spintries, sellaries, and slaves, Masters of strange and new commented lusts, For which wise nature hath not left a name. To this (what most strikes us, and bleeding Rome) He is, with all his craft, become the ward To his own vassal, a stale catamite: Whom he, upon our low and suffering necks, Hath raised from excrement to side the gods, And have his proper sacrifice in Rome: Which Jove beholds, and yet will sooner rive A senseless oak with thunder than his trunk!----

 Re-enter LACO with POMPONIUS and MINUTIUS. Lac. These letters make men doubtful what t' expect, Whether his coming, or his death. 

 Pom. Troth, both: And which comes soonest, thank the gods for. 

 Arr. List! Their talk is Caesar; I would hear all voices. 

 [Arrunt. And Lepidus stand aside Min. One day, he's well; and will return to Rome; The next day, sick; and knows not when to hope it. 

 Lac. True; and to-day, one of Sejanus' friends Honour'd by special writ; and on the morrow Another punish'd----

 Pom. By more special writ. 

 Min. This man receives his praises of Sejanus, A second but slight mention, a third none, A fourth rebukes: and thus he leaves the senate Divided and suspended, all uncertain. 

 Lac. These forked tricks, I understand them not: Would he would tell us whom he loves or hates, That we might follow, without fear or doubt. 

 Arr. Good Heliotrope! Is this your honest man? Let him be yours so still; he is my knave. 

 Pom. I cannot tell, Sejanus still goes on, And mounts, we see; new statues are advanced, Fresh leaves of titles, large inscriptions read, His fortune sworn by, himself new gone out Caesar's colleague in the fifth consulship; More altars smoke to him than all the gods: What would we more?

 Arr. That the dear smoke would choke him, That would I more. 

 Lep. Peace, good Arruntius. 

 Lat. But there are letters come, they say, ev'n now, Which do forbid that last. 

 Min. Do you hear so?

 Lac. Yes. 

 Pom. By Castor, that's the worst. 

 Arr. By Pollux, best. 

 Min. I did not like the sign, when Regulus, Whom all we know no friend unto Sejanus, Did, by Tiberius' so precise command, Succeed a fellow in the consulship: It boded somewhat. 

 Pom. Not a mote. His partner, Fulcinius Trio, is his own, and sure. ---- Here comes Terentius. Enter TERENTIUS. He can give us more. [They whisper with Terentius. Lep. I'll ne'er believe, but Caesar hath some scent Of bold Sejanus' footing. These cross points Of varying letters, and opposing consuls, Mingling his honours and his punishments, Feigning now ill, now well, raising Sejanus, And then depressing him, as now of late In all reports we have it, cannot be Empty of practice: 'tis Tiberius' art. For having found his favourite grown too great, And with his greatness strong; that all the soldiers Are, with their leaders, made a his devotion; That almost all the senate are his creatures, Or hold on him their main dependencies, Either for benefit, or hope, or fear; And that himself hath lost much of his own, By parting unto him; and, by th' increase Of his rank lusts and rages, quite disarm'd Himself of love, or other public means, To dare an open contestation; His subtilty hath chose this doubling line, To hold him even in: not so to fear him, As wholly put him out, and yet give check Unto his farther boldness. In mean time, By his employments, makes him odious Unto the staggering rout, whose aid, in fine, He hopes to use, as sure, who, when they sway. Bear down, o'erturn all objects in their way. 

 Arr. You may be a Lynceus, Lepidus: yet I See no such cause, but that a politic tyrant, Who can so well disguise it, should have ta'en A nearer way: feign'd honest, and come home To cut his throat, by law. 

 Lep. Ay, but his fear Would ne'er be mask'd, allbe his vices were. 

 Pom. His lordship then is still in grace?

 Ter. Assure you, Never in more, either of grace or power. 

 Pom. The gods are wise and just. 

 Arr. The fiends they are, To suffer thee belie 'em. 

 Ter. I have here His last and present letters, where he writes him, The partner of his cares, and his Sejanus. ----

 Lac. But is that true? it is prohibited To sacrifice unto him?

 Ter. Some such thing Caesar makes scruple of, but forbids it not; No more than to himself: says he could wish It were forborn to all. 

 Lac. Is it no other?

 Ter. No other, on my trust. For your more surety, Here is that letter too. 

 Arr. How easily Do wretched men believe, what they would have! Looks this like plot?

 Lep. Noble Arruntius, stay. 

 Lac. He names him here without his titles. 

 Lep. Note!

 Arr. Yes, and come off your notable fool. I will

 Lac. No other than Sejanus. 

 Pom. That's but haste In him that writes: here he gives large amends. 

 Mar. And with his own hand written?

 Pom. Yes. 

 Lac. Indeed?

 Ter. Believe it, gentlemen, Sejanus' breast Never received more full contentments in, Than at this present. 

 Pom. Takes he well the escape Of young Caligula, with Macro?

 Ter. Faith, At the first air it somewhat troubled him. 

 Lep. Observe you?

 Arr. Nothing; riddles. Till I see Sejanus struck, no sound thereof strikes me. 

 [Exeunt Arrun. And Lepidus. Pom. I like it not. I muse he would not attempt Somewhat against him in the consulship, Seeing the people 'gin to favour him. 

 Ter. He doth repent it now; but he has employ'd Pagonianus after him: and he holds That correspondence there, with all that are Near about Caesar, as no thought can pass Without his knowledge, thence in act to front him. 

 Pom. I gratulate the news. 

 Lac. But how comes Macro So in trust and favour with Caligula?

 Pom. O, sir, he has a wife; and the young prince An appetite: he can look up, and spy Flies in the roof, when there are fleas i' the bed; And hath a learned nose to assure his sleeps. Who to be favour'd of the rising sun, Would not lend little of his waning moon? It is the saf'st ambition. Noble Terentius!

 Ter. The night grows fast upon us. At your service. [Exeunt. 

ACT V

 SCENE I. -An Apartment in SEJANUS' House. Enter SEJANUS. 

 Sej. Swell, swell, my joys; and faint not to declare Yourselves as ample as your causes are. I did not live till now; this my first hour; Wherein I see my thoughts reach'd by my power. But this, and gripe my wishes. Great and high, The world knows only two, that's Rome and I. My roof receives me not; 'tis air I tread; And, at each step, I feel my advanced head Knock out a star in heaven! rear'd to this height, All my desires seem modest, poor, and slight, That did before sound impudent: 'tis place, Not blood, discerns the noble and the base. Is there not something more than to be Caesar? Must we rest there'! it irks t' have come so far, To be so near a stay. Caligula, Would thou stood'st stiff, and many in our way! Winds lose their strength, when they do empty fly, Unmet of woods or buildings; great fires die, That want their matter to withstand them: so, It is our grief, and will be our loss, to know Our power shall want opposites; unless The gods, by mixing in the cause, would bless Our fortune with their conquest. That were worth Sejanus' strife; durst fates but bring it forth. Enter TERENTIUS. 

 Ter. Safety to great Sejanus!

 Sej. Now, Terentius?

 Ter. Hears not my lord the wonder?

 Sej. Speak it, no. 

 Ter. I meet it violent in the people's mouths, Who run in routs to Pompey's theatre, To view your statue, which, they say, sends forth A smoke, as from a furnace, black and dreadful. 

 Sej. Some traitor hath put fire in: you, go see, And let the head be taken oft', to look What 'tis. [Exit Terentius. ]---- Some slave hath practised an imposture, To stir the people. -How now! why return you?

 Reenter TERENTIUS, with SATRIUS and NATTA. Sat. The head, my lord, already is ta'en off, I saw it; and, at opening, there leapt out A great and monstrous serpent. 

 Sej. Monstrous! why? Had it a beard, and horns? no heart? a tongue Forked as flattery? look'd it of the hue, To such as live in great men's bosoms? was The spirit of it Macro's?

 Nat. May it please The most divine Sejanus, in my days, (And by his sacred fortune, I affirm it, ) I have not seen a more extended, grown, Foul, spotted, venomous, ugly----

 Sej. O, the fates! What a wild muster's here of attributes, T' express a worm, a snake!

 Ter. But how that should Come there, my lord!

 Sej. What, and you too, Terentius! I think you mean to make 't a prodigy In your reporting. 

 Ter. Can the wise Sejanus Think heaven hath meant it less!

 Sej. O, superstition! Why, then the falling of our bed, that brake This morning, burden'd with the populous weight, Of our expecting clients, to salute us; Or running of the cat betwixt our legs, As we set forth unto the Capitol, Were prodigies. 

 Ter. I think them ominous; And would they had not happened! As, to-day, The fate of some your servants: who, declining Their way, not able, for the throng, to follow, Slipt down the Gemonies, and brake their necks! Besides, in taking your last augury, No prosperous bird appear'd; but croaking ravens Flagg'd up and down, and from the sacrifice Flew to the prison, where they sat all night, Beating the air with their obstreperous beaks! I dare not counsel, but I could entreat, That great Sejanus would attempt the gods Once more with sacrifice. 

 Sej. What excellent fools Religion makes of men! Believes Terentius, If these were dangers, as I shame to think them, The gods could change the certain course of fate! Or, if they could they would, now in a moment, For a beeve's fat, or less, be bribed to invert Those long decrees? Then think the gods, like flies, Are to be taken with the steam of flesh, Or blood, diffused about their altars: think Their power as cheap as I esteem it small. ---- Of all the throng that fill th' Olympian hall, And, without pity, lade poor Atlas' back, I know not that one deity, but Fortune, To whom I would throw up, in begging smoke, One grain of incense; or whose ear I'd buy With thus much oil. Her I, indeed, adore; And keep her grateful image in my house, Sometime belonging to a Roman king. But now call'd mine, as by the better style: To her I care not, if, for satisfying Your scrupulous phant'sies, I go offer. Bid Our priest prepare us honey, milk, and poppy, His masculine odours, and night-vestments: say, Our rites are instant; which perform'd, you'll see How vain, and worthy laughter, your fears be. [Exeunt

 SCENE II. -Another Room in the same. Enter COTTA and POMPONIUS. 

 Cot. Pomponius, whither in such speed?

 Pom. I go To give my lord Sejanus notice----

 Cot. What?

 Pom. Of Macro. 

 Cot. Is he come?

 Pom. Enter'd but now The house of Regulus

 Cot. The opposite consul!

 Pom. Some half hour since. 

 Cot. And by night too! Stay, sir; I'll bear you company. 

 Pom. Along then---- [Exeunt

 SCENE III. -A Room in REGULUS'S House. Enter MACRO, REGULUS, and Attendant. 

 Mac. Tis Caesar's will to have a frequent senate; And therefore must your edict lay deep mulct On such as shall be absent. 

 Reg. So it doth. Bear it my fellow consul to adscribe. 

 Mac. And tell him it must early be proclaim'd: The place Apollo's temple. [Exit Attendant

 Reg. That's remember'd. 

 Mac. And at what hour!

 Reg. Yes. 

 Mac. You do forget To send one for the provost of the watch. 

 Reg. I have not: here he comes. Enter LACO. Mac. Gracinus Laco, You are a friend most welcome: by and by, I'll speak with you. ----You must procure this list Of the praetorian cohorts, with the names Of the centurions, and their tribunes. 

 Reg. Ay. 

 Mac. I bring you letters, and a health from Caesar----

 Lac. Sir, both come well. 

 Mac. And hear you? with your note, Which are the eminent men, and most of action. 

 Reg. That shall be done you too. 

 Mac. Most worthy Laco, Caesar salutes you. ---- [Exit Regulus. ] Consul! death and furies! Gone now!----The argument will please you, sir. Ho! Regulus! The anger of the gods Follow your diligent legs, and overtake 'em, In likeness of the gout!---- [Re-enter REGULUS. O, my good lord, We lack'd you present; I would pray you send Another to Fulcinius Trio, straight, To tell him you will come, and speak with him: The matter we'll devise, to stay him there, While I with Laco do survey the watch. [Exit Regulus. What are your strengths, Gracinus?

 Lac. Seven cohorts. 

 Mac. You see what Caesar writes; and----Gone again! H' has sure a vein of mercury in his feet. ---- Know you what store of the praetorian soldiers Sejanus holds about him, for his guard?

 Lac. I cannot the just number; but, I think, Three centuries. 

 Mac. Three! good. 

 Lac. At most not four. 

 Mac. And who be those centurions?

 Lac. That the consul Can best deliver you. 

 Mac. When he's away! Spite on his nimble industry----Gracinus, You find what place you hold. There, in the trust Of royal Caesar?

 Lac. Ay, and I am----

 Mac. Sir, The honours there proposed are but beginnings Of his great favours. 

 Lac. They are more----

 Mac. I heard him When he did study what to add. 

 Lac. My life, And all I hold----

 Mac. You were his own first choice: Which doth confirm as much as you can speak; And will, if we succeed, make more----Your guards Are seven cohorts, you say?

 Lac. Yes. 

 Mac. Those we must Hold still in readiness and undischarged. 

 Lac. I understand so much. But how it can----

 Mac. Be done without suspicion, you'll object? Re-enter REGULUS. Reg. What's that?

 Lac. The keeping of the watch in arms, When morning comes. 

 Mac. The senate shall be met, and set So early in the temple, as all mark Of that shall be avoided. 

 Reg. If we need, We have commission to possess the palace, Enlarge prince Drusus, and make him our chief. 

 Mac. That secret would have burnt his reverend mouth, Had he not spit it out now: by the gods, You carry things too----Let me borrow a man Or two, to bear these----That of freeing Drusus, Caesar projected as the last and utmost; Not else to be remember'd. Enter Servants. Reg. Here are servants. 

 Mac. These to Arruntius, these to Lepidus; This bear to Cotta, this to Latiaris. If they demand you of me, say I have ta'en Fresh horse, and am departed. [Exeunt Servants. You, my lord, To your colleague, and be you sure to hold him With long narration of the new fresh favours, Meant to Sejanus, his great patron; I, With trusted Laco, here, are for the guards: Then to divide. For, night hath many eyes, Whereof, though most do sleep, yet some are spies. [Exeunt

 SCENE IV. -A Sacellum (or Chapel) in SEJANUS'S House. Enter Praecones, Flamen, Tubicines, Tibicines, Ministri, SEJANUS, TERENTIUS, SATRIUS, NATTA, etc. 

 Prae. Be all profane far hence; fly, fly far off: Be absent far; far hence be all profane! [Tub. And Tib. Sound while the Flamen washeth. Fla. We have been faulty, but repent us now, And bring pure hands, pure vestments, and pure minds. 

 1 Min. Pure vessels. 

 2 Min. And pure offerings. 

 3 Min. Garlands pure. 

 Fla. Bestow your garlands: and, with reverence, place The vervin on the altar. 

 Prae. Favour your tongues. 

 [While they sound again, the Flamen takes of the honey with his finger, and tastes, then ministers to all the rest; so of the milk, in an earthen vessel, he deals about; which done, he sprinkleth upon the altar, milk; then imposeth the honey, and kindleth his gums, and after censing about the altar, placeth his censer thereon, into which they put several branches of poppy, and the music ceasing, proceeds. 

 Fla. Great mother Fortune, queen of human state, Redress of action, arbitress of fate, To whom all sway, all power, all empire bows, Be present; and propitious to our vows!

 Prae. Favour it with your tongues. 

 Min. Be present and propitious to our vows!

 Omnes. Accept our offering and be pleased, great goddess. 

 Ter. See, see, the image stirs!

 Sat. And turns away!

 Nat. Fortune averts her face. 

 Fla. Avert, you gods, The prodigy. Still! still, some pious rite We have neglected. Yet, heaven be appeased, And be all tokens false and void, that speak Thy present wrath!

 Sej. Be thou dumb, scrupulous priest: And gather up thyself, with these thy wares Which I, in spite of thy blind mistress, or Thy juggling mystery, religion, throw Thus scorned on the earth. [Overturns the statue and the altar. 

 Nay, hold thy look Averted till I woo thee turn again And thou shalt stand to all posterity, The eternal game and laughter, with thy neck Writh'd to thy tail, like a ridiculous cat. Avoid these fumes, these superstitious lights, And all these cozening ceremonies: you, Your pure and spiced conscience! [Exeunt all but Sejanus, Terent. , Satri. , and Natta. 

 I, the slave And mock of fools, scorn on my worthy head! That have been titled and adored a god, Yea, sacrificed unto, myself, in Rome, No less than Jove: and I be brought to do A peevish giglot, rites! perhaps the thought And shame of that, made fortune turn her face, Knowing herself the lesser deity, And but my servant. -Bashful queen, if so, Sejanus thanks thy modesty. ----Who's that? Enter POMPONIUS and MINUTIUS. 

 Pom. His fortune suffers, till he hears my news: I have waited here too long. Macro, my lord----

 Sej. Speak lower and withdraw. [Takes him aside. 

 Ter. Are these things true?

 Min. Thousands are gazing at it in the streets. 

 Sej. What's that?

 Ter. Minutius tells us here, my lord, That a new head being set upon your statue, A rope is since found wreath'd about it! and, But now a fiery meteor in the form Of a great ball was seen to roll along The troubled air, where yet it hangs unperfect, The amazing wonder of the multitude!

 Sej. No more. That Macro's come, is more than all!

 Ter. Is Macro come?

 Pom. I saw him. 

 Ter. Where? with whom?

 Pom. With Regulus. 

 Sej. Terentius!

 Per. My lord. 

