Sir James MacPherson Le Moine (January 21, 1825 – February 5, 1912) was a Canadian author and barrister. He was involved with the Literary and Historical Society of Quebec, helping in the development of their natural history museum, and later serving as president in 1871, 1879-1882, and 1902-1903. From 1894 to 1895, he was the president of the Royal Society of Canada. In 1897, he was made a Knight by Queen Victoria. In 1856, he married Mary Atkinson. They had two children: Jeanette Julia and Sophia Annie.