Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: 17 CHAPTER III. On The Solution Of The Calculus-fokming Substances In The Bile. The calculus-forming substances, cholesterin and bilirubin- calcium, are both insoluble in water. 1. Cholesterin is held in solution in the bile chiefly through the instrumentality of the bile salts of the alkali metals and the soaps and fats. Table VI., which was constructed by Happel from the results of his own experiments, shows the solubility of cholesterin in these substances. Table VI. Solubility of cholesterin in various media at 37—38 C. :— OleinName of solvent.Amount of cholesterin soluble in 100 c.o.5 grms.Medicinal soap ...2- 5 per cent.0-9 107 t n 0-50-4 j0-25o-iSodium glycocholatej )j2-50-17 ,10-1 ,0-50-07 0-250-03Socurn tauroclolate2-50-18 810-1 0-50-08 t0-250-05 In all instances the cholesterin was allowed to stand in contact with the solvent for 24—36 hours at the temperature mentioned. It is seen that at about 37 C. glycocholate and taurocholate of sodium in O25—2-5 per cent. solutions dissolve about a tenth part of their own mass of cholesterin. Soap in equally dilute solutions dissolves about half its own mass of cholesterin. Fat (olein) dissolves 5 per cent. of cholesterin. According to all analyses of bile—I refer to those published by Kausch in his dissertation—human bile contains ten times, or even more than ten times, as much alkaline bile salts as cholesterin. There are also to be considered the fats and soaps which as a rule are present in bile in quantities many times, and often as much as ten times, greater than that of cholesterin. The solution of cholesterin in the bile is not interfered with by its concentration, and one can evaporate down the bile of dogs and human beings, even to dryness, without ever seeing any separation out of cho...