 Sej. Send for the tribunes, we will straight have up More of the soldiers for our guard. [Exit Per. ] Minutius, We pray you go for Cotta, Latiaris, Trio, the consul, or what senators You know are sure, and ours. [Exit Min. ] You, my good Natta, For Laco, provost of the watch. [Exit Nat. ] Now, Satrius, The time of proof comes on; arm all our servants, And without tumult. [Exit Sat. ] You, Pomponius, Hold some good correspondence with the consul: Attempt him, noble friend. [Exit Pomp. ] These things begin To look like dangers, now, worthy my fates. Fortune, I see thy worst: let doubtful states, And things uncertain, hang upon thy will: Me surest death shall render certain still. Yet, why is now my thought turn'd toward death, Whom fates have let go on, so far in breath, Uncheck'd or unreproved? I that did help To fell the lofty cedar of the world, Germanicus; that at one stroke cut down Drusus, that upright elm; wither'd his vine; Laid Silius and Sabinus, two strong oaks, Flat on the earth; besides those other shrubs, Cordus and Sosia, Claudia Pulchra, Furnius and Gallus, which I have grubb'd up; And since, have set my axe so strong and deep Into the root of spreading Agrippina; Lopt off and scatter'd her proud branches, Nero. Drusus; and Caius too, although re-planted. If you will, Destinies, that after all, I faint now ere I touch my period, You are but cruel; and I already have done Things great enough. All Rome hath been my slave; The senate sate an idle looker on, And witness of my power; when I have blush'd More to command than it to suffer: all The fathers have sate ready and prepared. To give me empire, temples, or their throats. When I would ask 'em; and what crowns the top, Rome, senate, people, all the world have seen Jove, but my equal; Caesar, but my second. 'Tis then your malice, Fates, who, but your own, Envy and fear to have any power long known. 

 SCENE V. ----A Room in the same. 

 Enter TERENTIUS and Tribunes. 

 Ter. Stay here: I'll give his lordship, you are come. Enter MINUTIUS, with COTTA and LATIARIS. Min. Marcus Terentius, 'pray you tell my lord Here's Cotta, and Latiaris. 

 Ter. Sir, I shall. 

 Cot. My letter is the very same with yours; Only requires me to be present there, And give my voice to strengthen his design. 

 Lat. Names he not what it is?

 Cot. No, nor to you. 

 Lat. 'Tis strange and singular doubtful!

 Cot. So it is. It may be all is left to lord Sejanus. Enter NATTA and GRACINUS LACO. 

 Nat. Gentlemen, where's my lord?

 Tri. We wait him here. 

 Cot. The provost Laco! what's the news?

 Lat. My lord----

 Enter SEJANUS. 

 Sej. Now, my right dear, noble, and trusted friends, How much I am a captive to your kindness! Most worthy Cotta, Latiaris, Laco, Your valiant hand; and, gentlemen, your loves. I wish I could divide myself unto you; Or that it lay within our narrow powers, To satisfy for so enlarged bounty. Gracinus, we must pray you, hold your guards Unquit when morning comes. Saw you the consul?

 Min. Trio will presently be here, my lord. 

 Cot. They are but giving order for the edict, To warn the senate. 

 Sej. How! the senate?

 Lac. Yes. This morning in Apollo's temple. 

 Cot. We Are charged by letter to be there, my lord. 

 Sej. By letter! pray you, let's see. 

 Lat. Knows not his lordship?

 Cot. It seems so!

 Sej. A senate warn'd! Without my knowledge! And on this sudden! Senators by letters Required to be there! who brought these?

 Cot. Macro. 

 Sej. Mine enemy! and when?

 Cot. This midnight. 

 Sej. Time, With every other circumstance, doth give It hath some strain of engine in't!----How now? Enter SATRIUS. Sat. My lord, Sertorius Macro is without, Alone, and prays t' have private conference In business of high nature with your lordship, He says to me, and which regards you much. 

 Sej. Let him come here. 

 Sat. Better, my lord, Withdraw: You will betray what store and strength of friends Are now about you; which he comes to spy. 

 Sej. Is he not arm'd?

 Sat. We'll search him. 

 Sej. No; but take, And lead him to some room, where you conceal'd May keep a guard upon us. [Exit Sat. ] Noble Laco, You are our trust; and till our own cohorts Can be brought up, your strengths must be our guard. Now, good Minutius, honour'd Latiaris, [He salutes them humbly. Most worthy and my most unwearied friends: I return instantly. [Exit. 

 Lat. Most worthy lord. 

 Cot. His lordship is turn'd instant kind, methinks; I have not observed it in him, heretofore. 

 1 Tri. 'Tis true, and it becomes him nobly. 

 Min. I Am wrapt withal. 

 2 Tri. By Mars, he has my lives, Were they a million, for this only grace. 

 Lac. Ay, and to name a man!

 Lat. As he did me!

 Min. And me!

 Lat. Who would not spend his life and fortunes, To purchase but the look of such a lord?

 Lac. He that would nor be lord's fool, nor the world's. [Aside. 

 SCENE VI. -Another Room in the same. Enter SEJANUS, MACRO, and SATRIUS. 

 Sej. Macro! most welcome, a most coveted friend! Let me enjoy my longings. When arrived you?

 Mac. About the noon of night. 

 Sej. Satrius, give leave. [Exit Sat. 

 Mac. I have been, since I came, with both the consuls, On a particular design from Caesar. 

 Sej. How fares it with our great and royal master?

 Mac. Right plentifully well; as, with a prince, That still holds out the great proportion Of his large favours, where his judgment hath Made once divine election: like the god That wants not, nor is wearied to bestow Where merit meets his bounty, as it doth In you, already the most happy, and ere The sun shall climb the south, most high Sejanus. Let not my lord be amused. For, to this end Was I by Caesar sent for to the isle, With special caution to conceal my journey; And, thence, had my dispatch as privately Again to Rome; charged to come here by night; And only to the consuls make narration Of his great purpose; that the benefit Might come more full, and striking, by how much It was less look'd for, or aspired by you, Or least informed to the common thought. 

 Sej. What may be this? part of myself, dear Macro, If good, speak out; and share with your Sejanus. 

 Mac. If bad, I should for ever loath myself To be the messenger to so good a lord. I do exceed my instructions to acquaint Your lordship with thus much; but 'tis my venture On your retentive wisdom: and because I would no jealous scruple should molest Or rack your peace of thought. For I assure My noble lord, no senator yet knows The business meant: though all by several letters Are warned to be there, and give their voices, Only to add unto the state and grace Of what is purposed. 

 Sej. You take pleasure, Macro, Like a coy wench, in torturing your lover. What can be worth this suffering?

 Mac. That which follows, The tribunitial dignity and power: Both which Sejanus is to have this day Conferr'd upon him, and by public senate. 

 Sej. Fortune be mine again! thou hast satisfied For thy suspected loyalty. [Aside. 

 Mac. My lord, I have no longer time, the day approacheth, And I must back to Caesar. 

 Sej. Where's Caligula?

 Mac. That I forgot to tell your lordship. Why, He lingers yonder about Capreae, Disgraced; Tiberius hath not seen him yet: He needs would thrust himself to go with me, Against my wish or will; but I have quitted His forward trouble, with as tardy note As my neglect or silence could afford him. Your lordship cannot now command me aught, Because I take no knowledge that I saw you; But I shall boast to live to serve your lordship: And so take leave. 

 Sej. Honest and worthy Macro; Your love and friendship. [Exit Macro. ] ----Who's there? Satrius, Attend my honourable friend forth. -O! How vain and vile a passion is this fear, What base uncomely things it makes men do! Suspect their noblest friends, as I did this, Flatter poor enemies, entreat their servants, Stoop, court, and catch at the benevolence Of creatures, unto whom, within this hour, I would not have vouchsafed a quarter-look, Or piece of face! By you that fools call gods, Hang all the sky with your prodigious signs, Fill earth with monsters, drop the scorpion down, Out of the zodiac, or the fiercer lion, Shake off the loosen'd globe from her long hinge, Roll all the world in darkness, and let loose The enraged winds to turn up groves and towns! When I do fear again, let me be struck With forked fire, and unpitied die: Who fears, is worthy of calamity. [Exit. 

 SCENE VIl. -Another Room in the same. 

 Enter TERENTIUS, MINUTIUS, LACO, COTTA, LATIARIS, and POMPONIUS; REGULUS, TRIO, and others, on different sides. 

 Pom. Is not my lord here?

 Ter. Sir, he will be straight. 

 Cot. What news, Fulcinius Trio?

 Tri. Good, good tidings; But keep it to yourself. My lord Sejanus Is to receive this day in open senate The tribunitial dignity. 

 Cot. Is't true?

 Tri. No words, not to your thought: but, sir, believe it. 

 Lat. What says the consul?

 Cot. Speak it not again: He tells me, that to-day my lord Sejanus----

 Tri. I must entreat you, Cotta, on your honour Not to reveal it. 

 Cot. On my life, sir. 

 Lat. Say. 

 Cot. Is to receive the tribunitial power. But, as you are an honourable man, Let me conjure you not to utter it; For it is trusted to me with that bond. 

 Lat. I am Harpocrates. 

 Ter. Can you assure it?

 Pom. The consul told it me, but keep it close. 

 Min. Lord Latiaris, what's the news?

 Lat. I'll tell you; But you must swear to keep it secret. Enter SEJANUS. Sej. I knew the Fates had on their distaff left More of our thread, than so. 

 Reg. Hail, great Sejanus!

 Tri. Hail, the most honour'd!

 Cot. Happy!

 Lat. High Sejanus!

 Sej. Do you bring prodigies too?

 Tri. May all presage Turn to those fair effects, whereof we bring Your lordship news. 

 Reg. May't please my lord withdraw. 

 Sej. Yes:-I will speak with you anon. [To some that stand by. 

 Ter. My lord, What is your pleasure for the tribunes?

 Sej. Why, Let them be thank'd and sent away. 

 Min. My lord----

 Lac. Will't please your lordship to command me-

 Sej. No: You are troublesome. 

 Min. The mood is changed. 

 Tri. Not speak, Nor look!

 Lac. Ay, he is wise, will make him friends Of such who never love, but for their ends. [Exeunt. 

 SCENE VIII. -A Space before the Temple of Apollo. Enter ARRUNTIUS and LEPIDUS divers Senators passing by them. 

 Arr. Ay, go, make haste; take heed you be not last To tender your All Hail in the wide hall Of huge Sejanus: run a lictor's pace: Stay, not to put your robes on; but away, With the pale troubled ensigns of great friendship Stamp'd in your face! Now, Marcus Lepidus, You still believe your former augury! Sejanus must go downward! You perceive His wane approaching fast!

 Lep. Believe me, Lucius, I wonder at this rising. 

 Arr. Ay, and that we Must give our suffrage to it. You will say, It is to make his fall more steep and grievous: It may be so. But think it, they that can With idle wishes 'say to bring back time: In cases desperate, all hope is crime. See, see! what troops of his officious friends Flock to salute my lord, and start before My great proud lord! to get a lord-like nod! Attend my lord unto the senate-house! Bring back my lord! like servile ushers, make Way for my lord! proclaim his idol lordship, More than ten criers, or six noise of trumpets! Make legs, kiss hands, and take a scatter'd hair From my lord's eminent shoulder! [Sanquinius and Haterius pass over the stage. See, Sanquinius With his slow belly, and his dropsy! look, What toiling haste he makes! yet here's another Retarded with the gout, will be afore him. Get thee Liburnian porters, thou gross fool, To bear thy obsequious fatness, like thy peers. They are met! the gout returns, and his great carriage. [Lictors, Regulus, Trio, Sejanus, Satrius, and many other Senators, pass over the stage. 

 Lict. Give way, make place, room for the consul!

 San. Hail, Hail, great. Sejanus!

 Hat. Hail, my honour'd lord!

 Arr. We shall be mark'd anon, for our not Hail. 

 Lep. That is already done. 

 Arr. It is a note Of upstart greatness, to observe and watch For these poor trifles, which the noble mind Neglects and scorns. 

 Lep. Ay, and they think themselves Deeply dishonour'd where they are omitted, As if they were necessities that help'd To the perfection of their dignities; And hate the men that but refrain them. 

 Arr. O! There is a farther cause of hate. Their breasts Are guilty, that we know their obscure springs, And base beginnings; thence the anger grows. On. Follow. 

 SCENE IX. -Another part of the same. Enter MACRO and LACO. 

 Mac. When all are enter'd, shut the temple doors; And bring your guards up to the gate. 

 Lac. I will. 

 Mac. If you shall hear commotion in the senate, Present yourself: and charge on any man Shall offer to come forth. 

 Lac. I am instructed. [Exeunt. 

 SCENE X. -The Temple of Apollo. 

 Enter HATERIUS, TRIO, SANQUINIUS, COTTA, REGULUS, SEJANUS, POMPONIUS, LATIARIS, LEPIDUS, ARRUNTIUS, and divers other Senators; Praecones, and Lictors. 

 Hat. How well, his lordship looks to-day!

 Tri. As if He had been born, or made for this hour's state. 

 Cat. Your fellow consul's come about, methinks?

 Tri. Ay, he is wise. 

 San. Sejanus trusts him well. 

 Tri. Sejanus is a noble, bounteous lord. 

 Hat. He is so, and most valiant. 

 Lat. And most wise. 

 1 Sen. He's every thing. 

 Lat. Worthy of all, and more Than bounty can bestow. 

 Tri. This dignity Will make him worthy. 

 Pom. Above Caesar. 

 San. Tut, Caesar is but the rector of an isle, He of the empire. 

 Tri. Now he will have power More to reward than ever. 

 Cat. Let us look We be not slack in giving him our voices. 

 Lat. Not I. 

 San. Nor I. 

 Col. The readier we seem To propagate his honours, will more bind His thoughts to ours. 

 Hat. I think right with your lordship; It is the way to have us hold our places. 

 San. Ay, and get more. 

 Lat. More office and more titles. 

 Pom. I will not lose the part I hope to share I n these his fortunes, for my patrimony. 

 Lat. See, how Arruntius sits, and Lepidus!

 Tri. Let them alone, they will be mark'd anon. 

 1 Sen. I'll do with others. 

 2 Sen. So will I. 

 3 Sen. And I. Men grow not in the state, but as they are planted Warm in his favours. 

 Col. Noble Sejanus!

 Hat. Honour'd Sejanus!

 Lat. Worthy and great Sejanus!

 Arr. Gods! how the sponges open and take in, And shut again! look, look! is not he blest That gets a seat in eye-reach of him? more, That comes in ear, or tongue-reach? O but most, Can claw his subtle elbow, or with a buz Fly-blow his ears?

 Praet. Proclaim the senate's peace, And give last summons by the edict. 

 Prae. Silence! In name of Caesar, and the senate, silence! Memmius Regulus, and Fulcinius Trio, consuls, these present kalends of June, with the first light, shall hold a senate, in the temple of Apollo Palatine: all that are fathers, and are registered fathers that have right of entering the senate, we warn or command you be frequently present, take knowledge the business is the commonwealth's: whosoever is absent, his fine or mulct will be taken, his excuse will not be taken. 

 Tri. Note who are absent, and record their names. 

 Reg. Fathers conscript, may what I am to utter Turn good and happy for the commonwealth! And thou, Apollo, in whose holy house We here have met, inspire us all with truth, And liberty of censure to our thought! The majesty of great Tiberius Caesar Propounds to this grave senate, the bestowing Upon the man he loves, honour'd Sejanus, The tribunitial dignity and power: Here are his letters, signed with his signet. What pleaseth now the fathers to be done?

 Sen. Read, read them, open, publicly read them. 

 Cot. Caesar hath honour'd his own greatness much In thinking of this act. 

 Tri. It was a thought Happy, and worthy Caesar. 

 Lat. And the lord As worthy it, on whom it is directed!

 Hat. Most worthy!

 San. Rome did never boast the virtue That could give envy bounds, but his: Sejanus----

 1 Sen. Honour'd and noble!

 2 Sen. Good and great Sejanus!

 Arr. O, most tame slavery, and fierce flattery!

 Prae. Silence!

 TIBERIUS CAESAR to the Senate, greeting. 

 If you, conscript fathers, with your children, be in health, it is abundantly well: we with our friends here are so. The care of the commonwealth, howsoever we are removed in person, cannot be absent to our thought; although, oftentimes, even to princes most present, the truth of their own affairs is hid, than which, nothing falls out more miserable to a state, or makes the art of governing more difficult. But since it hath been our easeful happiness to enjoy both the aids and industry of so vigilant a senate, we profess to have been the more indulgent to our pleasures, not as being careless of our office, but rather secure of the necessity. Neither do these common rumours of many, and infamous libels published against our retirement, at all afflict us; being born more out of men's ignorance than their malice: and will, neglected, find their own grave quickly, whereas, too sensibly acknowledged, it would make their obloquy ours. Nor do we desire their authors, though found, be censured, since in a free state, as ours, all men ought to enjoy both their minds and tongues free. 

 Arr. The lapwing, the lapwing!

 Yet in things which shall worthily and more near concern the majesty of a prince, we shall fear to be so unnaturally cruel to our own fame, as to neglect them. True it is, conscript fathers, that we have raised Sejanus from obscure, and almost unknown gentry

 Sen. How, how!

 to the highest and most conspicuous point of greatness, and, we hope, deservingly, yet not without danger: it being a most bold hazard in that sovereign, who, by his particular love to one, dares adventure the hatred of all his other subjects. 

 Arr. This touches; the blood turns. 

 But we affy in your loves and understandings, and do no way suspect the merit of our Sejanus, to make our favours offensive to any. 

 Sen. O! good, good. 

