Introduction to HOUSING Facts and Principles - A trio of Uncle Sams tenants. Growing chicks . . . need comfortable houses . . . with plenty of fresh air and sunlight. Farmerr Bulletin . No. 1554. Reprinted May, 1940 Contents Page Introduction-Why is the housing problem important . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IX I. A few basic facts about the American people . . . 1 11. What sort of homes do the American people live in 9 111. How did it come about . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 IV. What are the present-day health requirements for housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 V. How do health experts rate our housing . . . . . . 35 VI. The cost of bad housing in preventable sickness and death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 VII. The cost of bad housing in juvenile delinquency and crime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 VIII. The cost of bad housing in excessive taxes . . . . 62 IX. Housing shortage in 1938 and probable needs to 1950 nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 X. The housing market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 XI. Effect of future changes in construction costs, income distribution, and cost of living, with a glance at cost of land, financing, and taxes . . . . . . . 97 XII. Division of the field of housing . . . . . . . . . 113 XIII. Housing and planning-neighborhood, city, State, and national . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 APPENDIXES A. Index of real property inventories, by States and localities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143, B. Real property inventory summary tables . . . . . 146 C. Status of public housing legislation, by States Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SO D. State court decisions concerning slum clearance and low-rent housing by local housing authorities. . . . 151 E. Housing projects built by the Housing Division of the PWA, now leased or operated by the USHA. . . 152 F. United States Housing Authority-assisted projects, as of Nov. 30, 1939 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 G. Foreign housing experience . . . . . . . . . . . 158 CHARTS Page I. Population growth and urbanization increase, United States, 1790-1930 . 11. Family income in 1929 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 111. Urban housing conditions, by geographic area . 13 IV. Age and condition of dwellings, Des Moines, I o w a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 V. Disease and delinquency concentration in low-rental areas, Richmond, Va. . . . . . . . . . 44 V a. Rental map, 1934 . . . . . . . . . . 44 V b. Tuberculosis cases active during 1934 . 44 V c. Juvenile delinquency-convictions during 1934. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 V d. Adult delinquency-convictions during 1933. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 VI. Estimated number of nonfarm dwelling units constructed in the United States, 1915-38 . . . 72 VII. Indexes of dwelling units built, 1919-37 United States compared with England and Wales 1929 100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 VIII. Number of dwellings built with public assistance in England and Wales, 1919-37 . . . . . . . 74 IX. Urban dwelling units constructed per 100 families in United States, England and Wales, and Sweden, 1920-29 and 1930-37 . . . . . . 75 X. Estimated nonfarm housing needs in 1938 and from 1938 to 1950 . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 XI. Residential vacancy in nonfarm areas in the United States, 1930-37 . . . . . . . . . . . 82 XII. Nonfarm residential foreclosures and refinanced mortgages in the United States, 192638 . . . 86 - W-XIII. Residential construction for families in the United States, by income groups data cover 28 cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 XIV...