Rudolf Erich Raspe (March 1736 – November 1794) was a German librarian, writer and scientist, and he was called by his biographer John Carswell a "rogue". He is best known for his collection of tall tales, The Surprising Adventures of Baron Munchausen, originally a satirical work with political aims. Raspe was born in Hanover, studied law and jurisprudence at Göttingen and Leipzig and worked as a librarian for the university of Göttingen. From 1767 he was responsible for some collections of Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel), before having to flee to England in 1775 after pilfering some gems that were supposedly in his care. He was employed by Matthew Boulton in mines in Cornwall. At the same time, he also authored books in geology and the history of art. He also worked for the famous publisher John Nichols in several projects. In 1791 he moved to Scotland, and after an involvement in a mining swindle there (salting a mine), he left. He finally moved to Ireland where he managed a copper mine on the Herbert Estate in Killarney. He died in Killarney, County Kerry, of typhoid, in November 1794. The Baron Munchausen tales were made famous when they were 'borrowed', translated into German, and embellished somewhat by Gottfried August Bürger in 1786 - and have been a favourite read of subsequent generations, as well as the basis of several films, including Terry Gilliam's The Adventures of Baron Munchausen.