 Though we could have wished his zeal had run a calmer course against Agrippina and our nephews, howsoever the openness of their actions declared them delinquents, and, that he would have remembered, no innocence is so safe, but it rejoiceth to stand in the sight of mercy: the use of which in us, he hath so quite taken away, towards them, by his loyal fury, as now our clemency would be thought but wearied cruelty, if we should offer to exercise it. 

 Arr. I thank him; there I look'd for't. A good fox!

 Some there be that would interpret this his public severity to be particular ambition, and that, under a pretext of service to us, he doth but remove his own lets: alleging the strengths he hath made to himself, by the praetorian soldiers, by his faction in court and senate, by the offices he holds himself, and confers on others, his popularity and dependents, his urging and almost driving us to this our unwilling retirement, and, lastly, his aspiring to be our son-in-law. 

 Sen. This is strange!

 Arr. I shall anon believe your vultures, Marcus. 

 Your wisdoms, conscript fathers, are able to examine, and censure these suggestions. But, were they left to our absolving voice, we durst pronounce them, as we think them, most malicious. 

 Sen. O, he has restored all; list! And give last summons by the edict. 

 Prae. Silence! In name of Caesar, and the senate, silence! Memmius Regulus, and Fulcinius Trio, consuls, these present kalends of June, with the first light, shall hold a senate, in the temple of Apollo Palatine: all that are fathers, and are registered fathers that have right of entering the senate, we warn or command you be frequently present, take knowledge the business is the commonwealth's: whosoever is absent, his fine or mulct will be taken, his excuse will not be taken. 

 Tri. Note who are absent, and record their names. 

 Reg. Fathers conscript, may what I am to utter Turn good and happy for the commonwealth! And thou, Apollo, in whose holy house We here have met, inspire us all with truth, And liberty of censure to our thought! The majesty of great Tiberius Caesar Propounds to this grave senate, the bestowing Upon the man he loves, honour'd Sejanus, The tribunitial dignity and power: Here are his letters, signed with his signet. What pleaseth now the fathers to be done?

 Sen. Read, read them, open, publicly read them. 

 Cot. Caesar hath honour'd his own greatness much In thinking of this act. 

 Tri. It was a thought Happy, and worthy Caesar. 

 Lat. And the lord As worthy it, on whom it is directed!

 Hat. Most worthy!

 San. Rome did never boast the virtue That could give envy bounds, but his: Sejanus----

 1 Sen. Honour'd and noble!

 2 Sen. Good and great Sejanus!

 Arr. O, most tame slavery, and fierce flattery!

 Prae. Silence!

 TIBERIUS CAESAR to the Senate, greeting. 

 "If you, conscript fathers, with your children, be in health, it is abundantly well: we with our friends here are so. The care of the commonwealth, howsoever we are removed in person, cannot be absent to our thought; although, oftentimes, even to princes most present, the truth of their own affairs is hid, than which, nothing falls out more miserable to a state, or makes the art of governing more difficult. But since it hath been our easeful happiness to enjoy both the aids and industry of so vigilant a senate, we profess to have been the more indulgent to our pleasures, not as being careless of our office, but rather secure of the necessity. Neither do these common rumours of many, and infamous libels published against our retirement, at all afflict us; being born more out of men's ignorance than their malice: and will, neglected, find their own grave quickly, whereas, too sensibly acknowledged, it would make their obloquy ours. Nor do we desire their authors, though found, be censured, since in a free state, as ours, all men ought to enjoy both their minds and tongues free. "

 Arr. The lapwing, the lapwing!

 "Yet in things which shall worthily and more near concern the majesty of a prince, we shall fear to be so unnaturally cruel to our own fame, as to neglect them. True it is, conscript fathers, that we have raised Sejanus from obscure, and almost unknown gentry"

 Sen. How, how!

 "to the highest and most conspicuous point of greatness, and, we hope, deservingly, yet not without danger: it being a most bold hazard in that sovereign, who, by his particular love to one, dares adventure the hatred of all his other subjects. "

 Arr. This touches; the blood turns. 

 "But we affy in your loves and understandings, and do no way suspect the merit of our Sejanus, to make our favours offensive to any. "

 Sen. O! good, good. 

 "Though we could have wished his zeal had run a calmer course against Agrippina and our nephews, howsoever the openness of their actions declared them delinquents, and, that he would have remembered, no innocence is so safe, but it rejoiceth to stand in the sight of mercy: the use of which in us, he hath so quite taken away, towards them, by his loyal fury, as now our clemency would be thought but wearied cruelty, if we should offer to exercise it. "

 Arr. I thank him; there I look'd for't. A good fox!

 "Some there be that would interpret this his public severity to be particular ambition, and that, under a pretext of service to us, he doth but remove his own lets: alleging the strengths he hath made to himself, by the praetorian soldiers, by his faction in court and senate, by the offices he holds himself, and confers on others, his popularity and dependents, his urging and almost driving us to this our unwilling retirement, and, lastly, his aspiring to be our son-in-law. "

 Sen. This is strange!

 Arr. I shall anon believe your vultures, Marcus. 

 "Your wisdoms, conscript fathers, are able to examine, and censure these suggestions. But, were they left to our absolving voice, we durst pronounce them, as we think them, most malicious. "

 Sen. O, he has restored all; list!

 "Yet are they offered to be averred, and on the lives of the informers. What we should say, or rather what we should not say, lords of the senate, if this be true, our gods and goddesses confound us if we know! Only we must think, we have placed our benefits ill; and conclude, that in our choice, either we were wanting to the gods, or the gods to us. " [The Senators shift their places. 

 Arr. The place grows hot; they shift. 

 "We have not been covetous, honourable fathers, to change, neither is it now any new lust that alters our affection, or old lothing, but those needful jealousies of state, that warn wiser princes hourly to provide their safety, and do teach them how learned a thing it is to beware of the humblest enemy; much more of those great ones, whom their own employed favours have made fit for their fears. "

 1 Sen. Away. 

 2 Sen. Sit farther. 

 Cot. Let's remove-

 Arr. Gods! how the leaves drop off, this little wind!

 "We therefore desire, that the offices he holds be first seized by the senate, and himself suspended from all exercise of place or power--"

 Sen. How!

 San. [thrusting by. ] By your leave. 

 Arr. Come, porpoise; where's Haterius? His gout keeps him most miserably constant; Your dancing shews a tempest. 

 Sej. Read no more. 

 Reg. Lords of the senate, hold your seats: read on. 

 Sej. These letters they are forged. 

 Reg. A guard! sit still. Enter LACO, with the Guards. Arr. Here's change!

 Reg. Bid silence, and read forward. 

 Prae. Silence!----

 "and himself suspended from all exercise of place or power, but till due and mature trial be made of his innocency, which yet we can faintly apprehend the necessity to doubt. If, conscript fathers, to your more searching wisdoms, there shall appear farther cause----or of farther proceeding, either to seizure of lands, goods, or more----it is not our power that shall limit your authority, or our favour that must corrupt your justice: either were dishonourable in you, and both uncharitable to ourself. We would willingly be present with your counsels in this business, but the danger of so potent a faction, if it should prove so, forbids our attempting it: except one of the consuls would be entreated for our safety, to undertake the guard of us home; then we should most readily adventure. In the mean time, it shall not be fit for us to importune so judicious a senate, who know how much they hurt the innocent, that spare the guilty; and how grateful a sacrifice to the gods is the life of an ingrateful person, We reflect not, in this, on Sejanus, (notwithstanding, if you keep an eye upon him-and there is Latiaris, a senator, and Pinnarius Natta, two of his most trusted ministers, and so professed, whom we desire not to have apprehended, ) but as the necessity of the cause exacts it. "

 Reg. A guard on Latiaris!

 Arr. O, the spy, The reverend spy is caught! who pities him? Reward, sir, for your service: now, you have done Your property, you see what use is made! [Exeunt Latiaris and Natta, guarded. Hang up the instrument. 

 Sej. Give leave. 

 Lac. Stand, stand! He comes upon his 'death, that doth advance An inch toward my point. 

 Sej. Have we no friends here?

 Arr. Hush'd! Where now are all the hails and acclamations? Enter MACRO. Mac. Hail to the consuls, and this noble senate!

 Sej. Is Macro here? O, thou art lost, Sejanus! [Aside. 

 Mac. Sit still, and unaffrighted, reverend fathers: Macro, by Caesar's grace, the new-made provost, And now possest of the praetorian bands, An honour late belong'd to that proud man, Bids you be safe: and to your constant doom Of his deservings, offers you the surety Of all the soldiers, tribunes, and centurions, Received in our command. 

 Reg. Sejanus, Sejanus, Stand forth, Sejanus!

 Sej. Am I call'd?

 Mac. Ay, thou, Thou insolent monster, art bid stand. 

 Sej. Why, Macro. It hath been otherwise between you and I; This court, that knows us both, hath seen a difference, And can, if it be pleased to speak, confirm Whose insolence is most. 

 Mac. Come down, Typhoeus. If mine be most, lo! thus I make it more; Kick up thy heels in air, tear off thy robe, Play with thy beard and nostrils. Thus 'tis fit (And no man take compassion of thy state) To use th' ingrateful viper, tread his brains Into the earth. 

 Reg. Forbear. 

 Mac. If I could lose All my humanity now, 'twere well to torture So meriting a traitor. -Wherefore, fathers, Sit you amazed and silent; and not censure This wretch, who, in the hour he first rebell'd 'Gainst Caesar's bounty, did condemn himself? Phlegra, the field where all the sons of earth Muster'd against the gods, did ne'er acknowledge So proud and huge a monster. 

 Reg. Take him hence; And all the gods guard Caesar!

 Tri. Take him hence. 

 Hat. Hence. 

 Cot. To the dungeon with him. 

 San. He deserves it. 

 Sen. Crown all our doors with bays. 

 San. And let an ox, With gilded horns and garlands, straight be led Unto the Capitol----

 Hat. And sacrificed To Jove, for Caesar's safety. 

 Tri. All our gods Be present still to Caesar!

 Cot. Phoebus. 

 San. Mars. 

 Hat. Diana. 

 San. Pallas. 

 Sen. Juno, Mercury, All guard him!

 Mac. Forth, thou prodigy of men! [Exit Sejanus, guarded. 

 Cot. Let all the traitor's titles be defaced. 

 Tri. His images and statues be pull'd down. 

 Hat. His chariot-wheels be broken. 

 Arr. And the legs Of the poor horses, that deseryed nought, Let them be broken too!

 [Exeunt Lictors, Praecones, Macro, Regulus, Trio, Haterius, and Sanquinius: manent Lepidus, Arruntius, and a few Senators. 

 Lep. O violent change, And whirl of men's affections!

 Arr. Like, as both Their bulks and souls were bound on Fortune's wheel, And must act only with her motion. 

 Lep. Who would depend upon the popular air, Or voice of men, that have to-day beheld That which, if all the gods had fore-declared, Would not have been believed, Sejanus' fall? He, that this morn rose proudly, as the sun, And, breaking through a mist of clients' breath, Came on, as gazed at and admired as he, When superstitious Moors salute his light! That had our servile nobles waiting him As common grooms; and hanging on his look, No less than human life on destiny! That had men's knees as frequent as the gods; And sacrifices more than Rome had altars: And this man fall! fall? ay, without a look That durst appear his friend, or lend so much Of vain relief, to his changed state, as pity!

 Arr. They that before, like gnats, play'd in his beams, And throng'd to circumscribe him, now not seen Nor deign to hold a common seat with him! Others, that waited him unto the senate, Now inhumanely ravish him to prison, Whom, but this morn, they follow'd as their lord! Guard through the streets, bound like a fugitive, Instead of wreaths give fetters, strokes for stoops, Blind shames for honours, and black taunts for titles! Who would trust slippery chance?

 Lep. They that would make Themselves her spoil; and foolishly forget, When she doth flatter, that she comes to prey. Fortune, thou hadst no deity, if men Had wisdom: we have placed thee so high, By fond belief in thy felicity. [Shout within. ] The gods guard Caesar! All the gods guard Caesar!

 Re-enter MACRO, REGULUS, and divers Senators. 

 Mac. Now, great Sejanus, you that awed the state, And sought to bring the nobles to your whip; That would be Caesar's tutor, and dispose Of dignities and offices! that had The public head still bare to your designs, And made the general voice to echo yours! That look'd for salutations twelve score off, And would have pyramids, yea temples, rear'd To your huge greatness; now you lie as flat, As was your pride advanced!

 Reg. Thanks to the gods!

 Sen. And praise to Macro, that hath saved Rome! Liberty, liberty, liberty! Lead on, And praise to Macro, that hath saved Rome! [Exeunt all but Arruntius and Lepidus. 

 Arr. I prophesy, out of the senate's flattery, That this new fellow, Macro, will become A greater prodigy in Rome, than he That now is fallen. Enter TERENTIUS. 

 Ter. O you, whose minds are good, And have not forced all mankind from your breasts; That yet have so much stock of virtue left, To pity guilty states, when they are wretched: Lend your soft ears to hear, and eyes to weep, Deeds done by men, beyond the acts of furies. The eager multitude (who never yet Knew why to love or hate, but only pleased T' express their rage of power) no sooner heard The murmur of Sejanus in decline, But with that speed and heat of appetite, With which they greedily devour the way To some great sports, or a new theatre, They fill'd the Capitol, and Pompey's Cirque, Where, like so many mastiffs, biting stones, As if his statues now were sensitive Of their wild fury; first, they tear them down; Then fastening ropes, drag them along the streets, Crying in scorn, This, this was that rich head Was crown'd with garlands, and with odours, this That was in Rome so reverenced! Now The furnace and the bellows shall to work, The great Sejanus crack, and piece by piece Drop in the founder's pit. 

 Lep. O popular rage!

 Ter. The whilst the senate at the temple of Concord Make haste to meet again, and thronging cry, Let us condemn him, tread him down in water, While he doth lie upon the bank; away! While some more tardy, cry unto their bearers, He will be censured ere we come; run, knaves, And use that furious diligence, for fear Their bondmen should inform against their slackness, And bring their quaking flesh unto the hook: The rout they follow with confused voice, Crying, they're glad, say, they could ne'er abide him, Enquire what man he was, what kind of face, What beard he had, what nose, what lips? Protest They ever did presage he'd come to this; They never thought him wise, nor valiant; ask After his garments, when he dies, what death; And not a beast of all the herd demands, What was his crime, or who were his accusers, Under what proof or testimony he fell? There came, says one, a huge long-worded letter From Capreae against him. Did there so? O, they are satisfied; no more. 

 Lep. Alas! They follow Fortune, and hate men condemn'd, Guilty or not. 

 Arr. But had Sejanus thrived In his design, and prosperously opprest The old Tiberius; then, in that same minute, These very rascals, that now rage like furies, Would have proclaim'd Sejanus emperor. 

 Lep. But what hath follow'd?

 Ter. Sentence by the senate, To lose his head; which was no sooner off, But that and the unfortunate trunk were seized By the rude multitude; who not content With what the forward justice of the state. Officiously had done, with violent rage Have rent it limb from limb. A thousand heads, A thousand hands, ten thousand tongues and voices, Employ'd at once in several acts of malice! Old men not staid with age, virgins with shame, Late wives with loss of husbands, mothers of children, Losing all grief in joy of his sad fall, Run quite transported with their cruelty! These mounting at his head, these at his face, These digging out his eyes, those with his brains Sprinkling themselves, their houses and their friends; Others are met, have ravish'd thence an arm, And deal small pieces of the flesh for favours; These with a thigh, this hath cut off his hands, And this his feet; these fingers and these toes; That hath his liver, he his heart: there wants Nothing but room for wrath, and place for hatred! What cannot oft be done, is now o'erdone. The whole, and all of what was great Sejanus, And, next to Caesar, did possess the World, Now torn and scatter'd, as he needs no grave; Each little dust covers a little part: So lies he no where, and yet often buried! Enter NUNTIUS Arr. More of Sejanus

 Nun. Yes. 

 Lep. What can be added? We know him dead. 

 Nun. Then there begin your pity. There is enough behind to melt ev'n Rome, And Caesar into tears; since never slave Could yet so highly offend, but tyranny, In torturing him, would make him worth lamenting. ---- A son and daughter to the dead Sejanus, (Of whom there is not now so much remaining As would give fast'ning to the hangman's hook, ) Have they drawn forth for farther sacrifice; Whose tenderness of knowledge, unripe years, And childish silly innocence was such, As scarce would lend them feeling of their danger: The girl so simple, as she often ask'd "Where they would lead her? for what cause they dragg'd her?" Cried, "She would do no more:" that she could take "Warning with beating. " And because our laws Admit no virgin immature to die, The wittily and strangely cruel Macro Deliver'd her to be deflower'd and spoil'd, By the rude lust of the licentious hangman, Then to be strangled with her harmless brother. 

 Lep. O, act most worthy hell, and lasting night, To hide it from the world!

 Nun. Their bodies thrown Into the Gemonies, (I know not how, Or by what accident return'd. ) the mother, The expulsed Apicata, finds them there; Whom when she saw lie spread on the degrees, After a world of fury on herself, Tearing her hair, defacing of her face, Beating her breasts and womb, kneeling amaz'd, Crying to heaven, then to them; at last, Her drowned voice gat up above her woes, And with such black and bitter execrations, As might affright the gods, and force the sun Run backward to the east; nay, make the old Deformed chaos rise again, to o'erwhelm Them, us, and all the world, she fills the air, Upbraids the heavens with their partial dooms, Defies their tyrannous powers, and demands, What she, and those poor innocents have transgress'd, That they must suffer such a share in vengeance, Whilst Livia, Lygdus, and Eudemus live, Who, as she says, and firmly vows to prove it To Caesar and the senate, poison'd Drusus?

 Lup. Confederates with her husband!

 Nun. Ay. 

 Lep. Strange act!

 Arr. And strangely open'd: what says now my monster, The multitude? they reel now, do they not?

 Nun. Their gall is gone, and now they 'gin to weep The mischief they have done. 

 Arr. I thank 'em, rogues. 

 Nun. Part are so stupid, or so flexible, As they believe him innocent; all grieve: And some whose hands yet reek with his warm blood, And gripe the part which they did tear of him, Wish him collected and created new. 

 Lep. How Fortune plies her sports, when she begins To practise them! pursues, continues, adds, Confounds with varying her impassion'd moods!

 Arr. Dost thou hope, Fortune, to redeem thy crimes, To make amend for thy ill-placed favours, With these strange punishments? Forbear, you things That stand upon the pinnacles of state, To boast your slippery height; when you do fall, You pash yourselves in pieces, ne'er to rise; And he that lends you pity, is not wise. 

 Ter. Let this example move the insolent man, Not to grow proud and careless of the gods. It is an odious wisdom to blaspheme, Much more to slighten, or deny their powers: For, whom the morning saw so great and high, Thus low and little, fore the even doth lie. [Exeunt

*****

GLOSSARY

ABATE, cast down, subdue. 

ABHORRING, repugnant (to), at variance. 

ABJECT, base, degraded thing, outcast. 

ABRASE, smooth, blank. 

ABSOLUTE(LY), faultless(ly). 

ABSTRACTED, abstract, abstruse. 

ABUSE, deceive, insult, dishonour, make ill use of. 

ACATER, caterer. 

ACATES, cates. 

ACCEPTIVE, willing, ready to accept, receive. 

ACCOMMODATE, fit, befitting. (The word was a fashionableone and used on all occasions. See "Henry IV. , " pt. 2, iii. 4). 

ACCOST, draw near, approach. 

ACKNOWN, confessedly acquainted with. 

ACME, full maturity. 

ADALANTADO, lord deputy or governor of a Spanish province. 

ADJECTION, addition. 

ADMIRATION, astonishment. 

ADMIRE, wonder, wonder at. 

ADROP, philosopher's stone, or substance from which obtained. 

ADSCRIVE, subscribe. 

ADULTERATE, spurious, counterfeit. 

ADVANCE, lift. 

ADVERTISE, inform, give intelligence. 

ADVERTISED, "be--, " be it known to you. 

ADVERTISEMENT, intelligence. 

ADVISE, consider, bethink oneself, deliberate. 

ADVISED, informed, aware; "are you--?" have you found that out?

AFFECT, love, like; aim at; move. 

AFFECTED, disposed; beloved. 

AFFECTIONATE, obstinate; prejudiced. 

AFFECTS, affections. 

AFFRONT, "give the--, " face. 

AFFY, have confidence in; betroth. 

AFTER, after the manner of. 

AGAIN, AGAINST, in anticipation of. 

AGGRAVATE, increase, magnify, enlarge upon. 

AGNOMINATION. See Paranomasie. 

AIERY, nest, brood. 

AIM, guess. 

ALL HID, children's cry at hide-and-seek. 

ALL-TO, completely, entirely ("all-to-be-laden"). 

ALLOWANCE, approbation, recognition. 

ALMA-CANTARAS (astronomy), parallels of altitude. 

ALMAIN, name of a dance. 

ALMUTEN, planet of chief influence in the horoscope. 

ALONE, unequalled, without peer. 

ALUDELS, subliming pots. 

AMAZED, confused, perplexed. 

AMBER, AMBRE, ambergris. 

AMBREE, MARY, a woman noted for her valour at thesiege of Ghent, 1458. 

AMES-ACE, lowest throw at dice. 

AMPHIBOLIES, ambiguities. 

AMUSED, bewildered, amazed. 

AN, if. 

ANATOMY, skeleton, or dissected body. 

ANDIRONS, fire-dogs. 

ANGEL, gold coin worth 10 shillings, stamped with thefigure of the archangel Michael. 

ANNESH CLEARE, spring known as Agnes le Clare. 

ANSWER, return hit in fencing. 

ANTIC, ANTIQUE, clown, buffoon. 

ANTIC, like a buffoon. 

ANTIPERISTASIS, an opposition which enhances the qualityit opposes. 

APOZEM, decoction. 

APPERIL, peril. 

APPLE-JOHN, APPLE-SQUIRE, pimp, pander. 

APPLY, attach. 

APPREHEND, take into custody. 

APPREHENSIVE, quick of perception; able to perceive and appreciate. 

APPROVE, prove, confirm. 

APT, suit, adapt; train, prepare; dispose, incline. 

APT(LY), suitable(y), opportune(ly). 

APTITUDE, suitableness. 

ARBOR, "make the--, " cut up the game (Gifford). 

ARCHES, Court of Arches. 

ARCHIE, Archibald Armstrong, jester to James I. And Charles I. 

ARGAILE, argol, crust or sediment in wine casks. 

ARGENT-VIVE, quicksilver. 

ARGUMENT, plot of a drama; theme, subject; matter in question;token, proof. 

ARRIDE, please. 

ARSEDINE, mixture of copper and zinc, used as an imitation ofgold-leaf. 

ARTHUR, PRINCE, reference to an archery show by a society whoassumed arms, etc. , of Arthur's knights. 

ARTICLE, item. 

ARTIFICIALLY, artfully. 

ASCENSION, evaporation, distillation. 

ASPIRE, try to reach, obtain, long for. 

ASSALTO (Italian), assault. 

ASSAY, draw a knife along the belly of the deer, aceremony of the hunting-field. 

ASSOIL, solve. 

ASSURE, secure possession or reversion of. 

ATHANOR, a digesting furnace, calculated to keep up aconstant heat. 

ATONE, reconcile. 

ATTACH, attack, seize. 

AUDACIOUS, having spirit and confidence. 

AUTHENTIC(AL), of authority, authorised, trustworthy, genuine. 

AVISEMENT, reflection, consideration. 

AVOID, begone! get rid of. 

AWAY WITH, endure. 

AZOCH, Mercurius Philosophorum. 

BABION, baboon. 

BABY, doll. 

BACK-SIDE, back premises. 

BAFFLE, treat with contempt. 

BAGATINE, Italian coin, worth about the third of a farthing. 

BAIARD, horse of magic powers known to old romance. 

BALDRICK, belt worn across the breast to support bugle, etc. 

BALE (of dice), pair. 

BALK, overlook, pass by, avoid. 

BALLACE, ballast. 

BALLOO, game at ball. 

BALNEUM (BAIN MARIE), a vessel for holding hot waterin which other vessels are stood for heating. 

BANBURY, "brother of--, " Puritan. 

BANDOG, dog tied or chained up. 

BANE, woe, ruin. 

BANQUET, a light repast; dessert. 

BARB, to clip gold. 

BARBEL, fresh-water fish. 

BARE, meer; bareheaded; it was "a particular mark of stateand grandeur for the coachman to be uncovered" (Gifford). 

BARLEY-BREAK, game somewhat similar to base. 

BASE, game of prisoner's base. 

BASES, richly embroidered skirt reaching to the knees, orlower. 

BASILISK, fabulous reptile, believed to slay with its eye. 

BASKET, used for the broken provision collected for prisoners. 

BASON, basons, etc. , were beaten by the attendant mob whenbad characters were "carted. "

BATE, be reduced; abate, reduce. 

BATOON, baton, stick. 

BATTEN, feed, grow fat. 

BAWSON, badger. 

BEADSMAN, prayer-man, one engaged to pray for another. 

BEAGLE, small hound; fig. Spy. 

BEAR IN HAND, keep in suspense, deceive with false hopes. 

BEARWARD, bear leader. 

BEDPHERE. See Phere. 

BEDSTAFF, (?) wooden pin in the side of the bedstead forsupporting the bedclothes (Johnson); one of the sticks or"laths"; a stick used in making a bed. 

BEETLE, heavy mallet. 

BEG, "I'd--him, " the custody of minors and idiots wasbegged for; likewise property fallen forfeit to the Crown("your house had been begged"). 

BELL-MAN, night watchman. 

BENJAMIN, an aromatic gum. 

BERLINA, pillory. 

BESCUMBER, defile. 

BESLAVE, beslabber. 

BESOGNO, beggar. 

BESPAWLE, bespatter. 

BETHLEHEM GABOR, Transylvanian hero, proclaimed King of Hungary. 

BEVER, drinking. 

BEVIS, SIR, knight of romance whose horse was equally celebrated. 

BEWRAY, reveal, make known. 

BEZANT, heraldic term: small gold circle. 

BEZOAR'S STONE, a remedy known by this name was asupposed antidote to poison. 

BID-STAND, highwayman. 

BIGGIN, cap, similar to that worn by the Beguines; nightcap. 

BILIVE (belive), with haste. 

BILK, nothing, empty talk. 

BILL, kind of pike. 

BILLET, wood cut for fuel, stick. 

BIRDING, thieving. 

BLACK SANCTUS, burlesque hymn, any unholy riot. 

BLANK, originally a small French coin. 

BLANK, white. 

BLANKET, toss in a blanket. 

BLAZE, outburst of violence. 

BLAZE, (her. ) blazon; publish abroad. 

BLAZON, armorial bearings; fig. All that pertains togood birth and breeding. 

BLIN, "withouten--, " without ceasing. 

BLOW, puff up. 

BLUE, colour of servants' livery, hence "--order, ""--waiters. "

BLUSHET, blushing one. 

BOB, jest, taunt. 

BOB, beat, thump. 

BODGE, measure. 

BODKIN, dagger, or other short, pointed weapon; longpin with which the women fastened up their hair. 

BOLT, roll (of material). 

BOLT, dislodge, rout out; sift (boulting-tub). 

BOLT'S-HEAD, long, straight-necked vessel for distillation. 

BOMBARD SLOPS, padded, puffed-out breeches. 

BONA ROBA, "good, wholesome, plum-cheeked wench" (Johnson)--not always used in compliment. 

BONNY-CLABBER, sour butter-milk. 

BOOKHOLDER, prompter. 

BOOT, "to--, " into the bargain; "no--, " of no avail. 

BORACHIO, bottle made of skin. 

BORDELLO, brothel. 

BORNE IT, conducted, carried it through. 

BOTTLE (of hay), bundle, truss. 

BOTTOM, skein or ball of thread; vessel. 

BOURD, jest. 

BOVOLI, snails or cockles dressed in the Italian manner(Gifford). 

BOW-POT, flower vase or pot. 

BOYS, "terrible--, " "angry--, " roystering young bucks. (See Nares). 

BRABBLES (BRABBLESH), brawls. 

BRACH, bitch. 

BRADAMANTE, a heroine in "Orlando Furioso. "

BRADLEY, ARTHUR OF, a lively character commemorated inballads. 

BRAKE, frame for confining a horse's feet while beingshod, or strong curb or bridle; trap. 

BRANCHED, with "detached sleeve ornaments, projectingfrom the shoulders of the gown" (Gifford). 

BRANDISH, flourish of weapon. 

BRASH, brace. 

BRAVE, bravado, braggart speech. 

BRAVE (adv. ), gaily, finely (apparelled). 

BRAVERIES, gallants. 

BRAVERY, extravagant gaiety of apparel. 

BRAVO, bravado, swaggerer. 

BRAZEN-HEAD, speaking head made by Roger Bacon. 

BREATHE, pause for relaxation; exercise. 

BREATH UPON, speak dispraisingly of. 

BREND, burn. 

BRIDE-ALE, wedding feast. 

BRIEF, abstract; (mus. ) breve. 

BRISK, smartly dressed. 

BRIZE, breese, gadfly. 

BROAD-SEAL, state seal. 

BROCK, badger (term of contempt). 

BROKE, transact business as a broker. 

BROOK, endure, put up with. 

BROUGHTON, HUGH, an English divine and Hebrew scholar. 

BRUIT, rumour. 

BUCK, wash. 

BUCKLE, bend. 

BUFF, leather made of buffalo skin, used for militaryand serjeants' coats, etc. 

BUFO, black tincture. 

BUGLE, long-shaped bead. 

BULLED, (?) bolled, swelled. 

BULLIONS, trunk hose. 

BULLY, term of familiar endearment. 

BUNGY, Friar Bungay, who had a familiar in the shape of a dog. 

BURDEN, refrain, chorus. 

BURGONET, closely-fitting helmet with visor. 

BURGULLION, braggadocio. 

BURN, mark wooden measures ("--ing of cans"). 

BURROUGH, pledge, security. 

BUSKIN, half-boot, foot gear reaching high up the leg. 

BUTT-SHAFT, barbless arrow for shooting at butts. 

BUTTER, NATHANIEL ("Staple of News"), a compiler of generalnews. (See Cunningham). 

BUTTERY-HATCH, half-door shutting off the buttery, whereprovisions and liquors were stored. 

BUY, "he bought me, " formerly the guardianship of wardscould be bought. 

BUZ, exclamation to enjoin silence. 

BUZZARD, simpleton. 

BY AND BY, at once. 

BY(E), "on the __, " incidentally, as of minor or secondaryimportance; at the side. 

BY-CHOP, by-blow, bastard. 

CADUCEUS, Mercury's wand. 

CALIVER, light kind of musket. 

CALLET, woman of ill repute. 

CALLOT, coif worn on the wigs of our judges orserjeants-at-law (Gifford). 

CALVERED, crimped, or sliced and pickled. (See Nares). 

CAMOUCCIO, wretch, knave. 

CAMUSED, flat. 

CAN, knows. 

CANDLE-RENT, rent from house property. 

CANDLE-WASTER, one who studies late. 

CANTER, sturdy beggar. 

CAP OF MAINTENCE, an insignia of dignity, a cap of stateborne before kings at their coronation; also an heraldic term. 

CAPABLE, able to comprehend, fit to receive instruction, impression. 

CAPANEUS, one of the "Seven against Thebes. "

CARACT, carat, unit of weight for precious stones, etc. ;value, worth. 

CARANZA, Spanish author of a book on duelling. 

CARCANET, jewelled ornament for the neck. 

CARE, take care; object. 

CAROSH, coach, carriage. 

CARPET, table-cover. 

CARRIAGE, bearing, behaviour. 

CARWHITCHET, quip, pun. 

CASAMATE, casemate, fortress. 

CASE, a pair. 

CASE, "in--, " in condition. 

CASSOCK, soldier's loose overcoat. 

CAST, flight of hawks, couple. 

CAST, throw dice; vomit; forecast, calculate. 

CAST, cashiered. 

CASTING-GLASS, bottle for sprinkling perfume. 

CASTRIL, kestrel, falcon. 

CAT, structure used in sieges. 

CATAMITE, old form of "ganymede. "

CATASTROPHE, conclusion. 

CATCHPOLE, sheriff's officer. 

CATES, dainties, provisions. 

CATSO, rogue, cheat. 

CAUTELOUS, crafty, artful. 

CENSURE, criticism; sentence. 

CENSURE, criticise; pass sentence, doom. 

CERUSE, cosmetic containing white lead. 

CESS, assess. 

CHANGE, "hunt--, " follow a fresh scent. 

CHAPMAN, retail dealer. 

CHARACTER, handwriting. 

CHARGE, expense. 

CHARM, subdue with magic, lay a spell on, silence. 

CHARMING, exercising magic power. 

CHARTEL, challenge. 

CHEAP, bargain, market. 

CHEAR, CHEER, comfort, encouragement; food, entertainment. 

CHECK AT, aim reproof at. 

CHEQUIN, gold Italian coin. 

CHEVRIL, from kidskin, which is elastic and pliable. 

CHIAUS, Turkish envoy; used for a cheat, swindler. 

CHILDERMASS DAY, Innocents' Day. 

CHOKE-BAIL, action which does not allow of bail. 

CHRYSOPOEIA, alchemy. 

CHRYSOSPERM, ways of producing gold. 

CIBATION, adding fresh substances to supply the wasteof evaporation. 

CIMICI, bugs. 

CINOPER, cinnabar. 

CIOPPINI, chopine, lady's high shoe. 

CIRCLING BOY, "a species of roarer; one who in some waydrew a man into a snare, to cheat or rob him" (Nares). 

CIRCUMSTANCE, circumlocution, beating about the bush;ceremony, everything pertaining to a certain condition;detail, particular. 

CITRONISE, turn citron colour. 

CITTERN, kind of guitar. 

CITY-WIRES, woman of fashion, who made use of wiresfor hair and dress. 

CIVIL, legal. 

CLAP, clack, chatter. 

CLAPPER-DUDGEON, downright beggar. 

CLAPS HIS DISH, a clap, or clack, dish (dish with amovable lid) was carried by beggars and lepers to showthat the vessel was empty, and to give sound of theirapproach. 

CLARIDIANA, heroine of an old romance. 

CLARISSIMO, Venetian noble. 

CLEM, starve. 

CLICKET, latch. 

CLIM O' THE CLOUGHS, etc. , wordy heroes of romance. 

CLIMATE, country. 

CLOSE, secret, private; secretive. 

CLOSENESS, secrecy. 

CLOTH, arras, hangings. 

CLOUT, mark shot at, bull's eye. 

CLOWN, countryman, clodhopper. 

COACH-LEAVES, folding blinds. 

COALS, "bear no--, " submit to no affront. 

COAT-ARMOUR, coat of arms. 

COAT-CARD, court-card. 

COB-HERRING, HERRING-COB, a young herring. 

COB-SWAN, male swan. 

COCK-A-HOOP, denoting unstinted jollity; thought tobe derived from turning on the tap that all mightdrink to the full of the flowing liquor. 

COCKATRICE, reptile supposed to be produced from acock's egg and to kill by its eye--used as a termof reproach for a woman. 

COCK-BRAINED, giddy, wild. 

COCKER, pamper. 

COCKSCOMB, fool's cap. 

COCKSTONE, stone said to be found in a cock'sgizzard, and to possess particular virtues. 

CODLING, softening by boiling. 

COFFIN, raised crust of a pie. 

COG, cheat, wheedle. 

COIL, turmoil, confusion, ado. 

COKELY, master of a puppet-show (Whalley). 

COKES, fool, gull. 

COLD-CONCEITED, having cold opinion of, coldlyaffected towards. 

COLE-HARBOUR, a retreat for people of all sorts. 

COLLECTION, composure; deduction. 

COLLOP, small slice, piece of flesh. 

COLLY, blacken. 

COLOUR, pretext. 

COLOURS, "fear no--, " no enemy (quibble). 

COLSTAFF, cowlstaff, pole for carrying a cowl=tub. 

COME ABOUT, charge, turn round. 

COMFORTABLE BREAD, spiced gingerbread. 

COMING, forward, ready to respond, complaisant. 

COMMENT, commentary; "sometime it is taken for a lieor fayned tale" (Bullokar, 1616). 

COMMODITY, "current for--, " allusion to practice ofmoney-lenders, who forced the borrower to take part ofthe loan in the shape of worthless goods on which thelatter had to make money if he could. 

COMMUNICATE, share. 

COMPASS, "in--, " within the range, sphere. 

COMPLEMENT, completion, completement; anythingrequired for the perfecting or carrying out ofa person or affair; accomplishment. 

COMPLEXION, natural disposition, constitution. 

COMPLIMENT, See Complement. 

COMPLIMENTARIES, masters of accomplishments. 

COMPOSITION, constitution; agreement, contract. 

COMPOSURE, composition. 

COMPTER, COUNTER, debtors' prison. 

CONCEALMENT, a certain amount of church propertyhad been retained at the dissolution of the monasteries;Elizabeth sent commissioners to search it out, and thecourtiers begged for it. 

CONCEIT, idea, fancy, witty invention, conception, opinion. 

CONCEIT, apprehend. 

CONCEITED, fancifully, ingeniously devised or conceived;possessed of intelligence, witty, ingenious (hence wellconceited, etc. ); disposed to joke; of opinion, possessedof an idea. 

CONCEIVE, understand. 

CONCENT, harmony, agreement. 

CONCLUDE, infer, prove. 

CONCOCT, assimilate, digest. 

CONDEN'T, probably conducted. 

CONDUCT, escort, conductor. 

CONEY-CATCH, cheat. 

CONFECT, sweetmeat. 

CONFER, compare. 

CONGIES, bows. 

CONNIVE, give a look, wink, of secret intelligence. 

CONSORT, company, concert. 

CONSTANCY, fidelity, ardour, persistence. 

CONSTANT, confirmed, persistent, faithful. 

CONSTANTLY, firmly, persistently. 

CONTEND, strive. 

CONTINENT, holding together. 

CONTROL (the point), bear or beat down. 

CONVENT, assembly, meeting. 

CONVERT, turn (oneself). 

CONVEY, transmit from one to another. 

CONVINCE, evince, prove; overcome, overpower; convict. 

COP, head, top; tuft on head of birds; "a cop" mayhave reference to one or other meaning; Gifford andothers interpret as "conical, terminating in a point. "

COPE-MAN, chapman. 

COPESMATE, companion. 

COPY (Lat. Copia), abundance, copiousness. 

CORN ("powder--"), grain. 

COROLLARY, finishing part or touch. 

CORSIVE, corrosive. 

CORTINE, curtain, (arch. ) wall between two towers, etc. 

CORYAT, famous for his travels, published as "Coryat'sCrudities. "

COSSET, pet lamb, pet. 

COSTARD, head. 

COSTARD-MONGER, apple-seller, coster-monger. 

COSTS, ribs. 

COTE, hut. 

COTHURNAL, from "cothurnus, " a particular boot worn byactors in Greek tragedy. 

COTQUEAN, hussy. 

COUNSEL, secret. 

COUNTENANCE, means necessary for support; credit, standing. 

COUNTER. See Compter. 

COUNTER, pieces of metal or ivory for calculating at play. 

COUNTER, "hunt--, " follow scent in reverse direction. 

COUNTERFEIT, false coin. 

COUNTERPANE, one part or counterpart of a deed or indenture. 

COUNTERPOINT, opposite, contrary point. 

COURT-DISH, a kind of drinking-cup (Halliwell); N. E. D. Quotes from Bp. Goodman's "Court of James I. ": "Theking. . . Caused his carver to cut him out a court-dish, that is, something of every dish, which he sent him aspart of his reversion, " but this does not sound likeshort allowance or small receptacle. 

COURT-DOR, fool. 

COURTEAU, curtal, small horse with docked tail. 

COURTSHIP, courtliness. 

COVETISE, avarice. 

COWSHARD, cow dung. 

COXCOMB, fool's cap, fool. 

COY, shrink; disdain. 

COYSTREL, low varlet. 

COZEN, cheat. 

CRACK, lively young rogue, wag. 

CRACK, crack up, boast; come to grief. 

CRAMBE, game of crambo, in which the players findrhymes for a given word. 

CRANCH, craunch. 

CRANION, spider-like; also fairy appellation for afly (Gifford, who refers to lines in Drayton's"Nimphidia"). 

CRIMP, game at cards. 

CRINCLE, draw back, turn aside. 

CRISPED, with curled or waved hair. 

CROP, gather, reap. 

CROPSHIRE, a kind of herring. (See N. E. D. )

CROSS, any piece of money, many coins being stampedwith a cross. 

CROSS AND PILE, heads and tails. 

CROSSLET, crucible. 

CROWD, fiddle. 

CRUDITIES, undigested matter. 

CRUMP, curl up. 

CRUSADO, Portuguese gold coin, marked with a cross. 

CRY ("he that cried Italian"), "speak in a musicalcadence, " intone, or declaim (?); cry up. 

CUCKING-STOOL, used for the ducking of scolds, etc. 

CUCURBITE, a gourd-shaped vessel used for distillation. 

CUERPO, "in--, " in undress. 

CULLICE, broth. 

CULLION, base fellow, coward. 

CULLISEN, badge worn on their arm by servants. 

CULVERIN, kind of cannon. 

CUNNING, skill. 

CUNNING, skilful. 

CUNNING-MAN, fortune-teller. 

CURE, care for. 

CURIOUS(LY), scrupulous, particular; elaborate, elegant(ly), dainty(ly) (hence "in curious"). 

CURST, shrewish, mischievous. 

CURTAL, dog with docked tail, of inferior sort. 

CUSTARD, "quaking--, " "--politic, " reference toa large custard which formed part of a city feastand afforded huge entertainment, for the fool jumpedinto it, and other like tricks were played. (See"All's Well, etc. " ii. 5, 40. )

CUTWORK, embroidery, open-work. 

CYPRES (CYPRUS) (quibble), cypress (or cyprus) beinga transparent material, and when black used for mourning. 

DAGGER ("--frumety"), name of tavern. 

DARGISON, apparently some person known in ballad or tale. 

DAUPHIN MY BOY, refrain of old comic song. 

DAW, daunt. 

DEAD LIFT, desperate emergency. 

DEAR, applied to that which in any way touches us nearly. 

DECLINE, turn off from; turn away, aside. 

DEFALK, deduct, abate. 

DEFEND, forbid. 

DEGENEROUS, degenerate. 

DEGREES, steps. 

DELATE, accuse. 

DEMI-CULVERIN, cannon carrying a ball of about ten pounds. 

DENIER, the smallest possible coin, being the twelfthpart of a sou. 

DEPART, part with. 

DEPENDANCE, ground of quarrel in duello language. 

DESERT, reward. 

DESIGNMENT, design. 

DESPERATE, rash, reckless. 

DETECT, allow to be detected, betray, inform against. 

DETERMINE, terminate. 

DETRACT, draw back, refuse. 

DEVICE, masque, show; a thing moved by wires, etc. , puppet. 

DEVISE, exact in every particular. 

DEVISED, invented. 

DIAPASM, powdered aromatic herbs, made into ballsof perfumed paste. (See Pomander. )

DIBBLE, (?) moustache (N. E. D. ); (?) dagger (Cunningham). 

DIFFUSED, disordered, scattered, irregular. 

DIGHT, dressed. 

DILDO, refrain of popular songs; vague term of low meaning. 

DIMBLE, dingle, ravine. 

DIMENSUM, stated allowance. 

DISBASE, debase. 

DISCERN, distinguish, show a difference between. 

DISCHARGE, settle for. 

DISCIPLINE, reformation; ecclesiastical system. 

DISCLAIM, renounce all part in. 

DISCOURSE, process of reasoning, reasoning faculty. 

DISCOURTSHIP, discourtesy. 

DISCOVER, betray, reveal; display. 

DISFAVOUR, disfigure. 

DISPARAGEMENT, legal term applied to the unfitnessin any way of a marriage arranged for in the caseof wards. 

DISPENSE WITH, grant dispensation for. 

DISPLAY, extend. 

DIS'PLE, discipline, teach by the whip. 

DISPOSED, inclined to merriment. 

DISPOSURE, disposal. 

DISPRISE, depreciate. 

DISPUNCT, not punctilious. 

DISQUISITION, search. 

DISSOLVED, enervated by grief. 

DISTANCE, (?) proper measure. 

DISTASTE, offence, cause of offence. 

DISTASTE, render distasteful. 

DISTEMPERED, upset, out of humour. 

DIVISION (mus. ), variation, modulation. 

DOG-BOLT, term of contempt. 

DOLE, given in dole, charity. 

DOLE OF FACES, distribution of grimaces. 

DOOM, verdict, sentence. 

DOP, dip, low bow. 

DOR, beetle, buzzing insect, drone, idler. 

DOR, (?) buzz; "give the--, " make a fool of. 

DOSSER, pannier, basket. 

DOTES, endowments, qualities. 

DOTTEREL, plover; gull, fool. 

DOUBLE, behave deceitfully. 

DOXY, wench, mistress. 

DRACHM, Greek silver coin. 

DRESS, groom, curry. 

DRESSING, coiffure. 

DRIFT, intention. 

DRYFOOT, track by mere scent of foot. 

DUCKING, punishment for minor offences. 

DUILL, grieve. 

DUMPS, melancholy, originally a mournful melody. 

DURINDANA, Orlando's sword. 

DWINDLE, shrink away, be overawed. 

EAN, yean, bring forth young. 

EASINESS, readiness. 

EBOLITION, ebullition. 

EDGE, sword. 

EECH, eke. 

EGREGIOUS, eminently excellent. 

EKE, also, moreover. 

E-LA, highest note in the scale. 

EGGS ON THE SPIT, important business on hand. 

ELF-LOCK, tangled hair, supposed to be the work of elves. 

EMMET, ant. 

ENGAGE, involve. 

ENGHLE. See Ingle. 

ENGHLE, cajole; fondle. 

ENGIN(E), device, contrivance; agent; ingenuity, wit. 

ENGINER, engineer, deviser, plotter. 

ENGINOUS, crafty, full of devices; witty, ingenious. 

ENGROSS, monopolise. 

ENS, an existing thing, a substance. 

ENSIGNS, tokens, wounds. 

ENSURE, assure. 

ENTERTAIN, take into service. 

ENTREAT, plead. 

ENTREATY, entertainment. 

ENTRY, place where a deer has lately passed. 

ENVOY, denouement, conclusion. 

ENVY, spite, calumny, dislike, odium. 

EPHEMERIDES, calendars. 

EQUAL, just, impartial. 

ERECTION, elevation in esteem. 

ERINGO, candied root of the sea-holly, formerlyused as a sweetmeat and aphrodisiac. 

ERRANT, arrant. 

ESSENTIATE, become assimilated. 

ESTIMATION, esteem. 

ESTRICH, ostrich. 

ETHNIC, heathen. 

EURIPUS, flux and reflux. 

EVEN, just equable. 

EVENT, fate, issue. 

EVENT(ED), issue(d). 

EVERT, overturn. 

EXACUATE, sharpen. 

EXAMPLESS, without example or parallel. 

EXCALIBUR, King Arthur's sword. 

EXEMPLIFY, make an example of. 

EXEMPT, separate, exclude. 

EXEQUIES, obsequies. 

EXHALE, drag out. 

EXHIBITION, allowance for keep, pocket-money. 

EXORBITANT, exceeding limits of propriety or law, inordinate. 

EXORNATION, ornament. 

EXPECT, wait. 

EXPIATE, terminate. 

EXPLICATE, explain, unfold. 

EXTEMPORAL, extempore, unpremeditated. 

EXTRACTION, essence. 

EXTRAORDINARY, employed for a special or temporary purpose. 

EXTRUDE, expel. 

EYE, "in--, " in view. 

EYEBRIGHT, (?) a malt liquor in which the herb ofthis name was infused, or a person who sold the same(Gifford). 

EYE-TINGE, least shade or gleam. 

FACE, appearance. 

FACES ABOUT, military word of command. 

FACINOROUS, extremely wicked. 

FACKINGS, faith. 

FACT, deed, act, crime. 

FACTIOUS, seditious, belonging to a party, given to party feeling. 

FAECES, dregs. 

FAGIOLI, French beans. 

FAIN, forced, necessitated. 

FAITHFUL, believing. 

FALL, ruff or band turned back on the shoulders; or, veil. 

FALSIFY, feign (fencing term). 

FAME, report. 

FAMILIAR, attendant spirit. 

FANTASTICAL, capricious, whimsical. 

FARCE, stuff. 

FAR-FET. See Fet. 

FARTHINGAL, hooped petticoat. 

FAUCET, tapster. 

FAULT, lack; loss, break in line of scent; "for--, " in default of. 

FAUTOR, partisan. 

FAYLES, old table game similar to backgammon. 

FEAR(ED), affright(ed). 

FEAT, activity, operation; deed, action. 

FEAT, elegant, trim. 

FEE, "in--" by feudal obligation. 

FEIZE, beat, belabour. 

FELLOW, term of contempt. 

FENNEL, emblem of flattery. 

FERE, companion, fellow. 

FERN-SEED, supposed to have power of rendering invisible. 

FET, fetched. 

FETCH, trick. 

FEUTERER (Fr. Vautrier), dog-keeper. 

FEWMETS, dung. 

FICO, fig. 

FIGGUM, (?) jugglery. 

FIGMENT, fiction, invention. 

FIRK, frisk, move suddenly, or in jerks; "--up, "stir up, rouse; "firks mad, " suddenly behaves likea madman. 

FIT, pay one out, punish. 

FITNESS, readiness. 

FITTON (FITTEN), lie, invention. 

FIVE-AND-FIFTY, "highest number to stand on atprimero" (Gifford). 

FLAG, to fly low and waveringly. 

FLAGON CHAIN, for hanging a smelling-bottle (Fr. Flacon) round the neck (?). (See N. E. D. ). 

FLAP-DRAGON, game similar to snap-dragon. 

FLASKET, some kind of basket. 

FLAW, sudden gust or squall of wind. 

FLAWN, custard. 

FLEA, catch fleas. 

FLEER, sneer, laugh derisively. 

FLESH, feed a hawk or dog with flesh to inciteit to the chase; initiate in blood-shed; satiate. 

FLICKER-MOUSE, bat. 

FLIGHT, light arrow. 

FLITTER-MOUSE, bat. 

FLOUT, mock, speak and act contemptuously. 

FLOWERS, pulverised substance. 

FLY, familiar spirit. 

FOIL, weapon used in fencing; that whichsets anything off to advantage. 

FOIST, cut-purse, sharper. 

FOND(LY), foolish(ly). 

FOOT-CLOTH, housings of ornamental cloth whichhung down on either side a horse to the ground. 

FOOTING, foothold; footstep; dancing. 

FOPPERY, foolery. 

FOR, "--failing, " for fear of failing. 

FORBEAR, bear with; abstain from. 

FORCE, "hunt at--, " run the game down with dogs. 

FOREHEAD, modesty; face, assurance, effrontery. 

FORESLOW, delay. 

FORESPEAK, bewitch; foretell. 

FORETOP, front lock of hair which fashionrequired to be worn upright. 

FORGED, fabricated. 

FORM, state formally. 

FORMAL, shapely; normal; conventional. 

FORTHCOMING, produced when required. 

FOUNDER, disable with over-riding. 

FOURM, form, lair. 

FOX, sword. 

FRAIL, rush basket in which figs or raisinswere packed. 

FRAMPULL, peevish, sour-tempered. 

FRAPLER, blusterer, wrangler. 

FRAYING, "a stag is said to fray his head when herubs it against a tree to. . . Cause the outward coatof the new horns to fall off" (Gifford). 

FREIGHT (of the gazetti), burden (of the newspapers). 

FREQUENT, full. 

FRICACE, rubbing. 

FRICATRICE, woman of low character. 

FRIPPERY, old clothes shop. 

FROCK, smock-frock. 

FROLICS, (?) humorous verses circulated at a feast(N. E. D. ); couplets wrapped round sweetmeats (Cunningham). 

FRONTLESS, shameless. 

FROTED, rubbed. 

FRUMETY, hulled wheat boiled in milk and spiced. 

FRUMP, flout, sneer. 

FUCUS, dye. 

FUGEAND, (?) figent: fidgety, restless (N. E. D. ). 

FULLAM, false dice. 

FULMART, polecat. 

FULSOME, foul, offensive. 

FURIBUND, raging, furious. 

GALLEY-FOIST, city-barge, used on Lord Mayor's Day, when he was sworn into his office at Westminster(Whalley). 

GALLIARD, lively dance in triple time. 

GAPE, be eager after. 

GARAGANTUA, Rabelais' giant. 

GARB, sheaf (Fr. Gerbe); manner, fashion, behaviour. 

GARD, guard, trimming, gold or silver lace, or otherornament. 

GARDED, faced or trimmed. 

GARNISH, fee. 

GAVEL-KIND, name of a land-tenure existing chiefly inKent; from 16th century often used to denote customof dividing a deceased man's property equally amonghis sons (N. E. D. ). 

GAZETTE, small Venetian coin worth about three-farthings. 

GEANCE, jaunt, errand. 

GEAR (GEER), stuff, matter, affair. 

GELID, frozen. 

GEMONIES, steps from which the bodies of criminalswere thrown into the river. 

GENERAL, free, affable. 

GENIUS, attendant spirit. 

GENTRY, gentlemen; manners characteristic of gentry, good breeding. 

GIB-CAT, tom-cat. 

GIGANTOMACHIZE, start a giants' war. 

GIGLOT, wanton. 

GIMBLET, gimlet. 

GING, gang. 

GLASS ("taking in of shadows, etc. "), crystal or beryl. 

GLEEK, card game played by three; party of three, trio;side glance. 

GLICK (GLEEK), jest, gibe. 

GLIDDER, glaze. 

GLORIOUSLY, of vain glory. 

GODWIT, bird of the snipe family. 

GOLD-END-MAN, a buyer of broken gold and silver. 

GOLL, hand. 

GONFALIONIER, standard-bearer, chief magistrate, etc. 

GOOD, sound in credit. 

GOOD-YEAR, good luck. 

GOOSE-TURD, colour of. (See Turd). 

GORCROW, carrion crow. 

GORGET, neck armour. 

GOSSIP, godfather. 

GOWKED, from "gowk, " to stand staring and gaping likea fool. 

GRANNAM, grandam. 

GRASS, (?) grease, fat. 

GRATEFUL, agreeable, welcome. 

GRATIFY, give thanks to. 

GRATITUDE, gratuity. 

GRATULATE, welcome, congratulate. 

GRAVITY, dignity. 

GRAY, badger. 

GRICE, cub. 

GRIEF, grievance. 

GRIPE, vulture, griffin. 

GRIPE'S EGG, vessel in shape of. 

GROAT, fourpence. 

GROGRAN, coarse stuff made of silk and mohair, or ofcoarse silk. 

GROOM-PORTER, officer in the royal household. 

GROPE, handle, probe. 

GROUND, pit (hence "grounded judgments"). 

GUARD, caution, heed. 

GUARDANT, heraldic term: turning the head only. 

GUILDER, Dutch coin worth about 4d. 

GULES, gullet, throat; heraldic term for red. 

GULL, simpleton, dupe. 

GUST, taste. 

HAB NAB, by, on, chance. 

HABERGEON, coat of mail. 

HAGGARD, wild female hawk; hence coy, wild. 

HALBERD, combination of lance and battle-axe. 

HALL, "a--!" a cry to clear the room for the dancers. 

HANDSEL, first money taken. 

HANGER, loop or strap on a sword-belt from which thesword was suspended. 

HAP, fortune, luck. 

HAPPILY, haply. 

HAPPINESS, appropriateness, fitness. 

HAPPY, rich. 

HARBOUR, track, trace (an animal) to its shelter. 

HARD-FAVOURED, harsh-featured. 

HARPOCRATES, Horus the child, son of Osiris, figuredwith a finger pointing to his mouth, indicative ofsilence. 

HARRINGTON, a patent was granted to Lord H. For thecoinage of tokens (q. V. ). 

HARROT, herald. 

HARRY NICHOLAS, founder of a community called the"Family of Love. "

HAY, net for catching rabbits, etc. 

HAY! (Ital. Hai!), you have it (a fencing term). 

HAY IN HIS HORN, ill-tempered person. 

HAZARD, game at dice; that which is staked. 

HEAD, "first--, " young deer with antlers firstsprouting; fig. A newly-ennobled man. 

HEADBOROUGH, constable. 

HEARKEN AFTER, inquire; "hearken out, " find, search out. 

HEARTEN, encourage. 

HEAVEN AND HELL ("Alchemist"), names of taverns. 

HECTIC, fever. 

HEDGE IN, include. 

HELM, upper part of a retort. 

HER'NSEW, hernshaw, heron. 

HIERONIMO (JERONIMO), hero of Kyd's "Spanish Tragedy. "

HOBBY, nag. 

HOBBY-HORSE, imitation horse of some light material, fastened round the waist of the morrice-dancer, whoimitated the movements of a skittish horse. 

HODDY-DODDY, fool. 

HOIDEN, hoyden, formerly applied to both sexes (ancientterm for leveret? Gifford). 

HOLLAND, name of two famous chemists. 

HONE AND HONERO, wailing expressions of lament or discontent. 

HOOD-WINK'D, blindfolded. 

HORARY, hourly. 

HORN-MAD, stark mad (quibble). 

HORN-THUMB, cut-purses were in the habit of wearing a hornshield on the thumb. 

HORSE-BREAD-EATING, horses were often fed on coarse bread. 

HORSE-COURSER, horse-dealer. 

HOSPITAL, Christ's Hospital. 

HOWLEGLAS, Eulenspiegel, the hero of a popular Germantale which relates his buffooneries and knavish tricks. 

HUFF, hectoring, arrogance. 

HUFF IT, swagger. 

HUISHER (Fr. Huissier), usher. 

HUM, beer and spirits mixed together. 

HUMANITIAN, humanist, scholar. 

HUMOROUS, capricious, moody, out of humour; moist. 

HUMOUR, a word used in and out of season in the timeof Shakespeare and Ben Jonson, and ridiculed by both. 

HUMOURS, manners. 

HUMPHREY, DUKE, those who were dinnerless spent thedinner-hour in a part of St. Paul's where stood amonument said to be that of the duke's; hence "dinewith Duke Humphrey, " to go hungry. 

HURTLESS, harmless. 

IDLE, useless, unprofitable. 

ILL-AFFECTED, ill-disposed. 

ILL-HABITED, unhealthy. 

ILLUSTRATE, illuminate. 

IMBIBITION, saturation, steeping. 

IMBROCATA, fencing term: a thrust in tierce. 

IMPAIR, impairment. 

IMPART, give money. 

IMPARTER, any one ready to be cheated and to partwith his money. 

IMPEACH, damage. 

IMPERTINENCIES, irrelevancies. 

IMPERTINENT(LY), irrelevant(ly), without reason or purpose. 

IMPOSITION, duty imposed by. 

IMPOTENTLY, beyond power of control. 

IMPRESS, money in advance. 

IMPULSION, incitement. 

IN AND IN, a game played by two or three personswith four dice. 

INCENSE, incite, stir up. 

INCERATION, act of covering with wax; or reducinga substance to softness of wax. 

INCH, "to their--es, " according to their stature, capabilities. 

INCH-PIN, sweet-bread. 

INCONVENIENCE, inconsistency, absurdity. 

INCONY, delicate, rare (used as a term of affection). 

INCUBEE, incubus. 

INCUBUS, evil spirit that oppresses us in sleep, nightmare. 

INCURIOUS, unfastidious, uncritical. 

INDENT, enter into engagement. 

INDIFFERENT, tolerable, passable. 

INDIGESTED, shapeless, chaotic. 

INDUCE, introduce. 

INDUE, supply. 

INEXORABLE, relentless. 

INFANTED, born, produced. 

INFLAME, augment charge. 

INGENIOUS, used indiscriminantly for ingenuous;intelligent, talented. 

INGENUITY, ingenuousness. 

INGENUOUS, generous. 

INGINE. See Engin. 

INGINER, engineer. (See Enginer). 

INGLE, OR ENGHLE, bosom friend, intimate, minion. 

INHABITABLE, uninhabitable. 

INJURY, insult, affront. 

IN-MATE, resident, indwelling. 

INNATE, natural. 

INNOCENT, simpleton. 

INQUEST, jury, or other official body of inquiry. 

INQUISITION, inquiry. 

INSTANT, immediate. 

INSTRUMENT, legal document. 

INSURE, assure. 

INTEGRATE, complete, perfect. 

INTELLIGENCE, secret information, news. 

INTEND, note carefully, attend, give ear to, beoccupied with. 

INTENDMENT, intention. 

INTENT, intention, wish. 

INTENTION, concentration of attention or gaze. 

INTENTIVE, attentive. 

INTERESSED, implicated. 

INTRUDE, bring in forcibly or without leave. 

INVINCIBLY, invisibly. 

INWARD, intimate. 

IRPE (uncertain), "a fantastic grimace, or contortionof the body: (Gifford). "

JACK, Jack o' the clock, automaton figure that strikesthe hour; Jack-a-lent, puppet thrown at in Lent. 

JACK, key of a virginal. 

JACOB'S STAFF, an instrument for taking altitudes anddistances. 

JADE, befool. 

JEALOUSY, JEALOUS, suspicion, suspicious. 

JERKING, lashing. 

JEW'S TRUMP, Jew's harp. 

JIG, merry ballad or tune; a fanciful dialogue orlight comic act introduced at the end or during aninterlude of a play. 

JOINED (JOINT)-STOOL, folding stool. 

JOLL, jowl. 

JOLTHEAD, blockhead. 

JUMP, agree, tally. 

JUST YEAR, no one was capable of the consulship untilhe was forty-three. 

KELL, cocoon. 

KELLY, an alchemist. 

KEMB, comb. 

KEMIA, vessel for distillation. 

KIBE, chap, sore. 

KILDERKIN, small barrel. 

KILL, kiln. 

KIND, nature; species; "do one's--, " act accordingto one's nature. 

KIRTLE, woman's gown of jacket and petticoat. 

KISS OR DRINK AFORE ME, "this is a familiar expression, employed when what the speaker is just about to say isanticipated by another" (Gifford). 

KIT, fiddle. 

KNACK, snap, click. 

KNIPPER-DOLING, a well-known Anabaptist. 

KNITTING CUP, marriage cup. 

KNOCKING, striking, weighty. 

KNOT, company, band; a sandpiper or robin snipe (Tringacanutus); flower-bed laid out in fanciful design. 

KURSINED, KYRSIN, christened. 

LABOURED, wrought with labour and care. 

LADE, load(ed). 

LADING, load. 

LAID, plotted. 

LANCE-KNIGHT (Lanzknecht), a German mercenary foot-soldier. 

LAP, fold. 

LAR, household god. 

LARD, garnish. 

LARGE, abundant. 

LARUM, alarum, call to arms. 

LATTICE, tavern windows were furnished with lattices ofvarious colours. 

LAUNDER, to wash gold in aqua regia, so as imperceptiblyto extract some of it. 

LAVE, ladle, bale. 

LAW, "give--, " give a start (term of chase). 

LAXATIVE, loose. 

LAY ABOARD, run alongside generally with intent to board. 

LEAGUER, siege, or camp of besieging army. 

LEASING, lying. 

LEAVE, leave off, desist. 

LEER, leering or "empty, hence, perhaps, leer horse, a horse without a rider; leer is an adjective meaninguncontrolled, hence 'leer drunkards'" (Halliwell);according to Nares, a leer (empty) horse meant also aled horse; leeward, left. 

LEESE, lose. 

LEGS, "make--, " do obeisance. 

LEIGER, resident representative. 

LEIGERITY, legerdemain. 

LEMMA, subject proposed, or title of the epigram. 

LENTER, slower. 

LET, hinder. 

LET, hindrance. 

LEVEL COIL, a rough game. . . In which one huntedanother from his seat. Hence used for any noisyriot (Halliwell). 

LEWD, ignorant. 

LEYSTALLS, receptacles of filth. 

LIBERAL, ample. 

LIEGER, ledger, register. 

LIFT(ING), steal(ing); theft. 

LIGHT, alight. 

LIGHTLY, commonly, usually, often. 

LIKE, please. 

LIKELY, agreeable, pleasing. 

LIME-HOUND, leash-, blood-hound. 

LIMMER, vile, worthless. 

LIN, leave off. 

Line, "by--, " by rule. 

LINSTOCK, staff to stick in the ground, with forkedhead to hold a lighted match for firing cannon. 

LIQUID, clear. 

LIST, listen, hark; like, please. 

LIVERY, legal term, delivery of the possession, etc. 

LOGGET, small log, stick. 

LOOSE, solution; upshot, issue; release of an arrow. 

LOSE, give over, desist from; waste. 

LOUTING, bowing, cringing. 

LUCULENT, bright of beauty. 

LUDGATHIANS, dealers on Ludgate Hill. 

LURCH, rob, cheat. 

LUTE, to close a vessel with some kind of cement. 

MACK, unmeaning expletive. 

MADGE-HOWLET or OWL, barn-owl. 

MAIM, hurt, injury. 

MAIN, chief concern (used as a quibble on heraldicterm for "hand"). 

MAINPRISE, becoming surety for a prisoner so as toprocure his release. 

MAINTENANCE, giving aid, or abetting. 

MAKE, mate. 

MAKE, MADE, acquaint with business, prepare(d), instruct(ed). 

MALLANDERS, disease of horses. 

MALT HORSE, dray horse. 

MAMMET, puppet. 

MAMMOTHREPT, spoiled child. 

MANAGE, control (term used for breaking-in horses);handling, administration. 

MANGO, slave-dealer. 

MANGONISE, polish up for sale. 

MANIPLES, bundles, handfuls. 

MANKIND, masculine, like a virago. 

MANKIND, humanity. 

MAPLE FACE, spotted face (N. E. D. ). 

MARCHPANE, a confection of almonds, sugar, etc. 

MARK, "fly to the--, " "generally said of a goshawkwhen, having 'put in' a covey of partridges, she takesstand, marking the spot where they disappeared fromview until the falconer arrives to put them out to her"(Harting, Bibl. Accip. Gloss. 226). 

MARLE, marvel. 

MARROW-BONE MAN, one often on his knees for prayer. 

MARRY! exclamation derived from the Virgin's name. 

MARRY GIP, "probably originated from By Mary Gipcy" =St. Mary of Egypt, (N. E. D. ). 

MARTAGAN, Turk's cap lily. 

MARYHINCHCO, stringhalt. 

MASORETH, Masora, correct form of the scriptural textaccording to Hebrew tradition. 

MASS, abb. For master. 

MAUND, beg. 

MAUTHER, girl, maid. 

MEAN, moderation. 

MEASURE, dance, more especially a stately one. 

MEAT, "carry--in one's mouth, " be a source of moneyor entertainment. 

MEATH, metheglin. 

MECHANICAL, belonging to mechanics, mean, vulgar. 

MEDITERRANEO, middle aisle of St. Paul's, a generalresort for business and amusement. 

MEET WITH, even with. 

MELICOTTON, a late kind of peach. 

MENSTRUE, solvent. 

MERCAT, market. 

MERD, excrement. 

MERE, undiluted; absolute, unmitigated. 

MESS, party of four. 

METHEGLIN, fermented liquor, of which one ingredientwas honey. 

METOPOSCOPY, study of physiognomy. 

MIDDLING GOSSIP, go-between. 

MIGNIARD, dainty, delicate. 

MILE-END, training-ground of the city. 

MINE-MEN, sappers. 

MINION, form of cannon. 

MINSITIVE, (?) mincing, affected (N. E. D. ). 

MISCELLANY MADAM, "a female trader in miscellaneousarticles; a dealer in trinkets or ornaments of variouskinds, such as kept shops in the New Exchange" (Nares). 

MISCELLINE, mixed grain; medley. 

MISCONCEIT, misconception. 

MISPRISE, MISPRISION, mistake, misunderstanding. 

MISTAKE AWAY, carry away as if by mistake. 

MITHRIDATE, an antidote against poison. 

MOCCINIGO, small Venetian coin, worth about ninepence. 

MODERN, in the mode; ordinary, commonplace. 

MOMENT, force or influence of value. 

MONTANTO, upward stroke. 

MONTH'S MIND, violent desire. 

MOORISH, like a moor or waste. 

MORGLAY, sword of Bevis of Southampton. 

MORRICE-DANCE, dance on May Day, etc. , in whichcertain personages were represented. 

MORTALITY, death. 

MORT-MAL, old sore, gangrene. 

MOSCADINO, confection flavoured with musk. 

MOTHER, Hysterica passio. 

MOTION, proposal, request; puppet, puppet-show;"one of the small figures on the face of a largeclock which was moved by the vibration of thependulum" (Whalley). 

MOTION, suggest, propose. 

MOTLEY, parti-coloured dress of a fool; henceused to signify pertaining to, or like, a fool. 

MOTTE, motto. 

MOURNIVAL, set of four aces or court cards in a hand;a quartette. 

MOW, setord hay or sheaves of grain. 

MUCH! expressive of irony and incredulity. 

MUCKINDER, handkerchief. 

MULE, "born to ride on--, " judges or serjeants-at-lawformerly rode on mules when going in state to Westminster(Whally). 

MULLETS, small pincers. 

MUM-CHANCE, game of chance, played in silence. 

MUN, must. 

MUREY, dark crimson red. 

MUSCOVY-GLASS, mica. 

MUSE, wonder. 

MUSICAL, in harmony. 

MUSS, mouse; scramble. 

MYROBOLANE, foreign conserve, "a dried plum, broughtfrom the Indies. "

MYSTERY, art, trade, profession. 

NAIL, "to the--" (ad unguem), to perfection, to thevery utmost. 

NATIVE, natural. 

NEAT, cattle. 

NEAT, smartly apparelled; unmixed; dainty. 

NEATLY, neatly finished. 

NEATNESS, elegance. 

NEIS, nose, scent. 

NEUF (NEAF, NEIF), fist. 

NEUFT, newt. 

NIAISE, foolish, inexperienced person. 

NICE, fastidious, trivial, finical, scrupulous. 

NICENESS, fastidiousness. 

NICK, exact amount; right moment; "set in the--, "meaning uncertain. 

NICE, suit, fit; hit, seize the right moment, etc. , exactly hit on, hit off. 

NOBLE, gold coin worth 6s. 8d. 

NOCENT, harmful. 

NIL, not will. 

NOISE, company of musicians. 

NOMENTACK, an Indian chief from Virginia. 

NONES, nonce. 

NOTABLE, egregious. 

NOTE, sign, token. 

NOUGHT, "be--, " go to the devil, be hanged, etc. 

NOWT-HEAD, blockhead. 

NUMBER, rhythm. 

NUPSON, oaf, simpleton. 

OADE, woad. 

OBARNI, preparation of mead. 

OBJECT, oppose; expose; interpose. 

OBLATRANT, barking, railing. 

OBNOXIOUS, liable, exposed; offensive. 

OBSERVANCE, homage, devoted service. 

OBSERVANT, attentive, obsequious. 

OBSERVE, show deference, respect. 

OBSERVER, one who shows deference, or waits upon another. 

OBSTANCY, legal phrase, "juridical opposition. "

OBSTREPEROUS, clamorous, vociferous. 

OBSTUPEFACT, stupefied. 

ODLING, (?) "must have some relation to tricking andcheating" (Nares). 

OMINOUS, deadly, fatal. 

ONCE, at once; for good and all; used also for additionalemphasis. 

ONLY, pre-eminent, special. 

OPEN, make public; expound. 

OPPILATION, obstruction. 

OPPONE, oppose. 

OPPOSITE, antagonist. 

OPPRESS, suppress. 

ORIGINOUS, native. 

ORT, remnant, scrap. 

OUT, "to be--, " to have forgotten one's part;not at one with each other. 

OUTCRY, sale by auction. 

OUTRECUIDANCE, arrogance, presumption. 

OUTSPEAK, speak more than. 

OVERPARTED, given too difficult a part to play. 

OWLSPIEGEL. See Howleglass. 

OYEZ! (O YES!), hear ye! call of the public crierwhen about to make a proclamation. 

PACKING PENNY, "give a--, " dismiss, send packing. 

PAD, highway. 

PAD-HORSE, road-horse. 

PAINED (PANED) SLOPS, full breeches made of stripsof different colour and material. 

PAINFUL, diligent, painstaking. 

PAINT, blush. 

PALINODE, ode of recantation. 

PALL, weaken, dim, make stale. 

PALM, triumph. 

PAN, skirt of dress or coat. 

PANNEL, pad, or rough kind of saddle. 

PANNIER-ALLY, inhabited by tripe-sellers. 

PANNIER-MAN, hawker; a man employed about the inns ofcourt to bring in provisions, set the table, etc. 

PANTOFLE, indoor shoe, slipper. 

PARAMENTOS, fine trappings. 

PARANOMASIE, a play upon words. 

PARANTORY, (?) peremptory. 

PARCEL, particle, fragment (used contemptuously); article. 

PARCEL, part, partly. 

PARCEL-POET, poetaster. 

PARERGA, subordinate matters. 

PARGET, to paint or plaster the face. 

PARLE, parley. 

PARLOUS, clever, shrewd. 

PART, apportion. 

PARTAKE, participate in. 

PARTED, endowed, talented. 

PARTICULAR, individual person. 

PARTIZAN, kind of halberd. 

PARTRICH, partridge. 

PARTS, qualities, endowments. 

PASH, dash, smash. 

PASS, care, trouble oneself. 

PASSADO, fencing term: a thrust. 

PASSAGE, game at dice. 

PASSINGLY, exceedingly. 

PASSION, effect caused by external agency. 

PASSION, "in--, " in so melancholy a tone, so pathetically. 

PATOUN, (?) Fr. Paton, pellet of dough; perhaps the"moulding of the tobacco. . . For the pipe" (Gifford); (?)variant of Petun, South American name of tobacco. 

PATRICO, the recorder, priest, orator of strollingbeggars or gipsies. 

PATTEN, shoe with wooden sole; "go--, " keep step with, accompany. 

PAUCA VERBA, few words. 

PAVIN, a stately dance. 

PEACE, "with my master's--, " by leave, favour. 

PECULIAR, individual, single. 

PEDANT, teacher of the languages. 

PEEL, baker's shovel. 

PEEP, speak in a small or shrill voice. 

PEEVISH(LY), foolish(ly), capricious(ly); childish(ly). 

PELICAN, a retort fitted with tube or tubes, forcontinuous distillation. 

PENCIL, small tuft of hair. 

PERDUE, soldier accustomed to hazardous service. 

PEREMPTORY, resolute, bold; imperious; thorough, utter, absolute(ly). 

PERIMETER, circumference of a figure. 

PERIOD, limit, end. 

PERK, perk up. 

PERPETUANA, "this seems to be that glossy kind of stuffnow called everlasting, and anciently worn by serjeantsand other city officers" (Gifford). 

PERSPECTIVE, a view, scene or scenery; an optical devicewhich gave a distortion to the picture unless seen from aparticular point; a relief, modelled to produce anoptical illusion. 

PERSPICIL, optic glass. 

PERSTRINGE, criticise, censure. 

PERSUADE, inculcate, commend. 

PERSWAY, mitigate. 

PERTINACY, pertinacity. 

PESTLING, pounding, pulverising, like a pestle. 

PETASUS, broad-brimmed hat or winged cap worn by Mercury. 

PETITIONARY, supplicatory. 

PETRONEL, a kind of carbine or light gun carried by horsemen. 

PETULANT, pert, insolent. 

PHERE. See Fere. 

PHLEGMA, watery distilled liquor (old chem. "water"). 

PHRENETIC, madman. 

PICARDIL, stiff upright collar fastened on to the coat(Whalley). 

PICT-HATCH, disreputable quarter of London. 

PIECE, person, used for woman or girl; a gold coinworth in Jonson's time 20s. Or 22s. 

PIECES OF EIGHT, Spanish coin: piastre equal to eightreals. 

PIED, variegated. 

PIE-POUDRES (Fr. Pied-poudreux, dusty-foot), court heldat fairs to administer justice to itinerant vendors andbuyers. 

PILCHER, term of contempt; one who wore a buff or leatherjerkin, as did the serjeants of the counter; a pilferer. 

PILED, pilled, peeled, bald. 

PILL'D, polled, fleeced. 

PIMLICO, "sometimes spoken of as a person--perhapsmaster of a house famous for a particular ale" (Gifford). 

PINE, afflict, distress. 

PINK, stab with a weapon; pierce or cut in scallops forornament. 

PINNACE, a go-between in infamous sense. 

PISMIRE, ant. 

PISTOLET, gold coin, worth about 6s. 

PITCH, height of a bird of prey's flight. 

PLAGUE, punishment, torment. 

PLAIN, lament. 

PLAIN SONG, simple melody. 

PLAISE, plaice. 

PLANET, "struck with a--, " planets were supposed tohave powers of blasting or exercising secret influences. 

PLAUSIBLE, pleasing. 

PLAUSIBLY, approvingly. 

PLOT, plan. 

PLY, apply oneself to. 

POESIE, posy, motto inside a ring. 

POINT IN HIS DEVICE, exact in every particular. 

POINTS, tagged laces or cords for fastening the breechesto the doublet. 

POINT-TRUSSER, one who trussed (tied) his master'spoints (q. V. ). 

POISE, weigh, balance. 

POKING-STICK, stick used for setting the plaits of ruffs. 

POLITIC, politician. 

POLITIC, judicious, prudent, political. 

POLITICIAN, plotter, intriguer. 

POLL, strip, plunder, gain by extortion. 

POMANDER, ball of perfume, worn or hung about theperson to prevent infection, or for foppery. 

POMMADO, vaulting on a horse without the aid of stirrups. 

PONTIC, sour. 

POPULAR, vulgar, of the populace. 

POPULOUS, numerous. 

PORT, gate; print of a deer's foot. 

PORT, transport. 

PORTAGUE, Portuguese gold coin, worth over 3 or 4pounds. 

PORTCULLIS, "--of coin, " some old coins have aportcullis stamped on their reverse (Whalley). 

PORTENT, marvel, prodigy; sinister omen. 

PORTENTOUS, prophesying evil, threatening. 

PORTER, references appear "to allude to Parsons, the king'sporter, who was. . . Near seven feet high" (Whalley). 

POSSESS, inform, acquaint. 

POST AND PAIR, a game at cards. 

POSY, motto. (See Poesie). 

POTCH, poach. 

POULT-FOOT, club-foot. 

POUNCE, claw, talon. 

PRACTICE, intrigue, concerted plot. 

PRACTISE, plot, conspire. 

PRAGMATIC, an expert, agent. 

PRAGMATIC, officious, conceited, meddling. 

PRECEDENT, record of proceedings. 

PRECEPT, warrant, summons. 

PRECISIAN(ISM), Puritan(ism), preciseness. 

PREFER, recommend. 

PRESENCE, presence chamber. 

PRESENT(LY), immediate(ly), without delay; at thepresent time; actually. 

PRESS, force into service. 

PREST, ready. 

PRETEND, assert, allege. 

PREVENT, anticipate. 

PRICE, worth, excellence. 

PRICK, point, dot used in the writing of Hebrew andother languages. 

PRICK, prick out, mark off, select; trace, track;"--away, " make off with speed. 

PRIMERO, game of cards. 

PRINCOX, pert boy. 

PRINT, "in--, " to the letter, exactly. 

PRISTINATE, former. 

PRIVATE, private interests. 

PRIVATE, privy, intimate. 

PROCLIVE, prone to. 

PRODIGIOUS, monstrous, unnatural. 

PRODIGY, monster. 

PRODUCED, prolonged. 

PROFESS, pretend. 

PROJECTION, the throwing of the "powder of projection"into the crucible to turn the melted metal into gold orsilver. 

PROLATE, pronounce drawlingly. 

PROPER, of good appearance, handsome; own, particular. 

PROPERTIES, stage necessaries. 

PROPERTY, duty; tool. 

PRORUMPED, burst out. 

PROTEST, vow, proclaim (an affected word of that time);formally declare non-payment, etc. , of bill of exchange;fig. Failure of personal credit, etc. 

PROVANT, soldier's allowance--hence, of common make. 

PROVIDE, foresee. 

PROVIDENCE, foresight, prudence. 

PUBLICATION, making a thing public of common property (N. E. D. ). 

PUCKFIST, puff-ball; insipid, insignificant, boasting fellow. 

PUFF-WING, shoulder puff. 

PUISNE, judge of inferior rank, a junior. 

PULCHRITUDE, beauty. 

PUMP, shoe. 

PUNGENT, piercing. 

PUNTO, point, hit. 

PURCEPT, precept, warrant. 

PURE, fine, capital, excellent. 

PURELY, perfectly, utterly. 

PURL, pleat or fold of a ruff. 

PURSE-NET, net of which the mouth is drawn togetherwith a string. 

PURSUIVANT, state messenger who summoned the persecutedseminaries; warrant officer. 

PURSY, PURSINESS, shortwinded(ness). 

PUT, make a push, exert yourself (N. E. D. ). 

PUT OFF, excuse, shift. 

PUT ON, incite, encourage; proceed with, take in hand, try. 

QUACKSALVER, quack. 

QUAINT, elegant, elaborated, ingenious, clever. 

QUAR, quarry. 

QUARRIED, seized, or fed upon, as prey. 

QUEAN, hussy, jade. 

QUEASY, hazardous, delicate. 

QUELL, kill, destroy. 

QUEST, request; inquiry. 

QUESTION, decision by force of arms. 

QUESTMAN, one appointed to make official inquiry. 

QUIB, QUIBLIN, quibble, quip. 

QUICK, the living. 

QUIDDIT, quiddity, legal subtlety. 

QUIRK, clever turn or trick. 

QUIT, requite, repay; acquit, absolve; rid; forsake, leave. 

QUITTER-BONE, disease of horses. 

QUODLING, codling. 

QUOIT, throw like a quoit, chuck. 

QUOTE, take note, observe, write down. 

RACK, neck of mutton or pork (Halliwell). 

RAKE UP, cover over. 

RAMP, rear, as a lion, etc. 

RAPT, carry away. 

RAPT, enraptured. 

RASCAL, young or inferior deer. 

RASH, strike with a glancing oblique blow, as aboar with its tusk. 

RATSEY, GOMALIEL, a famous highwayman. 

RAVEN, devour. 

REACH, understand. 

REAL, regal. 

REBATU, ruff, turned-down collar. 

RECTOR, RECTRESS, director, governor. 

REDARGUE, confute. 

REDUCE, bring back. 

REED, rede, counsel, advice. 

REEL, run riot. 

REFEL, refute. 

REFORMADOES, disgraced or disbanded soldiers. 

REGIMENT, government. 

REGRESSION, return. 

REGULAR ("Tale of a Tub"), regular noun (quibble) (N. E. D. ). 

RELIGION, "make--of, " make a point of, scruple of. 

RELISH, savour. 

REMNANT, scrap of quotation. 

REMORA, species of fish. 

RENDER, depict, exhibit, show. 

REPAIR, reinstate. 

REPETITION, recital, narration. 

REREMOUSE, bat. 

RESIANT, resident. 

RESIDENCE, sediment. 

RESOLUTION, judgment, decision. 

RESOLVE, inform; assure; prepare, make up one's mind;dissolve; come to a decision, be convinced; relax, setat ease. 

RESPECTIVE, worthy of respect; regardful, discriminative. 

RESPECTIVELY, with reverence. 

RESPECTLESS, regardless. 

RESPIRE, exhale; inhale. 

RESPONSIBLE, correspondent. 

REST, musket-rest. 

REST, "set up one's--, " venture one's all, one'slast stake (from game of primero). 

REST, arrest. 

RESTIVE, RESTY, dull, inactive. 

RETCHLESS(NESS), reckless(ness). 

RETIRE, cause to retire. 

RETRICATO, fencing term. 

RETRIEVE, rediscovery of game once sprung. 

RETURNS, ventures sent abroad, for the safe return ofwhich so much money is received. 

REVERBERATE, dissolve or blend by reflected heat. 

REVERSE, REVERSO, back-handed thrust, etc. , in fencing. 

REVISE, reconsider a sentence. 

RHEUM, spleen, caprice. 

RIBIBE, abusive term for an old woman. 

RID, destroy, do away with. 

RIFLING, raffling, dicing. 

RING, "cracked within the--, " coins so cracked wereunfit for currency. 

RISSE, risen, rose. 

RIVELLED, wrinkled. 

ROARER, swaggerer. 

ROCHET, fish of the gurnet kind. 

ROCK, distaff. 

RODOMONTADO, braggadocio. 

ROGUE, vagrant, vagabond. 

RONDEL, "a round mark in the score of a public-house"(Nares); roundel. 

ROOK, sharper; fool, dupe. 

ROSAKER, similar to ratsbane. 

ROSA-SOLIS, a spiced spirituous liquor. 

ROSES, rosettes. 

ROUND, "gentlemen of the--, " officers of inferior rank. 

ROUND TRUNKS, trunk hose, short loose breeches reachingalmost or quite to the knees. 

ROUSE, carouse, bumper. 

ROVER, arrow used for shooting at a random mark atuncertain distance. 

ROWLY-POWLY, roly-poly. 

RUDE, RUDENESS, unpolished, rough(ness), coarse(ness). 

RUFFLE, flaunt, swagger. 

RUG, coarse frieze. 

RUG-GOWNS, gown made of rug. 

RUSH, reference to rushes with which the floors werethen strewn. 

RUSHER, one who strewed the floor with rushes. 

RUSSET, homespun cloth of neutral or reddish-brown colour. 

SACK, loose, flowing gown. 

SADLY, seriously, with gravity. 

SAD(NESS), sober, serious(ness). 

SAFFI, bailiffs. 

ST. THOMAS A WATERINGS, place in Surrey where criminalswere executed. 

SAKER, small piece of ordnance. 

SALT, leap. 

SALT, lascivious. 

SAMPSUCHINE, sweet marjoram. 

SARABAND, a slow dance. 

SATURNALS, began December 17. 

SAUCINESS, presumption, insolence. 

SAUCY, bold, impudent, wanton. 

SAUNA (Lat. ), a gesture of contempt. 

SAVOUR, perceive; gratify, please; to partake of the nature. 

SAY, sample. 

SAY, assay, try. 

SCALD, word of contempt, implying dirt and disease. 

SCALLION, shalot, small onion. 

SCANDERBAG, "name which the Turks (in allusion toAlexander the Great) gave to the brave Castriot, chiefof Albania, with whom they had continual wars. Hisromantic life had just been translated" (Gifford). 

SCAPE, escape. 

SCARAB, beetle. 

SCARTOCCIO, fold of paper, cover, cartouch, cartridge. 

SCONCE, head. 

SCOPE, aim. 

SCOT AND LOT, tax, contribution (formerly a parishassessment). 

SCOTOMY, dizziness in the head. 

SCOUR, purge. 

SCOURSE, deal, swap. 

SCRATCHES, disease of horses. 

SCROYLE, mean, rascally fellow. 

SCRUPLE, doubt. 

SEAL, put hand to the giving up of property or rights. 

SEALED, stamped as genuine. 

SEAM-RENT, ragged. 

SEAMING LACES, insertion or edging. 

SEAR UP, close by searing, burning. 

SEARCED, sifted. 

SECRETARY, able to keep a secret. 

SECULAR, worldly, ordinary, commonplace. 

SECURE, confident. 

SEELIE, happy, blest. 

SEISIN, legal term: possession. 

SELLARY, lewd person. 

SEMBLABLY, similarly. 

SEMINARY, a Romish priest educated in a foreign seminary. 

SENSELESS, insensible, without sense or feeling. 

SENSIBLY, perceptibly. 

SENSIVE, sensitive. 

SENSUAL, pertaining to the physical or material. 

SERENE, harmful dew of evening. 

SERICON, red tincture. 

SERVANT, lover. 

SERVICES, doughty deeds of arms. 

SESTERCE, Roman copper coin. 

SET, stake, wager. 

SET UP, drill. 

SETS, deep plaits of the ruff. 

SEWER, officer who served up the feast, and broughtwater for the hands of the guests. 

SHAPE, a suit by way of disguise. 

SHIFT, fraud, dodge. 

SHIFTER, cheat. 

SHITTLE, shuttle; "shittle-cock, " shuttlecock. 

SHOT, tavern reckoning. 

SHOT-CLOG, one only tolerated because he paid the shot(reckoning) for the rest. 

SHOT-FREE, scot-free, not having to pay. 

SHOVE-GROAT, low kind of gambling amusement, perhapssomewhat of the nature of pitch and toss. 

SHOT-SHARKS, drawers. 

SHREWD, mischievous, malicious, curst. 

SHREWDLY, keenly, in a high degree. 

SHRIVE, sheriff; posts were set up before his door forproclamations, or to indicate his residence. 

SHROVING, Shrovetide, season of merriment. 

SIGILLA, seal, mark. 

SILENCED BRETHERN, MINISTERS, those of the Church orNonconformists who had been silenced, deprived, etc. 

SILLY, simple, harmless. 

SIMPLE, silly, witless; plain, true. 

SIMPLES, herbs. 

SINGLE, term of chase, signifying when the hunted stagis separated from the herd, or forced to break covert. 

SINGLE, weak, silly. 

SINGLE-MONEY, small change. 

SINGULAR, unique, supreme. 

SI-QUIS, bill, advertisement. 

SKELDRING, getting money under false pretences; swindling. 

SKILL, "it--s not, " matters not. 

SKINK(ER), pour, draw(er), tapster. 

SKIRT, tail. 

SLEEK, smooth. 

SLICE, fire shovel or pan (dial. ). 

SLICK, sleek, smooth. 

'SLID, 'SLIGHT, 'SPRECIOUS, irreverent oaths. 

SLIGHT, sleight, cunning, cleverness; trick. 

SLIP, counterfeit coin, bastard. 

SLIPPERY, polished and shining. 

SLOPS, large loose breeches. 

SLOT, print of a stag's foot. 

SLUR, put a slur on; cheat (by sliding a die in some way). 

SMELT, gull, simpleton. 

SNORLE, "perhaps snarl, as Puppy is addressed" (Cunningham). 

SNOTTERIE, filth. 

SNUFF, anger, resentment; "take in--, " take offence at. 

SNUFFERS, small open silver dishes for holding snuff, or receptacle for placing snuffers in (Halliwell). 

SOCK, shoe worn by comic actors. 

SOD, seethe. 

SOGGY, soaked, sodden. 

SOIL, "take--, " said of a hunted stag when he takesto the water for safety. 

SOL, sou. 

SOLDADOES, soldiers. 

SOLICIT, rouse, excite to action. 

SOOTH, flattery, cajolery. 

SOOTHE, flatter, humour. 

SOPHISTICATE, adulterate. 

SORT, company, party; rank, degree. 

SORT, suit, fit; select. 

SOUSE, ear. 

SOUSED ("Devil is an Ass"), fol. Read "sou't, " whichDyce interprets as "a variety of the spelling of "shu'd":to "shu" is to scare a bird away. " (See his "Webster, "page 350). 

SOWTER, cobbler. 

SPAGYRICA, chemistry according to the teachings of Paracelsus. 

SPAR, bar. 

SPEAK, make known, proclaim. 

SPECULATION, power of sight. 

SPED, to have fared well, prospered. 

SPEECE, species. 

SPIGHT, anger, rancour. 

SPINNER, spider. 

SPINSTRY, lewd person. 

SPITTLE, hospital, lazar-house. 

SPLEEN, considered the seat of the emotions. 

SPLEEN, caprice, humour, mood. 

SPRUNT, spruce. 

SPURGE, foam. 

SPUR-RYAL, gold coin worth 15s. 

SQUIRE, square, measure; "by the--, " exactly. 

STAGGERING, wavering, hesitating. 

STAIN, disparagement, disgrace. 

STALE, decoy, or cover, stalking-horse. 

STALE, make cheap, common. 

STALK, approach stealthily or under cover. 

STALL, forestall. 

STANDARD, suit. 

STAPLE, market, emporium. 

STARK, downright. 

STARTING-HOLES, loopholes of escape. 

STATE, dignity; canopied chair of state; estate. 

STATUMINATE, support vines by poles or stakes; usedby Pliny (Gifford). 

STAY, gag. 

STAY, await; detain. 

STICKLER, second or umpire. 

STIGMATISE, mark, brand. 

STILL, continual(ly), constant(ly). 

STINKARD, stinking fellow. 

STINT, stop. 

STIPTIC, astringent. 

STOCCATA, thrust in fencing. 

STOCK-FISH, salted and dried fish. 

STOMACH, pride, valour. 

STOMACH, resent. 

STOOP, swoop down as a hawk. 

STOP, fill, stuff. 

STOPPLE, stopper. 

STOTE, stoat, weasel. 

STOUP, stoop, swoop=bow. 

STRAIGHT, straightway. 

STRAMAZOUN (Ital. Stramazzone), a down blow, as opposedto the thrust. 

STRANGE, like a stranger, unfamiliar. 

STRANGENESS, distance of behaviour. 

STREIGHTS, OR BERMUDAS, labyrinth of alleys and courtsin the Strand. 

STRIGONIUM, Grau in Hungary, taken from the Turks in1597. 

STRIKE, balance (accounts). 

STRINGHALT, disease of horses. 

STROKER, smoother, flatterer. 

STROOK, p. P. Of "strike. "

STRUMMEL-PATCHED, strummel is glossed in dialect dicts. As "a long, loose and dishevelled head of hair. "

STUDIES, studious efforts. 

STYLE, title; pointed instrument used for writing on waxtablets. 

SUBTLE, fine, delicate, thin; smooth, soft. 

SUBTLETY (SUBTILITY), subtle device. 

SUBURB, connected with loose living. 

SUCCUBAE, demons in form of women. 

SUCK, extract money from. 

SUFFERANCE, suffering. 

SUMMED, term of falconry: with full-grown plumage. 

SUPER-NEGULUM, topers turned the cup bottom up whenit was empty. 

SUPERSTITIOUS, over-scrupulous. 

SUPPLE, to make pliant. 

SURBATE, make sore with walking. 

SURCEASE, cease. 

SUR-REVERENCE, save your reverence. 

SURVISE, peruse. 

SUSCITABILITY, excitability. 

SUSPECT, suspicion. 

SUSPEND, suspect. 

SUSPENDED, held over for the present. 

SUTLER, victualler. 

SWAD, clown, boor. 

SWATH BANDS, swaddling clothes. 

SWINGE, beat. 

TABERD, emblazoned mantle or tunic worn by knightsand heralds. 

TABLE(S), "pair of--, " tablets, note-book. 

TABOR, small drum. 

TABRET, tabor. 

TAFFETA, silk; "tuft-taffeta, " a more costly silken fabric. 

TAINT, "--a staff, " break a lance at tilting in anunscientific or dishonourable manner. 

TAKE IN, capture, subdue. 

TAKE ME WITH YOU, let me understand you. 

TAKE UP, obtain on credit, borrow. 

TALENT, sum or weight of Greek currency. 

TALL, stout, brave. 

TANKARD-BEARERS, men employed to fetch water from theconduits. 

TARLETON, celebrated comedian and jester. 

TARTAROUS, like a Tartar. 

TAVERN-TOKEN, "to swallow a--, " get drunk. 

TELL, count. 

TELL-TROTH, truth-teller. 

TEMPER, modify, soften. 

TENDER, show regard, care for, cherish; manifest. 

TENT, "take--, " take heed. 

TERSE, swept and polished. 

TERTIA, "that portion of an army levied out of oneparticular district or division of a country" (Gifford). 

TESTON, tester, coin worth 6d. 

THIRDBOROUGH, constable. 

THREAD, quality. 

THREAVES, droves. 

THREE-FARTHINGS, piece of silver current under Elizabeth. 

THREE-PILED, of finest quality, exaggerated. 

THRIFTILY, carefully. 

THRUMS, ends of the weaver's warp; coarse yarn made from. 

THUMB-RING, familiar spirits were supposed capable ofbeing carried about in various ornaments or parts of dress. 

TIBICINE, player on the tibia, or pipe. 

TICK-TACK, game similar to backgammon. 

TIGHTLY, promptly. 

TIM, (?) expressive of a climax of nonentity. 

TIMELESS, untimely, unseasonable. 

TINCTURE, an essential or spiritual principle supposedby alchemists to be transfusible into material things;an imparted characteristic or tendency. 

TINK, tinkle. 

TIPPET, "turn--, " change behaviour or way of life. 

TIPSTAFF, staff tipped with metal. 

TIRE, head-dress. 

TIRE, feed ravenously, like a bird of prey. 

TITILLATION, that which tickles the senses, as a perfume. 

TOD, fox. 

TOILED, worn out, harassed. 

TOKEN, piece of base metal used in place of very smallcoin, when this was scarce. 

TONNELS, nostrils. 

TOP, "parish--, " large top kept in villages foramusement and exercise in frosty weather when peoplewere out of work. 

TOTER, tooter, player on a wind instrument. 

TOUSE, pull, rend. 

TOWARD, docile, apt; on the way to; as regards; present, at hand. 

TOY, whim; trick; term of contempt. 

TRACT, attraction. 

TRAIN, allure, entice. 

TRANSITORY, transmittable. 

TRANSLATE, transform. 

TRAY-TRIP, game at dice (success depended on throwinga three) (Nares). 

TREACHOUR (TRECHER), traitor. 

TREEN, wooden. 

TRENCHER, serving-man who carved or served food. 

TRENDLE-TAIL, trundle-tail, curly-tailed. 

TRICK (TRICKING), term of heraldry: to draw outline ofcoat of arms, etc. , without blazoning. 

TRIG, a spruce, dandified man. 

TRILL, trickle. 

TRILLIBUB, tripe, any worthless, trifling thing. 

TRIPOLY, "come from--, " able to perform feats of agility, a "jest nominal, " depending on the first part of the word(Gifford). 

TRITE, worn, shabby. 

TRIVIA, three-faced goddess (Hecate). 

TROJAN, familiar term for an equal or inferior; thief. 

TROLL, sing loudly. 

TROMP, trump, deceive. 

TROPE, figure of speech. 

TROW, think, believe, wonder. 

TROWLE, troll. 

TROWSES, breeches, drawers. 

TRUCHMAN, interpreter. 

TRUNDLE, JOHN, well-known printer. 

TRUNDLE, roll, go rolling along. 

TRUNDLING CHEATS, term among gipsies and beggars forcarts or coaches (Gifford). 

TRUNK, speaking-tube. 

TRUSS, tie the tagged laces that fastened the breechesto the doublet. 

TUBICINE, trumpeter. 

TUCKET (Ital. Toccato), introductory flourish on thetrumpet. 

TUITION, guardianship. 

TUMBLER, a particular kind of dog so called from themode of his hunting. 

TUMBREL-SLOP, loose, baggy breeches. 

TURD, excrement. 

TUSK, gnash the teeth (Century Dict. ). 

TWIRE, peep, twinkle. 

TWOPENNY ROOM, gallery. 

TYRING-HOUSE, attiring-room. 

ULENSPIEGEL. See Howleglass. 

UMBRATILE, like or pertaining to a shadow. 

UMBRE, brown dye. 

UNBATED, unabated. 

UNBORED, (?) excessively bored. 

UNCARNATE, not fleshly, or of flesh. 

UNCOUTH, strange, unusual. 

UNDERTAKER, "one who undertook by his influence in theHouse of Commons to carry things agreeably to hisMajesty's wishes" (Whalley); one who becomes surety for. 

UNEQUAL, unjust. 

UNEXCEPTED, no objection taken at. 

UNFEARED, unaffrighted. 

UNHAPPILY, unfortunately. 

UNICORN'S HORN, supposed antidote to poison. 

UNKIND(LY), unnatural(ly). 

UNMANNED, untamed (term in falconry). 

UNQUIT, undischarged. 

UNREADY, undressed. 

UNRUDE, rude to an extreme. 

UNSEASONED, unseasonable, unripe. 

UNSEELED, a hawk's eyes were "seeled" by sewing theeyelids together with fine thread. 

UNTIMELY, unseasonably. 

UNVALUABLE, invaluable. 

UPBRAID, make a matter of reproach. 

UPSEE, heavy kind of Dutch beer (Halliwell); "--Dutch, "in the Dutch fashion. 

UPTAILS ALL, refrain of a popular song. 

URGE, allege as accomplice, instigator. 

URSHIN, URCHIN, hedgehog. 

USE, interest on money; part of sermon dealing with thepractical application of doctrine. 

USE, be in the habit of, accustomed to; put out to interest. 

USQUEBAUGH, whisky. 

USURE, usury. 

UTTER, put in circulation, make to pass current; put forth for sale. 

VAIL, bow, do homage. 

VAILS, tips, gratuities. 

VALL. See Vail. 

VALLIES (Fr. Valise), portmanteau, bag. 

VAPOUR(S) (n. And v. ), used affectedly, like "humour, "in many senses, often very vaguely and freely ridiculedby Jonson; humour, disposition, whims, brag(ging), hector(ing), etc. 

VARLET, bailiff, or serjeant-at-mace. 

VAUT, vault. 

VEER (naut. ), pay out. 

VEGETAL, vegetable; person full of life and vigour. 

VELLUTE, velvet. 

VELVET CUSTARD. Cf. "Taming of the Shrew, " iv. 3, 82, "custard coffin, " coffin being the raised crust over a pie. 

VENT, vend, sell; give outlet to; scent, snuff up. 

VENUE, bout (fencing term). 

VERDUGO (Span. ), hangman, executioner. 

VERGE, "in the--, " within a certain distance of the court. 

VEX, agitate, torment. 

VICE, the buffoon of old moralities; some kind ofmachinery for moving a puppet (Gifford). 

VIE AND REVIE, to hazard a certain sum, and to coverit with a larger one. 

VINCENT AGAINST YORK, two heralds-at-arms. 

VINDICATE, avenge. 

VIRGE, wand, rod. 

VIRGINAL, old form of piano. 

VIRTUE, valour. 

VIVELY, in lifelike manner, livelily. 

VIZARD, mask. 

VOGUE, rumour, gossip. 

VOICE, vote. 

VOID, leave, quit. 

VOLARY, cage, aviary. 

VOLLEY, "at--, " "o' the volee, " at random (from aterm of tennis). 

VORLOFFE, furlough. 

WADLOE, keeper of the Devil Tavern, where Jonson and hisfriends met in the 'Apollo' room (Whalley). 

WAIGHTS, waits, night musicians, "band of musicalwatchmen" (Webster), or old form of "hautboys. "

WANNION, "vengeance, " "plague" (Nares). 

WARD, a famous pirate. 

WARD, guard in fencing. 

WATCHET, pale, sky blue. 

WEAL, welfare. 

WEED, garment. 

WEFT, waif. 

WEIGHTS, "to the gold--, " to every minute particular. 

WELKIN, sky. 

WELL-SPOKEN, of fair speech. 

WELL-TORNED, turned and polished, as on a wheel. 

WELT, hem, border of fur. 

WHER, whether. 

WHETSTONE, GEORGE, an author who lived 1544(?) to 1587(?). 

WHIFF, a smoke, or drink; "taking the--, " inhaling thetobacco smoke or some such accomplishment. 

WHIGH-HIES, neighings, whinnyings. 

WHIMSY, whim, "humour. "

WHINILING, (?) whining, weakly. 

WHIT, (?) a mere jot. 

WHITEMEAT, food made of milk or eggs. 

WICKED, bad, clumsy. 

WICKER, pliant, agile. 

WILDING, esp. Fruit of wild apple or crab tree (Webster). 

WINE, "I have the--for you, " Prov. : I have theperquisites (of the office) which you are to share(Cunningham). 

WINNY, "same as old word "wonne, " to stay, etc. " (Whalley). 

WISE-WOMAN, fortune-teller. 

WISH, recommend. 

WISS (WUSSE), "I--, " certainly, of a truth. 

WITHOUT, beyond. 

WITTY, cunning, ingenious, clever. 

WOOD, collection, lot. 

WOODCOCK, term of contempt. 

WOOLSACK ("--pies"), name of tavern. 

WORT, unfermented beer. 

WOUNDY, great, extreme. 

WREAK, revenge. 

WROUGHT, wrought upon. 

WUSSE, interjection. (See Wiss). 

YEANLING, lamb, kid. 

ZANY, an inferior clown, who attended upon the chieffool and mimicked his tricks.